Isicwangciso seBhajethi kunye neShishini

Okwangoku, iinkampani ezininzi zokuvelisa zisebenzisa i-Techpromfinplan kwimisebenzi yazo, ehlanganiswa ngokweenkcukacha zemveliso yemveliso egqityiweyo kunyaka okhoyo, umthamo weendleko zemveliso kunye nezinye izikhombisi. Le mveliso kunye nesicwangciso sezemali yoshishini yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi wayo kwaye inikezela abaphathi beli shishini ngolwazi oluyimfuneko, oluvumela ukugweba ukuchaneka kwesigqibo solawulo, nokuphuhlisa amanyathelo okulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kwemisebenzi.

Inkqubo yophuhliso lweTechnopromfinplan idibene ngqo kunye nocwangciso lohlahlo lwabiwo- mali. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lufaka isandla ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweemali zoshishino ngokucwangcisa ukusebenza koshishino kunye nokubeka esweni ukuphunyezwa kwazo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo igama elithi "uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali" linxulumene nokulungiswa komgaqo-mali-mali kulo lonke urhulumente, kwaye kungekhona kumgangatho omncinci - kwinqanaba lomnye ishishini. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lubonakaliso lobungakanani bezalathisi eziphambili zeqhinga loshishino ngexesha elithile:

-usetyenziso lwenkunzi, impahla-impahla, izibonelelo zemali;

- ukukhangwa kwemithombo yolondolozo lwemisebenzi yangoku kunye notyalo-mali;

- ngeniso kunye neendleko;

- ukuhamba kwemali;

-investments (imali-mali kunye nezimali-mali)

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luye lwaphuhliswa kwi-enterprise ngokubanzi kunye nokuhlukana ngokweenjongo ezithile, ngenjongo yokubikezela iziphumo zemali, ukubeka izikhombisi ezijoliswe kwizobuchwepheshe kunye nezoqoqosho, imida yeendleko ezibaluleke kakhulu, ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwemali yeentlobo zemveliso kunye nemisebenzi yezoqoqosho eyenziwa yoshishino.

Xa kuphuhliswa inkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwi-shishini, kubalulekile nje ukuqonda injongo epheleleyo yokucwangcisa imali kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso, kodwa kwaye yintoni imisebenzi kwimimiselo yoshishino okanye iqumrhu elithile eliya kuqinisekisa ukuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Okokuqala, sithetha ngemisebenzi ehambelana neenjongo eziphambili zenkampani.

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luhlobo oluthile lwe-tomograph olugqwesileyo yonke imisebenzi yeshishini. Kwinqanaba ngalinye lokuphuhliswa kwamashishini, ishishini linemisebenzi ethile nemisebenzi, ekuphunyezweni apho kufuneka khona isicwangciso esisebenzayo kunye nesicwangciso esifanelekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ekuphuhlisweni kwesi sicwangciso, kungekhona nje iingcali zeenkonzo zenkampani, kodwa nabo bonke abasebenzi beli shishini kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba. Emva koko, ekugqibeleni, ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yesicwangciso soshishino, ukuphunyezwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi ohambelanayo kunye ohambelana nalo lonke iqela le shishini. Eli shishini lihlobo lombuso-mini, kwaye apha, njengaseburhulumenteni, wonke umntu kufuneka abe nengcamango ecacileyo yeenjongo eziphambili zemisebenzi yezoshishino, imfuno yokuqalisa umgaqo-nkqubo othile. Xa abathathi-nxaxheba (abasebenza) bezoshishino bodwa kwiinkampani, ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwimiphumo yomsebenzi wokuvelisa ishishini

Ngokubhekiselele kwinkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, oku kungabonakali kuphela ekulawuleni ukusetyenziswa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kodwa njengoko kusetyenziswe kwisigaba sebhajethi, wonke umntu unokukwenza iziphakamiso ekuphuculeni ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo zemali kunye neziveliso.

Inkampani, ngokwemfundiso kaMichael Porter, inokukhetha ezintathu iinguqu zesicwangciso-siseko sokusebenza kakuhle kwenkampani:

1. Ukhokelo olungapheliyo kwiindleko
2. Ukwahlukana
3. Ukugxila

Ziziphi iingenelo kwinkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali inganika ukhetho lwesicwangciso esithile. Ngokucwangcisa isicwangciso sobukhokheli ngokupheleleyo kwiindleko, kucetywayo ukulawula ngokunyanisekileyo iindleko zemveliso kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso leyunithi yemveliso kwinqanaba eliphantsi kunelokhuphiswano. Ukongezelela, kukulindeleke ukuba kukhawuleze ukuthengiswa kwempahla ekhoyo yenkampani. Emva kwakho konke, nokuba utshintsho oluncinci kwimilinganiselo yokubuyisela inako ukukhulula imali eninzi ngokwaneleyo yemali. "Ukukhululwa" imali ingasetyenziselwa utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo kwimveliso, okanye kusetyenziswe ezinye iinjongo zoshishino. Ngokubhekiselele kwinkqubo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, esi sicwangciso sichaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwezicwangciso ezicacileyo nezicwangcisiweyo zokusetyenziswa kweendleko zempahla kwimihla yokusebenza kweshishini. Umqeshwa ngamnye wequmrhu kufuneka aqaphele ngokucacileyo ukuba ngeli xesha elithile umphumo wokuveliswa komsebenzi ubalulekile kwaye ukuqaliswa nokuphuhliswa kweendlela ezintsha zokuqhuba imisebenzi evumela ukuba kusetyenziswe iindleko eziphathekayo ngokufanelekileyo.

Isicwangciso sokuhlukana sikhombisa ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezinjalo, eziza kuba zizodwa okanye zobugcisa. Ngaphezu koko, ukwahlukana kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: ubuchwepheshe, ukusebenza, amakhasimende kunye nabanye. Esi sicwangciso malunga nokuphunyezwa kwayo ngokuphumelelayo sisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokwandisa inzuzo yoshishino. Ukongezelela, eli qhinga livumela inkampani ukuba ithathe isikhundla esithandekayo ngokubhekiselele kumasimathi kunabathengisi bayo.

Isicwangciso sokugxila kugxininisa kwiqela elithile labathengi, uhlobo lweemveliso okanye kwicandelo lezentengiso. Esi sicwangciso sifanele sisetyenziswe ngokwentsebenziswano kunye neyokuqala ezimbini.

Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo yokuphuhlisa imveliso kunye nezicwangciso zezimali zoshishino azibandakanyi kuphela ekuqokeleleni nokubalwa kweengxelo zolwazi malunga nomlinganiselo wokuveliswa kwemveliso, iindleko ezizayo, ukuhamba kwemali kunye neenkcukacha zengxelo yerhafu, kodwa kunye nokuphuhlisa isicwangciso-shishini kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yophuhliso. Kwaye ukuphunyezwa kwezi zicwangciso zabo bonke abasebenzi beli shishini.