Isifo CNS e kubelekwa: oonobangela, iimpawu, zonyango, iziphumo

A usana olusanda kuzalwa akukabikho amalungu abunjwe ngokupheleleyo kunye neenkqubo, kunye nokupheliswa ukubunjwa kuthatha ixesha elide. Ngoko ke inkqubo ye ukukhula komntwana kwakhona ibunjiwe ekhulisa inkqubo yakhe luvo. Grudnichka luvo esiza ekulawuleni ubomi obuqhelekileyo yehlabathi lakhe.

Kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba ukuba unesifo lweentsana CNS sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi into eyenzeka mva kaninzi. luvo yengcinezelo kunokubangela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi ushiye umntwana ukhubazekile.

Iimpawu ze isakhiwo nervous system usana

Baby yahlukile ukusuka omdala hayi iiyantlukwano yangaphandle kuphela, kodwa isakhiwo ephilayo, njengoko zonke iinkqubo kunye namaziko ukuba angekayazi eyona ngokupheleleyo. Ngexesha lokusekwa ingqondo yomntwana abuthethileyo ingqondo unconditioned. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa, kumanqanaba kwezinto ezilawula le iihomoni uxanduva kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Ngelo xesha, zonke receptors sele phambili kakuhle.

Izinto ezibangela izifo CNS

Oonobangela kunye neziphumo CNS kuzalwa yahluke kakhulu. Imiba ephambili ebangela ukungasebenzi e-nervous system zezi:

• yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini, okanye hypoxia;
• ukuphatheka sokuzalwa;
• ukuphazamiseka nethe eqhelekileyo;
• izifo ezosulelayo, baza umama okhulelweyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini, okanye hypoxia, kuvela kwimeko yomfazi okhulelweyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi, xa izifo ezosulelayo, xa kutshaywa, isisu yangaphambili. Konke oku kukwaphulwa isasazwe ngokubanzi kwakunye ioksijini igazi Ukwanda, futhi ingane ufumana ioksijini igazi sikanina.

Omnye wemiba ekhokelela ngokoyiswa nervous system, ukwenzakala ukuzalwa yiyo loo nto sesifana uphazamiseka unako zivuse kophulwa nokwanda kunye nophuhliso kwe kwenkqubo luvo.

Ukuphazamiseka nethe oluqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo yokunqongophala umoya. Ngezidubedube dysmetabolic kukhokelela likhoboka neziyobisi kunye butywala, umama okhulelweyo. Ukongeza, umphumo luvo ukuze afumane amayeza amachiza esinamandla.

Engundoqo Ingane kuba izifo ezosulelayo usiwe umama elizayo ngexesha ngokuzala. Phakathi kwezi zifo kufuneka ukuchonga herpes kunye rubella. Ngaphezu koko, akukho naziphi na iintsholongwane yayintsholongwane eyosulela neentsholongwane kungabangela iinkqubo ayibuyiseki umva ezigxekayo umzimba lo mntwana. Ngokusisiseko, iingxaki luvo kwenzeka iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ithuba ezimbi ukugeleza CNS

Syndrome yokwehlulwa kunye nengcinezelo e-nervous system ihlanganise inani ithi zophendlo lwezifo zisenzeka Esibelekweni, ngexesha yabasebenzi, kunye neeyure yokuqala yobomi grudnichka. Nangona phambi yeemeko ezininzi predisposing esi sifo uyazimela izihlandlo-3 kuphela, ezizezi:

• olunamandla;
• wobuyiselo;
• nomphumela sifo.

Ngexesha ngalinye, umonakalo central system ehlise kuzalwa ibonwa clinical. Ukongezelela, abantwana inokuba indibanisela syndromes ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ubungqongqo ngamnye syndrome esikhukulayo, ukuze ukufumanisa ubuzaza umonakalo luvo.

Ikhondo zale sifo

ixesha Acute ihlala ngenyanga. flow yayo ixhomekeke ngqo kwi iqondo lomonakalo. Xa izilonda abanobulali waphawula iyothusa, ukwanda excitability of ikhaliphe-luvo, igubha isilevu, iintshukumo ezibukhali yalityatya ngokwamathambo ongalawulwayo, zokulala. Umntwana amaninzi kukhala ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ngenxa ubukhulu angumndilili ukuncipha kumsebenzi ngeemoto kwezihlunu, ikhaliphe, buthathaka, ikakhulu owanyayo. Le imeko usana kufuneka yaziswe. Ekupheleni ngenyanga yokuqala ekhoyo iimpawu ubomi ingathathelwa indawo hyperexcitability, phantse ngebala kwawo, rhoqo regurgitation kunye ukuqunjelwa. Amaxesha amaninzi, umntwana une - syndrome hydrocephalic ephawuleka ukwanda kokuziswa achazwe apha entloko, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, fontanelle uPienaar, iintshukumo iliso engaqhelekanga.

Xa olunzima kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo isiqaqa. Le ingxaki ufuna ukuhlala komntwana esibhedlele phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

period kwimo

isifo CNS e kuzalwa ebudeni sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo has syndromes:

• ukwanda excitability;
• epilepticus;
• ukuphazamiseka motor;
• imisiwe uphuhliso engqondweni.

Iphula ixesha elide kwezihlunu rhoqo kukho ukulibaziseka zophuhliso kwengqondo kunye nobukho ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi isithuthi, nto leyo luphawulwa iintshukumo ihlale kuyo, wamqumbisa yi ukuncitshiswa izihlunu buti, ubuso, amalungu kunye namehlo. Oku kuthintela iintshukumo eziqhelekileyo nenjongo yomntwana.

Xa ukulibaziseka wophuhliso grudnichok engqondweni iqala kamva ingabamba intloko yawo, ahlale, ahambe, khasa. Kwakhona, yena akanayo i yobuso elungileyo, kunciphise umdla zokudlala, ukukhala buthathaka, alibale ukuvela ukubhibhidla kunye Gulen. uphuhliso kokulibaziseka okunjalo engqondweni yomntwana kufuneka lokwazisa abazali.

Isiphumo sifo

Malunga nonyaka iba kubonakala CNS e kubelekwa, nangona iimpawu eziphambili sifo kancane. Isiphumo ugeleza ngezifo uba:

• ukulibaziseka esiphuhlayo;
• ukungahlaliseki;
• syndrome cerebroasthenic;
• sokuwa.

Ngenxa yoko, kusenokuba Cerebral Palsy nomntwana nokukhubazeka.

osana CNS

umonakalo osana CNS xa kuzalwa - ibinzana ngokuhlangeneyo kuthetha kukwaphula nokusebenza kwengqondo. komgomo ezinjalo kwenzeka kokubeleka, intrapartum kunye nexesha lweentsana.

Iinkonzo Zenkxaso Zasemva iqala ukususela kwiveki 28 Palsy, luze luphele emva kokuzalwa. Intrapartum kubandakanya ithuba lokusiwa ukususela ekuqaleni ukuhamba yabasebenzi kunye de umntwana ezelwe. ixesha ezisanda kuzalwa kwenzeka emva kokuzalwa kwaye luphawulwa kukhubazeko grudnichka neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

Esona sizathu siphambili sokuba kukho umonakalo osana CNS e ezisanda kuzalwa, ukuba hypoxia, leyo iphuhlise xa ukuhamba ukukhulelwa ntle, ukwenzakala ukuzalwa, zizalwa, izifo ezosulelayo yosana olungekazalwa.

ukonakala kwengqondo Cause babonwa usuleleko intrauterine, kunye nokwenzakala ukuzalwa. Ngapha koko, kusenokuba ukwenzakala umnqonqo ukuba kwenzeka xa trauma ngexesha lokubeleka.

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kakhulu ixesha esi sifo kunye neqondo yokwenzakala ubungnqongqo. Ngenyanga yokuqala emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe kukho ixesha zale sifo esibonakala ukudandatheka inkqubo luvo kunye hyperexcitability. Ngokuthe ngcembe abuyele kwezihlunu yesiqhelo. Ubungakanani yokunciphisa ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kubungakanani umonakalo.

Kwafunyaniswa ukuba izifo ngxi esibhedlele ugqirha-neonatologist. Yingcali uqhuba uvavanyo olunzulu umntwana ngokusekelwe ubungqina ekhoyo iSifo. Emva kokuba bekhululwe esibhedlele umntwana phantsi kweliso luvo. Ukuze iSifo ezininzi ngqo uvavanyo iintsimbi wenziwe.

Unyango kufuneka yenziwe kwiiyure zokuqala emva kokuzalwa nokuba isifo. Xa uhlobo nokoyika uthomalaliso wenziwe ngokungqongqo esibhedlele phantsi kweliso lomgadi oogqirha. Ukuba nezifo ikhondo ezolileyo, unyango ingenziwa ekhaya phantsi kweliso luvo.

Le sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe wenziwa ngokubanzi, kwaye ngexesha elinye, kunye namachiza zonyango kusetyenziswa iindlela impilo yomzimba ezifana ukuyifundisa ukuqubha, unyango manual, zokuthambisa, iiklasi unyango kwintetho. Eyona njongo ephambili yale ndlela ke uqeqesho lophuhliso engqondweni nasemzimbeni ngokungqinelana neenguqu ezinxulumene-ubudala.

Hypoxic-kobuchopho CNS

Njengoko kudla hypoxia kudale umonakalo luvo, ukuba zonke unina okhulelweyo kufanele ukuba kukhokelela hypoxia yaye kuphetshwe ngayo. Abazali abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba yintoni na umonakalo engundoqo hypoxic-kobuchopho nervous system in kubelekwa. Ukwanda iimpawu eziphambili kwesi sifo kuxhomekeke ngethuba umntwana hypoxia Esibelekweni.

Ukuba hypoxia elifutshane, nokuhluthwa ayikho kangaka, yingozi ngakumbi ioksijini yindlala, baqhubeka ixesha elide. Kwimeko enjalo, kungenzeka ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi zobuchopho okanye ukufa kweeseli zemithambo-luvo. Ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo nervous kwiintsana umfazi ngexesha ukuba nomntwana kufuneka ingqalelo kakhulu nemeko yobume bempilo yakhe. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ukubakhona kwezifo bandiqumbisayo hypoxia ezingekazalwa, kufuneka ubone nangoko ngugqirha unyango. Ukwazi ukuba yintoni na - central system umonakalo luvo hypoxic-kobuchopho e ezisanda kuzalwa, yaye ziziphi iimpawu zesi sifo, unako ukuthintela ukwenzeka lwesifo ngexesha unyango kwangoko.

Iifom iimpawu nasisihlo izifo

isifo CNS e kuzalwa kungenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ezizezi:

• kulula;
• avareji;
• enzima.

ifomu onobulali ebalasele excitability ngokugqithiseleyo ikhaliphe-luvo, kwezihlunu thathaka ukubonwa ngemihla yokuqala yobomi. Unakho ukufumana strabismus uhambisa okanye akulunganga, ebhadula nentshukumo amehlo. Emva kwethutyana, kusenokubakho ukungcangcazela chin nezitho, kwakunye intshukumo noko amnye ebantwini.

ifomu Umyinge uneempawu ezifana nokunqongophala imvakalelo umntwana, amahlwempu kwezihlunu, ukukhubazeka. Bangafumana ukuxhuzula, ubuntununtunu ngokugqithiseleyo, neentshukumo ezingeyomfuneko kwamehlo.

ifomu ezimandundu luphawulwa ngesithintelo kakhulu e-nervous system kunye nengcinezelo yayo ngcembe. Kuyabonakala ngohlobo sokuwa, ukusilela kwezintso, ukuphazamiseka yethumbu, nemithambo yegazi, isixokelelwano sokuphefumla.

ekuxilongweni

Ekubeni imiphumo umonakalo inkqubo luvo kunokuba anobungozi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ukufumanisa iingxaki. abantwana abagulayo ukuziphatha uncharacteristically ezisanda kuzalwa ikakhulu ngenxa yesi sizathu qiniseka ukubona ugqirha xa iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo ukuba isaveyi kunye nonyango alandele-up.

Ekuqaleni, ugqirha uhlola usana, kodwa oku rhoqo akwanelanga. Xa ukusola incinane lobukho ugqirha ngezifo unika Itomography ngekhompyutha, uxilongo ultrasound, ngokunjalo-X-reyi. Ngenxa uxilongo olunzima nga ngokukhawuleza ukuchonga le ngxaki kunye nokunika unyango kusetyenziswa iindlela zale mihla.

Ukuqhuba unyango CNS

Ezinye iinkqubo yezifo emzimbeni kwi nencum, kwi-advanced sigaba inokuba vuhlayiseki, oko ezifuna imilinganiselo ezingxamisekileyo kunye nonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo. iintsana kufuneka ziphathwe kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbalwa zobomi, njengoko kweli thuba umzimba grudnichka nako ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi ingqondo yonakele.

Ukungaqheleki kule nkqubo luvo alungiswe encediswa amayeza. Oku kuquka iziyobisi ukuphucula isondlo seli luvo. Amachiza ezivuselela kwegazi zisetyenziswa ngexesha unyango. Ukusetyenziswa machiza ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa kwezihlunu.

Ukuze abantwana abagulayo baba nako ukuzifumana ngokukhawuleza, kunye nonyango amayeza isicelo unyango osteopathic kunye ukuyifundisa. Ukuze kulungiswe le khosi kuboniswa yokuthanjiswa, electrophoresis, Reflexology kunye nezinye iindlela ezininzi.

Emva nokuzinziswa imeko yomntwana inkqubo ngamnye zokuxhasa unyango ezimbaxa yaye uphumeza esweni rhoqo imeko wosana. Kuwo wonke unyaka, sihlalutya lo Dynamics imeko yomntwana, ukhethe ezinye iindlela unyango, igalelo recovery kwangethuba kunye nophuhliso lwezakhono ezifunekayo kunye ingqondo.

Prevention CNS

Ukuthintela kukuvela isifo esimandundu kwaye iyingozi, kuyimfuneko ukuba enze grudnichka yothintelo CNS izilonda na. Ukuze wenze oku, oogqirha ndinicebisa ukucwangcisa ukukhulelwa kwangethuba, ngendlela ngexesha abangalupasanga uviwo ezifunekayo baze bayeke imikhwa emibi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, unyango antiviral ikhutshwa phandle, wenza zonke ugonyo, kwakunye nemvelaphi yomsebenzi hormone.

Ukuba CNS grudnichka zokoyisa esinjengaso, kubalulekile ukunceda usana kwi kwiiyure yokuqala yobomi bakhe aze enze esweni okokoko wosana.

Imiphumela CNS

Iziphumo kunye iingxaki -ukwenzakala CNS kwi usana olusanda kuzalwa kuba kubi kakhulu, yingozi empilweni kunye nobomi, yaye ichazwa ngendlela:

• iintlobo kakhulu kuphuhliso engqondweni;
• uphuhliso motor kakhulu, abanedumbe lengqondo;
• sokuwa;
• belahlekelwa luvo.

Ukubonwa ngexesha izifo unyango kakuhle esiqhutywa uncedo ukuphelisa iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu kwaye ukuthintela iingxaki.