Isandla seBheteli (isithombe). Ukunyamekela nokukhula ekhaya

Abambalwa abathandwayo be-floriculture yangaphakathi abazange baqale nayiphi na intendelezo "engadini" yakhe. Ezi zityalo zikhangeleka kuba azihlali ndawo kunye nokukhula kwazo, kodwa, ngokunikezwa ngobukhulu bemilinganiselo yethu, le nxalenye enkulu. Phakathi kwazo zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana ezifuywayo, intendeni yesetel isebenzisa ingqwalasela enkulu. Yaye kungekhona kuphela ngenxa yokubonakala kwayo (kufuneka ndiyithande, ndithandeke kakhulu), kodwa nangenxa yezibonelelo ezinokuzisa.

Ukubonakala kwintlango

Umhlaba wasezantsi kulo mthi ngu-Asia (umzantsi walo nasempuma-mpuma), usasazeka kwiChina (kwakhona kwinqanaba layo elisenzantsi), i-Oceania neMpuma Afrika. Kwiimeko zalo zendalo, isundu esithengayo singakhula sibe ngamamitha angamashumi amabini, kodwa, njengegumbi lomzalwana, sinomthi onqamlekileyo ngaphandle kwamagatsha kunye nezikrakra ngendlela yamacangci - oku kulandelwa ngamaqabunga awayo. Kwibhande, i-trunk inokufikelela kwisiqingatha semitha, kwaye amaqabunga "ngokukhululeka" isundu sebhekile likhula ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini ubude. Iqhakaza ngeentyantyambo eziqhenkcezayo, inika iziqhamo eziphathekayo ezibomvu okanye ze-orange, apho i-nutel nut iqulethwe kuyo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa isundu sikaBetel

Kwilizwe lakubo yesityalo sele lisetyenzisiwe iminyaka emininzi. Amayeza aseTshayina asetyenziswa ngokubanzi imbewu yokulwa namagciwane omzimba, kunye neengxaki zokugaya ukutya (ukususela ekumanyeni ukuya kuhudo), ukwenzela unyango lwe-malariya kunye ne-edema, ukwenzela ukuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwe-beriberi (polyneuritis), kunye ne-Chinese, Ukuqhelaniswa kwemida ye-Qi yamandla. Imbewu eyomileyo isetyenziswe kule njongo.

Nangona kunjalo, ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba ibetel palm (okanye kunoko, iziqhamo zayo) ziyabonwa kunye neyeza zendalo, kwaye ikakhulukazi kwicala elifanayo: ukulwa nama-helminthiases. Ukhethwe ngamachiza kuwo kunye ne-glaucoma, kwaye ulungisa izicatshulwa zomathumbu nentliziyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iziyobisi ezisuka kwimbewu yesigxina azizona eziqhelekileyo, kodwa inyaniso ihlala.

Kukho esinye isikhokelo ekusebenziseni imbewu yesityalo esicinga ngayo. Zonke izizwana zomhlaba ngexesha lembali zifuna iindlela zokuphumla. ERashiya, i-vodka igalelo kule nto, phakathi kwamaNdiya abonakalayo, umsebenzi walo wenziwa ngamakhowa kunye ne-cacti, nakumazantsi kwe-Asia kunye nempuma ye-Afrika-isundu se-betel. Igama layo lichaneka ngokufanelekileyo kwigama elithi "imbewu", elalihlanganiswe ngama-aborigines kumagqabi e-betel kwaye ahlafunwa ukuze afumaneke umonakalo olula. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukho konke.

Njengoko imbewu ye sityalo iqulethe i-pigment coloring, isetyenziswe ngabahlali basekuhlaleni ukupenda iimfate zekotton kunye neentambo.

Akukho mthi wesithende (okanye i-catechus) efanelekileyo. Ngethuba lemini, livelisa i-oksijini kwaye igalelo lomoya. Esi sityalo sithatha i-toxins kunye ne-formaldehydes-ke iyakuthabatha kwakhona i-tox-yinto eyenziwa yi-phyto-designers.

Nangona kunjalo, ungakulibali ukuba isicel betel ye Areca isityalo esinetyhefu, kwaye oku kusebenza kuzo zonke iinxalenye zesityalo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho izilwanyana kunye nabantwana abancinci endlwini, kufuneka ulinde ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba abahlaziyi kumaqabunga ayo, ngaphandle koko kukho umngcipheko okanye ixesha elide lokuphilisa, okanye ulahlekelwa sisidenge.

Iindidi zeekamelo zeesherki

Endle, kukho iintlobo ezingamashumi amahlanu zalesi sityalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzalisa ekhaya, iintlobo ezintathu kuphela ezifanelekileyo:

1. I-Areca tri-chin (Areca triandra). Ikhula ukuya kwiimitha ezintathu ukuphakama, inde (ukufikelela kumitha enye neyesigamu) kunye namaqabunga ama-unbent aphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-trunk kufuphi nomhlaba ihlukaniswe zibe zibini okanye ezintathu.
2. I-Areca catechu (Areca catechu) - iphakathi kwabaflorisi ababizwa ngokuba ngumthi wesithende. Kuzo zonke iintende zezandla, ziphezulu-ziyakhula ukuya kumitha engamashumi amabini, ngoko ke isetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwamagumbi amakhulu. Ububanzi be trunk kwiimodeli ezinkulu zifikelela kwisiqingatha semitha; Ubude bamaqabunga ngamanqanaba amabini.
3. I-Areca yellowing (Areca lutescens). Ukuphakama, kuthatha indawo phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini ezichazwe, "ukukhula" okungaphezulu kweemitha ezili-10. Amaqabunga anesimo esiphezulu, kunokuba sifutshane (asikho ngaphezu kweyesithathu semitha), kwaye i-trunk inkulu kakhulu, ukuya kumitha ububanzi.

Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngazo, kuzo zonke iintlobo zangaphakathi ezisetyenziselwayo isetel pal palm, oko kukuthi, i-catechu. Nangona ubukhulu bayo bukwenza kube nzima ukugcina emagumbini amancinci, yiyona ndlela ihle kakhulu kwaye ihamba ngokulula kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokuyila.

Ubunzima bokutshintshwa

Ukuba uthanda isundu le-betel, ukukhula indlu yalo mthi kuqala ngokutshintshwa kwayo. Kwaye sele sele ikhona kule mzuzu i-floriculturist ibhekene neengxaki ezithile. Ngomlinganiselo wokutshintshwa okuqhelekileyo, kwanokusetyenziswa komhlaba ofanelekileyo, isityalo siyagula ixesha elide, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zifa. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka ngale ndlela:

1. Uluhlu oluphezulu lwamanzi luthululelwa kwi-pot yevolute oyifunayo-ukuya kwikota yephakamileyo yesitya.
2. Isundu laseBheteli lisuswe ngokucokisekileyo kwibhodi elidala. Iinjongo azilumi, kuyinqweneleka ukuba udongwe luhlala lukhulu.
3. Isityalo sifakwa kwindawo "yokuhlala" entsha, kwaye izibonda ezakhiweyo zihlanganiswe ngomhlaba omtsha.
4. Intamo yengcambu kwisitya esitsha kufuneka ibe kwinqanaba elifanayo njengalelidala.

Kuze umthi ubanjwe ebhodweni elitsha, igumbi kufuneka lihlale lifanayo, kwaneqondo lokushisa. Le nkqubo yezityalo ezincinci zenziwa rhoqo ngonyaka; Kubantu abadala - yonke iminyaka emithathu (ungazibamba ukufaka indawo engaphezulu).

Umhlaba ochanekileyo

Zonke izityalo zifuna umhlaba kunye nezibonakaliso ezithile. Ayikho enye into kunye nesundu sebetel. Ukulima kwayo kuya kuphumelela ukuba umthi unikezwe ngomhlaba ofanelekileyo kakhulu. Okokuqala, ukuphendula kwayo akufanele kuthathe ngokungathandabuzekiyo okanye kungacacile, kwaye umhlaba kufuneka uphelele amanzi kunye nomoya kakuhle, kwaye ube nesondlo. Ngako oko, abalimi bezityalo abanamava bacebisa umgangatho womhlaba wonke ohlanganiswe ne-pine bark, isidlo sesithambo, amalahle, i-peat, ipumice kunye namatye amakhulu. Ukuba awuyizivila kwizilwanyana zakho ukuze uzilungiselele umhlaba, xhuma umhlaba weqabunga kunye ne-sod, isanti kunye nomnyama omnyama (2: 4: 1: 1).

Iimpawu zokukhula

Intendeni yesantya eselula (isithombe esichazwe kwinqaku) sihlala sisiqhamo esinike ubomi bakhe. Akukho nanye inokuthi isuswe ngenkani - umthi uya kubhubha. Xa iphosa kwaye iwa, iyakususwa kuphela.

Kwiivenkile, isityalo sithengiswa ngesiqithi, iziqwenga eziliqela kwimbi. Ukuwahlula ngexesha lokutshintshwa akudingekile: nokuba umonakalo omncinci kwiingcambu utshabalalisa yonke "i-grove". Kungcono ukuthenga ibhotile enkulu kwaye ushiye umthi ndawonye - ngoko bajonga kakhulu.

Siyakhathalela ukushisa

Kuhlala kulungele ukukhumbula apho intendeni yesigcino ivela khona. Ukunyamekela okokuqala kunye nokuphambili kukugcina urhulumente we-thermal. Ubungakanani obushushu obuvumelekile buyi-18 degrees: isityalo kunye nayo sincumo kwaye siyeka ukukhula, kodwa asifi. Iingqikithi ezichaseneyo ziyi-drafts. Kufuneka kubekwe kude kwiifestile: ebusika, isundu sinokuhlupheka nakubanda obuphuma kwiifestile. Kule meko, ukuba usebenzisa ii-heaters ukushisa, kufuneka zifakwe kude ne-plant - umoya omile kakhulu awuyona into eyingozi kuyo.

KuKhanya

Isandla sikaBetel (iifoto ezisetyenziswe kwinqaku, unokufumana ingcamango yobuhle) - umthi weTropiki, ofuna ukukhanya okukhulu. Ukunyamezela kakuhle kunye nokukhanya kwelanga, ngoko-pritenii idinga kuphela emini emini (ukususela phakathi koMeyi ukuya ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi). Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi bokukhanya akuyona imeko efunekayo - umthi wesundu we-betel uziva kakuhle kwaye unomthunzi. Ngoko ukhetho lweefestile ekubekwa kwalo lububanzi kakhulu. Into efunekayo ukuba uyibeke ingqalelo: ukuba sele ihlala ixesha elide kwindawo ephantsi, ihambe phantsi kwelanga elikhanyayo kufuneka ihambe ngokukhawuleza ukuphepha ukutshisa. Kwaye ukuze i-krone ikhule ngokukhawuleza, ibhokhwe iyajikelezwa ngecala ukuya kumbane wokukhanya kuyo yonke indawo.

Indlela yokwenza amanzi

Ngethuba lomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu - entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni - isetel palm isidinga rhoqo kwaye ininzi yokunisela. Amanzi kufuneka athambile kwaye azinze. Ngokufanelekileyo, kuya kuba kuhle ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula; Amanzi okupompoza kufuneka avalwe ubuncinane iintsuku ezintathu. Amanzi a-chlorinated angawabulala umthi ngokucwiliswa komnye, ngoko landela ishedyuli yonyango ngokucophelela. Ukongezelela, amanzi asele sele ahleliwe asebenza nzima kwesi sityalo. Ukunciphisa, (i-citric acid) i-citric acid yongezwa.

Kwiinyanga ezitshisayo, isicel betel isanisela njengendawo ephezulu yomhlaba eyomileyo (ukuchonga umzuzu ofanelekileyo, kwanele ukuyihlaba ngomunwe ngamangentimitha amabini). Ukugqithisa akusibi kakhulu, kunokwaneleyo. Ukuba igumbi liyafudumala, kwaye akukho sisongelo sokupholisa i-coma yehlabathi, ungayifaka ibhokhwe emanzini ngamanzi-nje ungakulibali ukuyitshintsha rhoqo ukuze ingaqali. Kwixesha elibandayo, amanzi amaninzi amaninzi - iintsuku ezimbini emva kobuso bomhlaba bome.

Ubuncwane kufuneka bunganikezelwa kuphela ngenkceshelo. Ebushushu bentendelezo, kufuneka uhlambe yonke imihla; Ukuba umoya ekamelweni lomelele kakhulu, akuyi kuba yinto engafanelekanga ukufaka i-humidifier.

Izichumiso eziyimfuneko

Ngokomgaqo, ebusweni bomhlaba obaneleyo, umnqweno we-betel awudingi ngokukodwa ukugqoka. Nangona kunjalo, intsha okanye, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, iyanciphisa imithi kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni-zasehlotyeni zisondliwa (kunye nesichumiso esivamile, kabini ngenyanga). Ebusika nasekwindla, kwanele ukwenza oku kanye ngenyanga. Ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-ekuqaleni kweJuni, kunokwenzeka ukuxhasa isundu kunye nezichumiso eziphilayo.

Ukuba izilwanyana zihlaselwa okanye umthi wagula

Ithenda yesitheli ibhekene nokuhlaselwa kwe- mealybug, i- whitefly, i-scabi ne-spider mite. Ngethamsanqa, ukuba iimpawu zeentlekele zifunyenwe, zanele ukhathalela izityalo ngokulungiselela amalungiselelo afanelekileyo - iingxaki ezinjalo "ukuhlaselwa" akubangeli. Izifo ezikhethekileyo zesundu azichaphazelekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingxaki zibangelwa yimpazamo ekunyamekeleni: umzekelo, xa izimpande ezikhulayo zibola. Ukuba awuyi kuyeka ngexesha, awukwazi ukugcina isityalo. Ukumisa izitya kwiingcebiso kubangelwa ngumoya owomileyo, ukushisa okungekho kwamkeleka okanye ukunganelanga okwaneleyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimpazamo ezinjalo aziphathezi kakhulu. Ukuba amaqabunga aqala ukugquma, oku kuwuphawu lokuphuphuma: kukulungiselela ukuba enze izigqibo eziphuthumayo ukwenzela ukukhusela ukubola kwepropati.

Ulwazi olongezelelweyo

Uninzi lwezindlu luyakudinga ukusika izixhobo. Nangona kunjalo, kumthi wesundu, le nyathelo ayiyinto engadingekile: ayifuni, kwaye le nkqubo iya kukunika isiphumo esiza kufa ngokukhawuleza.

Isundu lentsimbi sisakazwa yimbewu. Ukuzifumana ekhaya kusinzima, kodwa ukuba zihlume ihluma, kufuneka kusetshenziswe i-greenhouse. Ngoko ke, "abanomdla" baxhamla kuphela kwikhaya "lokuzalisa".