Islam: leeholide (uluhlu). iiholide ezinkulu Islam kunye namasiko alo

AmaSilamsi, kwakunye amarhamente ezinye iinkonzo, amaninzi iiholide zabo, ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo zokomoya Islamic kunye nenkcubeko. igama Arabic lo mhla esinyanisekileyo - id, nto leyo ethetha into efana nale: ". ungabuyi ixesha elithile" Yini ephawula iiholide enkulu Islam nendlela kubhiyozela amarhamente yobu unqulo uMprofethi Muhammad?

imigaqo ngokubanzi

Ngexesha nayiphi na kwimisitho Muslim ikhalenda, amakholwa, Kakade ke, thandaza. Ngaphezu koko, khumbula ukuba abo babathandayo nibathandazele abo endangena kwenye ehlabathini. Njengoko kumiselwe yi-Islam, iiholide kufuneka wenziwe eluntwini, ukuze wonke umntu akwazi va ukubandakanyeka yakhe iUma.

Ngokungafaniyo ubuKristu, apho kukho iiholide ezinkulu ezilishumi elinantathu, amaSilamsi kufuneka nemicimbi ebalulekileyo ezimbini kuphela: Eid al-Fitr kunye Eid al-Adha. I holide lokuqala lixesha ekupheleni isithuba, kwaye eyesibini lunikezelwa idini. It ibhiyozelwa ngexesha Hajj, okt oluya eMecca. Njengoko kuthelekiswa Fitr, ekuthiwa Small holide Adha ubizwa ngokuba Omkhulu okanye Enkulu.

Zombini ezi ntsuku festive, kwakunye nazo zonke ezinye iiholide Islamic zonqulo kubhiyozelwa ngokungqinelana ikhalenda kwenyanga ngokwemveli wamkelwe kuMbindi Mpuma. Kusongela Ubalo Islamic iqala ngoJulayi 15, 622 BC. e. Ngale mini uMprofeti Muhammad bafudukela ukusuka eMecca ukuya Medina ibizwa ngosuku Hegira. Muslim unyaka mfutshane ngaphezu elangeni iintsuku ezili-11. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba iiholide Islamic azinikezelwanga kuphelela imihla yekhalenda Gregorian, njengoko unyaka wonke zihamba yokubhiyozela kwabo iintsuku ezilishumi elinanye. Kulungelelaniswe lo isingqisho, qho kunyaka wesithathu kugqalwa konyaka omnqakathi.

hegira

Hijra - oko kukuthi, umgaqo, ngolokuqala leeholide, neyasekwa ngowe benkolo yamaSilamsi. imikhosi Organised kule mini kwaqaliswa okokuqala likaCaliph Omar. Kodwa eneneni awo Islamic New Year, inyanga muhharam yokuqala. Kuza le holide emva elandulela kwenyanga entsha.

Unyaka omtsha ufuna zonke utshintsho iMuslim lokomfuziselo eMecca ukuya Medina. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ukushiya ngasemva zonke izono kunye nokungaphumeleli imikhwa ezindala ukuqala ubomi obutsha ngokungqinelana ukuthanda kukaThixo.

imemori Hussein

It wayibhiyozela memory of kweentsuku ezilishumi emva kokuba New Year of Imam Hussein, umzukulwana owayesakuba uMprofethi Muhammad. Wafa '61 hijra edabini kunye nabaphumi-likaCaliph Yazid. Loo mini ngqo Shi'ite, oko engafakwanga leeholide ezinkulu Islam, uluhlu leyo okufanayo zonke iintshukumo vnutriislamskih kunye namahlelo. Ngale mini, le Shiites isijwili, hlela umngcelele amisiweyo, zichaza iziganeko Husayn t. D.

Eid al-Fitr

Fitr impendulo yombuzo oko leeholide e Islam, kakhulu omthandayo. Uphawula ukuphela enkulu amaSilamsi kwinyanga ngokuzila Ramadan. Kwizithethe inkolo, ikwabizwa ngokuba iholide iilekese. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, le imini leyo nxalenye ibalulekileyo yale mibhiyozo a deuce, leyo Islam. Ezi iiholide ibizwa ngokuba ezincinane nezinkulu, apho Fitr - Small. Ibizwa njalo kuba ubude balo ziintsuku ezintathu, ngoxa bebhiyozela isidlo esikhulu Adha - iintsuku ezine.

Ngu Fitr imibhiyozo zilungiselelwa ngenyameko. Ngokwemveli ngeli xesha ukuya kutyelela. Ngenxa yokuba usapho Islamic walungisa ezininzi ephatha uze uhombise amakhaya abo. NjengamaKristu Easter, abalandeli of Islam ukunika ngamnye nezinye izipho kunye namakhadi ebulisa.

Okunye phawu olusisinyanzelo le holide - sa. Kunyanzelekile ukuba kumakhaya ahluphekileyo kwaye esezantsi ingeniso amalizo kweholide ayizange kugqitha kubo.

Xa kufika ixesha lokuba ndaphule ukuzila, abathembekileyo kuthiwa nomthandazo. Kumazwe yamaSilamsi, ukubetha igubu, ukwenza izaziso kunomathotholo kunye nakumabonakude, badubul 'emoyeni ngemipu yabo esibhakabhakeni, yaye ngoko nangoko iqala fun. Into yokuqala isidlo wayengaphakamanga imihla, ubisi, okanye incindi ukudla uphazamiseka. Ukugqitywa umthandazo isidlo iyolala ebizwa ngokuba Maghreb. Zonke ezi ntsuku zintathu zilandelayo, akukho namnye wenza into, akukho ukufunda. Wonke umntu wonwabile, izipho, ahlawule utyelelo ukutyelela abahlobo nezalamane. Main fun efanayo uqala ngomhla wokuqala emini kunye isidlo umbhiyozo. Emva koko kubandakanya utyelelo zamangcwaba bathandazele abafileyo, emva koko lonke uvuyo jikelele kunye umbhiyozo ihlala iintsuku ezintathu.

Eid al-Adha

Adha - kubhiyozela, kukho uhlobo ikhadi ukubiza, emele Islam. iiholide Muslim ubukhulu becala kuphelela iinkumbulo abo okanye ezinye iziganeko kwimbali engcwele. Kwaye Eid al-Adha uphawula nje ukuphela Hajj, kodwa kukho imibhiyozo ezingalibalekiyo enikelwe kubingelela uIsake umprofeti Abraham. Ingcamango uyibingelele isitshixo kule siganeko, ngoko ke amaSilamsi babasikayo izilwanyana wombingelelo sisikhumbuzo ngaye. Iiplastiki uyibhokhwe, inkomo nkqu inkamela. Kodwa ke kaninzi le ndima udlalwa iigusha.

Usuku lokuzalwa Mohammed kaThixo

iiholide ezinkulu Islam, Kakade, akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kubhiyozelwa ngokuzalwa umsunguli, ekuthiwa in Arabic Milad An-Nabi. Ngokwemveli namhla kucingwa 12 Arabic lwenyanga Rabia isibambiso. Wazalwa kwi khalenda elanga (Agasti 20) akukho kuthathelwa ingqalelo. UMarko, akazange ngoko nangoko, kodwa kuphela ngexesha IAbbasid ulawulo. nokubaluleka bomthendeleko ngayo le mini ukuba ukukhumbula kwaye imbeko kwisikhumbuzo umprofeti, ukuvakalisa uthando lwabo, ukuzinikela kwaye sifunde kwimbali lwezifundo ubomi bakhe.

kokwenyuka ebusuku

Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe amaSilamsi, uMprofeti Muhammad ubusuku omnye amandla obufihlakeleyo kaThixo ubunzima eYerusalem. Wahamba naye Jabr zithunywa (Gabriel) wambonisa izulu nesihogo, kwaye emva koko wabonakala phambi kokuba umprofeti yi Allah emazulwini wesixhenxe. Isiphumo sale sityhilelo yaba ukusekwa umthandazo - umthandazo isiko, apho yonke elizinikele kufuneka enze izihlandlo ezihlanu ngemini. Oku babhiyozela 27 ka Rajab. Ngokungafaniyo neminye imihla emininzi festive leyo Islam, iiholide, imihla yokuzalwa, nokwenyuka ebusuku musa ukubonelela fun okhethekileyo. Ngexesha ezi ndinyana becala Funda yeKoran kunye nemithandazo kuthiwa. Igama Arabic yale holide - Laylat al-Mi'raj.

ubusuku kwamandla

Laylat al-Qadr - ngobusuku festive apho walikhumbula isityhilelo yokuqala uMprofethi Muhammad. Ithi ke le ingcwele yinyanga Ramadan amanani 27. Kodwa enyanisweni kulo mhla lunemiqathango, kuba ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga xa isiganeko esenzeka, akazange asinde. Ngoko ke, xa kukho imfuneko, ukuze kuqwalaselwe nayiphi na nobusuku lokugqibela iintsuku ezilishumi Ramadan. Njengoko umthetho, lo mbhiyozo uza wayetyelele lokukhonzela nokuthandaza ubusuku.

ebusuku wambusisa

Le yenye ubusuku okhethekileyo, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukugubha Islam. Neeholide izithethe zisekelwe imbeko kwisikhumbuzo amabali yobomi feti, iquka busuku njengexesha elikhethekileyo lomthandazo lwabafileyo. Uthi inyanga ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuqalisa Ramadan, xa olwandulela 15 Sha'ban. Isiseko sembali yale holide lixesha lokuba uMprofeti Mohammed wachitha ngomthandazo, ukulungiselela isithuba ukuba kuqhutywa qho ngonyaka wazifihla. Abanamathele Islam bakholelwa ukuba oku ebusuku, ebizwa Arabic Laylat al-Baraat, Allah unika imiyalelo bonke abantu abahlala: ngubani oza kufa, yaye kubani - ukuba baphile, kuye izono zixolelwe, yaye ngubani aya kuwa isiqalekiso, kwaye ngokunjalo kule omnye. ubusuku elungiselela isidlo esikhethekileyo isiko kunye likhanyise.

ezinye iiholide

Neeholide zikhankanywe ngasentla - esisiseko kwihlabathi Islamic. Bathi phantse bonke bakholwe ngexesha elifanayo. Kodwa kukho iziganeko ukuba yonke intsapho uhamba nge ngokwahlukeneyo. Ezi ntsuku ubukhulu becala kokuzalwa, igama-yokupha, njalo njalo. Chaza D. ukuyiphatha kubo ngokunjalo.

umcimbi happy

Xa umntwana ezelwe, kuluvuyo olukhulu ukuze yonke intsapho. Kwihlabathi Muslim, lo mcimbi Umbala yonqulo eliqaqambileyo. Okokuqala, umntwana uthathwa ukuba isipho sikaThixo, yaye okwesibini, ngoko nangoko laqalisa kwi unqulo Islam ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kuqala indlebe umntwana ekunene indhlebe kuthiwa adhan, oko kukuthi umnxeba umthandazo, ukuqalela formula "Allah Akbar" uze indlebe lasekhohlo warhana ICAM, ukuba umthetho ukuyimela umthandazo. Ngenxa yoko, usana olusanda kuzalwa igama yokuqala ebomini bakho unalo igama elithi "Thixo", nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu. Lo yokuqalisa yokuqala ukungena ukholo. Kwixesha elizayo, kusenjalo uthotho initiations.

Mbingelelo kunye nezinye iiholide

Emva kokuzalwa komntwana kufuneka ukuba azise isipho ku Allah ezi zilwanyana - enye amantombazana amabini zamakhwenkwe. inyama yezilwanyana isasazwa ukuba Andinanto, ndilihlwempu.

Islam - inkolo, leyo imbeko leholide novrozhdennymi zininzi. iingongoma ezongezelelweyo nokuphawula Tahnik - yokuthambisa umlomo yejusi weentsana kunye umnqweno impilo elungileyo; Akiko - utsheva isiko lo mntwana ngosuku lwesixhenxe emva kokuzalwa; igama; Hitan - ulwaluko kosana eyindoda; Bismillah - ukuphindwa umntwana esikhethekileyo njengokhangelo-ifomula yeKoran.

Kukho nezinye iiholide, iintsuku zonqulo, zipeyintwe ubomi bentsapho labucala. Kodwa isikali yabo ayinkulwanga kangako kuhlala phezu kwabo kweli nqaku.