Isixokelelwano sokuphefumla ngeentaka: umsebenzi, isakhiwo

Isixokelelwano sokuphefumla yeentaka wahlukile. I ngeentlobo umoya flow ukuya kwicala elinye kuphela, nto leyo uphawu lweminye ekuyo. Ndingathini ukuphefumla kwaye iphumela uqhoqhoqho? Isisombululo ludibaniso elimangalisayo iimpawu ezizodwa yokwakheka nokwenza komoya ukubhobhoza. Iimpawu ze isixokelelwano sokuphefumla kwi iintaka ukuba iindlela ezintsonkothileyo ye-air bag. Abayi khona izilwanyana.

Isixokelelwano sokuphefumla yeentaka: scheme

Inkqubo iza kwenziwa ngokwahlukileyo kunokuba izilwanyana. Ukongeza emiphungeni, nabo ukuba iingxowa zomoya. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo, iintaka isixokelelwano sokuphefumla angabandakanya ezisixhenxe okanye esithoba yezi iincakuba, leyo kufuneka ukufikelela kwi egxalabeni namathambo zangasese, umqolo kunye nkqu ukakayi. Ngenxa yokungabikho lomoya beqhutywa yi uvalo etshintsha uxinzelelo esebenzisa izihlunu pectoral kwi iingxowa zomoya. Oku kudala uxinzelelo elibi kwi iincakuba, ebangela umoya ukungena isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. izenzo ezinjalo abayi nje. Zidinga izishunqulelo ethile dystrophy ukwandisa uxinzelelo kwi isingxobo somoya kunye ejecting emoyeni.

Ubume isixokelelwano sokuphefumla kwi iintaka kubandakanya nokuphakamisa kwentamo ngexesha lenkqubo. iintaka Ukukhanya musa ukwandisa okanye isivumelwano njengoko imizimba mammalian. Kwezilwanyana, ukutshintshana oksijini carbon dioxide kwenzeka xa isingxobo engabonakali, ebizwa alveoli. Emizalwaneni ezinamaphiko exchange igesi lwenziwa ngaphakathi iindonga ngemibhobho amancinane ekuthiwa emithanjeni moya. Nokuphefumla iintaka senze ngcono kunokuba izilwanyana. Bona bayakwazi mpilo ngakumbi umoya nganye. Xa kuthelekiswa izilwanyana ubunzima efanayo, kufuneka kancinci of ukuphefumla.

Indlela ukuphefumla iintaka?

Iintaka kufuneka iiseti ezintathu ezahlukeneyo izixhobo uphefumlayo. Oku air bag ngaphambili, ukukhanya air bag diff. Ngexesha mpilo inspiratory udlula yempumlo apho kudibana phakathi nakumphezulu umlomo kunye nentloko. Apha itshiswe, humidified kunye yahluzwa. inyama inyama leyo esondeleyo kubo, kwezinye iintlobo, ebizwa ngokuba cere. I-flow ke imenza ukuba lweHo- ngeempumlo. umoya imuncwe aye phambili waya uqhoqhoqho, okanye uqhoqhoqho, lwahlulwe lwaba bronchi ezimbini. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba branched ibe ezininzi umendo kwi lung nganye.

Uninzi esikule somzimba 1800 bronchus ezincinane ezikufutshane ephakamileyo. Akhokelela emithanjeni amancinci ukuba ifakwe ligazi, apho utshintshiselwano zegesi kwenzeka. Umoya flow akayi ngqo emiphungeni. Endaweni yoko, ukuba angaba njengamaqhakuva caudal. A imali encinane umsila udlula ukuyilwa ngokusebenzisa bronchi, nto leyo zahlulwe emithanjeni ubukhulu ezincinane. Xa ntaka inhales okwesibini, mpilo wafudukela isingxobo somoya cranial, aphindele ngalo fistula kwi uqhoqhoqho nge kwingqula. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ngenxa lweHo- ngeempumlo ushiya womsindo.

obunobunzima

Isixokelelwano sokuphefumla ibandakanya iintaka iperi emiphungeni. Benza isakhiwo ezingashukumiyo phezu komhlaba kwindawo zonaniso igesi. Ukwandisa isivumelwano isingxobo somoya kuphela, ebangela ioksijini ukuhamba ngapha ukukhanya ezisisigxina. umoya wayisezela uhlala kule nkqubo imijikelo emibini epheleleyo phambi kokuba ziphele ngokupheleleyo. Yiyiphi inxalenye isixokelelwano sokuphefumla yeentaka anoxanduva utshintsho gas? Le indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa ukukhanya. Umoya exhaust kukho ekuqaleni ukuya kuvela emzimbeni noqhoqhoqho. Ngexesha umoya yokuqala badlule greenhouse zeemoto kungena air bag ngaphambili.

Abakwazi nje ukushiya emzimbeni, njengoko elinesibini ukusezela umoya omtsha kwakhona elopha zombini kwingxowa angasemva kunye nemiphunga. Emva koko, ngexesha Umphunga umlambo yokuqala yesibini ugeleza umahluko phakathi uqhoqhoqho kunye ioksijini entsha esuka ingxowa engena imizimba angasemva utshintsho igesi. iintaka isakhiwo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla na isakhiwo evumela nokudalwa oluthambileyo (indlela enye-) umoya phezu komhlaba exchange igesi esivulekayo emiphungeni. Ukongeza, le flow uya khona ngexesha zombini inhalation kunye nomphunga. Ngenxa yoko, ukutshintshana oksijini carbon dioxide yenziwa rhoqo.

Ukusebenza kwenkqubo

Ingakumbi isixokelelwano sokuphefumla yeentaka akuvumela kufumana isixa esiyi-oxygen ezifunekayo iiseli zomzimba. I inzuzo enkulu isakhiwo oluthambileyo kunye inyumoniya. Apha emithanjeni zezulu indawo enkulu umphezulu kuqhathaniswa, umzekelo, ngo izilwanyana. I elikhulu le inkomba, kokukhona oksijini carbon dioxide nga kujikeleziswa egazini kunye namalaphu, elibonelela ukuba ukuphefumla ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Isakhiwo kunye nokwakheka le isingxobo somoya

Le nyoni iiseti ezimbalwa lamatanki zomoya, kuquka pectoral caudal esiswini kunye caudal. Isakhiwo iqulathe iingxowa cranial wesibeleko, clavicular kunye cranial thoracic. ucinezelo okanye ukwandiswa kwenzeka xa utshintsho emzimbeni, apho afumaneka. ubungakanani lweHo- ilawulwa intshukumo kwezihlunu. Umthamo inkulu zezulu ibekwe ngaphakathi eludongeni esiswini kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo amalungu, ibekwe kuyo. Kulo esebenzayo, umzekelo ngexesha esemoyeni, le ntaka kufuna ioksijini engakumbi. Ukukwazi compress nokwandisa lweHo- umzimba awukwazi kuphela wozigqogqa umoya ngakumbi ngawo imiphunga, kodwa ukunciphisa ubunzima isidalwa ezinamaphiko.

Xa flow esesibhakabhakeni kudala iyangongoza moya ngentshukumo amaphiko, leyo Wawuzalisa ngokulungileyo isingxobo somoya. kwizihlunu zesisu kakhulu uxanduva nkqubo ukuphumla. Isixokelelwano sokuphefumla ezintakeni yahlukile ngokokwakheka onemfundo ukusuka ezendeleyo izilwanyana. Iintaka kubekho isibane -, compact, isakhiwo encinane nomsi- wabumba phakathi iimbambo kumacala omabini yomqolo em- thoracic. inyama ekhasa ezi imizimba ezinamaphiko Ungaveyisha ubunzima obungama- ezanyisayo ubunzima bomzimba elinganayo, kodwa ke ukulidla kuphela isiqingatha umthamo. abantu Healthy ngokuqhelekileyo abe pink ukukhanya kuba luthuthu.

ukucula

Imisebenzi isixokelelwano sokuphefumla yeentaka ayiphelelanga nje ukuphefumla enye oxygenation kweeseli zomzimba. Kungenzeka kwakhona ziquka ukucula, leyo ukulawula unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu. Impempe - lelona isandi ilungu uyakhala imi emazantsi ukuphakama noqhoqhoqho. Njengoko kunjalo kunye kwingqula of ezanyisayo, nto iveliswa lokungcangcazela komoya ayahamba na emzimbeni. Olu phawu bokuhlala ivumela iintlobo ezithile yeentaka ukuvelisa siyokhala entsonkothileyo kakhulu, ukuba ukulinganisa intetho yabantu. Ezinye iintlobo iimvumi unako ukuvelisa izandi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

izigaba Ukuphefumla

Umoya wayisezela aqukuqela umjikelo sokuphefumla ezimbini. Kwathathwa ndawonye, zenziwe up izigaba ezine. Uthotho amanyathelo aliqela ezalanayo ukuba nkulu fresh qhagamshelana emoyeni kumphezulu yokuphefumla emiphungeni. Le nkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Uninzi zezulu bephefumla yi inyathelo lokuqala, ucanda kulo bronchi zaseprayimari emoyeni vane angasemva.
2. Imuncwe lihamba oksijini evela iingxowa angasemva kungena emiphungeni. Apha exchange igesi kwenzeka.
3. Ixesha elizayo xa intaka inhales, umjelo ahlanganiswe ioksijini-ehamba phambi amandla semiphunga.
4. Umphunga yesibini lenkosikazi umoya ahlanganiswe icarbon dioxide ezingxobo ngaphambili ngenxa bronchi kunye noqhoqhoqho emva kwi-atmosfera.

Oksijini High

Ngenxa izinga eliphezulu ukutya kuyimfuneko endisabela kuyo, kusoloko kukho isinyanzeliso sokuba oksijini. Ukuhlola ngokweenkcukacha oko isixokelelwano sokuphefumla e kwiintaka, sinokugqiba ukuba iimpawu isixhobo lwalo inceda ukufezekisa le mfuneko. Nangona iintaka ukukhanya, bona ngokusisiseko baxhomekeke iingxowa zomoya yokuphefumla, yona i-15% ye umthamo emzimbeni wonke. Kwangaxeshanye, iindonga zawo musa ukuba unikezelo igazi elungileyo, ngoko musa ukudlala indima ngqo kutshintshiselwano igesi. Benza njengoko ngabalamli ukuba umoya ngokusebenzisa isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

In ezinamaphiko akukho uvalo. Ngoko ke, endaweni ukwanda rhoqo kunye nokuhla amalungu lokuphefumla, njengoko kunjalo kwi ezanyisayo, kwisigaba ebonakalayo kuhlaba ngumphunga efuna imisipha. Kukho beengcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga iintaka kuphefumlwa njani. Izazinzulu ezininzi ukufunda inkqubo. Iimpawu ze isakhiwo inkqubo yokuphefumla iintaka kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo azisoloko efanayo. Mahluko ukuba abazalwana bethu enamaphiko kufuneka naphaya eziyimfuneko endisabela kunye nomculo. Le nokwamkela kuyimfuneko kwakhona ukugcina kwizinga eliphezulu pathways kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphaphazelayo.