Isakhiwo yangaphakathi ezincancisayo. Ubume kunye umsebenzi amalungu zangaphakathi sisilwanyana esincancisayo

Phakathi izityalo bebeziqhelanisa iqela njengezona lwiimi - le angiosperm naphakathi izilwanyana kukho izinto ukuba abe izifundo ephakamileyo ubume amalungu yangaphandle nangaphakathi. It izilwanyana. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha iimpawu yesakhiwo, uphuhliso, ukwanda kunye yokuhlela.

ezincancisayo Iklasi: isishwankathelo jikelele

ezincancisayo uphawu ziquka ukonyulwa zonke iimpawu zabo ilifa. Okokuqala, kuba yeyona kakhulu apha naphaya izilwanyana bakwazi ezilalisa emhlabeni. Igcwele yonke; sentshinyela bands, emaqeleni, intlango nkqu emanzini Antarctica.

Loo zisasazwe ngokubanzi kuwo umhlaba ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo lwangaphakathi ezanyisayo zinezibonelelo zayo neempawu, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa kamva. ukubonakala kwazo kwakhona hayi ayitshintshanga. Isethi zokuguqulwa eyakuthi eve phantse onke amalungu omzimba xa kufikwa ungummeli ethile.

Ukongeza, ukuziphatha kwalo iklasi izilwanyana nayo eziququzelelwe kakhulu kakhulu kwaye zintsonkothile. Oku kungqinwa yinto yokuba esinye amaqela ezanyisayo kuthathwa ukuba ube yindoda elifanelekileyo.

Uphuhliso aphezulu obuchopho kuvumela abantu ukuba ukuvuka ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye izidalwa. Namhlanje ezanyisayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi babantu. Bathi ke kuye:

• supply amandla;
• amandla muhle;
• ezifuywayo;
• izinto umthombo elebhu;
• abasebenzi yezolimo.

ezincancisayo uphawu zinikwe ngohlobo izifundo ezininzi of Sciences ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa esingundoqo ubizwa ngokuba theriology ( "terios" - irhamncwa).

ezanyisayo yokuhlela

Kukho iinketho ezahlukeneyo ukuhlanganisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokwamaqela. Kodwa ke ukwahluka yabaMeli inkulu kakhulu ukuba bakwazi ukuyeka kwi kuguqulelo abangabodwa. Ngoko ke, naluphi na uhlobo zingahlonyelelwa, alungiswe kwaye kufakwe omnye.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho malunga 5.5 amawaka entlobo ezanyisayo, apho iintlobo 380 abahlala kummandla lizwe lethu. Konke oku ukwahluka ezidityanisiweyo kumaqela-27. amaqela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo mammalian:

• monotremes;
• opossums;
• caenolestes;
• mikrobioterii;
• marsupials;
• bandicoots;
• dvureztsovye;
• elephant shrew;
• zlatokrotovye;
• aardvarks;
• hyrax;
• proboscidians;
• siren;
• anteaters;
• armadillos;
• lagomorphs;
• iimpuku;
• shrews emthini;
• COLUGO;
• monkey;
• insectivorous;
• aqubude kuzo;
• solipeds;
• ungulates bade-Umbala;
• iintlanzi;
• yomona;
• izambane.

Yonke le iintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana zihlala zonke bume ubomi kudlulela zonke iinkalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba imozulu. Kufakwe apha na izinto icinyiwe, kuba nabo inani ezanyisayo imalunga-20 amawaka iintlobo.

Isakhiwo sangaphandle ezanyisayo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, ukongeza ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu mbutho ngaphakathi kunye ezanyisayo kufuneka ecacileyo iimpawu ngaphandle. iimpawu ezinjalo ukwahlula basic eziliqela.

1. A smooth okanye rough idyasi mandatory (kwimeko iinwele kwabantu).
2. Ukwenziwa sangaphandle, umsebenzi protective - iimpondo, neempuphu, iinzipho, iinwele, amashiya, namashiya.
3. Ubukho unamadlala yesikhumba: i sebaceous kunye nokubila.
4. omqolo ezisixhenxe ukwakhiwa kumhlathi wesibeleko vertebral.
5. Amasende okweqanda-ezimile.
6. ukuzalwa Live njengendlela yokuzala wenzala, kwaye ke ukuthatha unonophelo kuye.
7. Ubukho webele-lwebele abaselula, echaza igama eklasini.
8. lobushushu emzimbeni asisigxina okanye homeotherms - ezinegazi elishushu.
9. Ubukho uvalo.
10. amazinyo enomahluko nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo neentlobo.

Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo sangaphandle ezanyisayo uye ngokucacileyo neempawu zalo. Ngokupheleleyo zabo kuchongwa indawo ekhethekileyo inkqubo yehlabathi ephilayo. Noko, ndihleli nje, kukho ukuxolelwa. Umzekelo, besikrekrethi excavator abe ubushushu bomzimba rhoqo, kwaye inxulumene a zinegazi elibandayo. A abakwazi platypus ukuze baphile awabazalwayo, nangona yinotheria.

Skeleton kanye neempawu zayo

Ubume amathambo mammalian ehlabathini. kuthathwa phawu yawo. Ngapha koko, ukuba nje wahlukana ngokucacileyo yangamacandelo ezihlanu ezingundoqo:

• skull;
• isifuba;
• kwalapho;
• Belt yesiqephu aphezulu nolusezantsi;
• omzimba.

Kulo mzekelo, umnqonqo naye uneempawu zawo. Oku kuquka:

• entanyeni;
• lwebele;
• empontshwa;
• ingxenye sacral.

ubungakanani yokakayi inkulu kakhulu kwihlabathi lonke isilwanyana. Oku kubonisa inqanaba eliphezulu lombutho umsebenzi kwengqondo, ingqondo, ukuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo. Imihlathi olusezantsi ezinokususwa eziqhotyoshelwe lukakayi, ukongeza isakhiwo yobuso iye cheekbone enye.

Ubume amathambo mammalian ingakumbi yokuba ngumqolo ibandakanya platsetalnyh (okt tyaba) omqolo. Le meko ayisekho ku naziphi na izilwanyana ummeli. Ukongeza, umnqonqo ibekwe ngaphakathi tyazhem ngqo post kunye umcimbi wayo gray ukuma "ibhabhathane".

Salo, okanye kunoko, amathambo abo, iyahluka kwinani iminwe, ubude ithambo, kunye nezinye iparameters. Oku kungenxa kukhubazeko ukuya yokuphila ethile. Ngoko ke, iinkcukacha ezifana we uphahlalamathambo kufundwa ukulungiselela ummeli ngalinye.

Ubume kunye umsebenzi wamalungu zangaphakathi iinkqubo mammalian

Yintoni ngaphakathi umzimba wesilwanyana kunye kubume bayo, yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yonke ngamnye. Yeyona isakhiwo lwangaphakathi ezanyisayo ivumela ukuba babe ngabantu abakwizihlalo lawula phezu komhlaba elwandle. Zonke ezi mpawu ziquka ubume kunye nokusebenza umzimba ngamnye, uze emva koko, yaye yonke eziphilayo.

Akukho konke ezizodwa kubume sabo ulandelwe. Imigaqo ngokubanzi kuyagcinwa. Nje ezinye imizimba baye bafikelela uphuhliso abo, nto leyo ushiye uphawu yayo kwiklasi ukugqwesa jikelele.

Yeyona isihloko enkulu ukuhlola - ubume ezanyisayo. Table ke bekuya kuba ezifanelekileyo ukuze zibonakalise lulonke umbutho inkqubo izilwanyana zasekhaya isixhobo kule klasi. Kuyenzeka ukubonakalisa ukwakhiwa ezo zidumbu, inkqubo engundoqo imisebenzi eziyenzayo.

kwegazi

iimpawu noshowo ezanyisayo ziyafumaneka ezine-zawo intliziyo. Oku kungenxa ukuyilwa kwagxunyekwa ngokupheleleyo. Le nto ke intloko ziyintoni ezi izilwanyana ezinegazi elishushu, abe ubushushu bomzimba rhoqo homeostasis yokusingqongileyo lwangaphakathi nenyama xa iyonke.

luvo

Ubuchopho kunye umnqonqo, yesakhiwo umsebenzi - oku ingakumbi isakhiwo mammalian. Ngapha koko, akukho silwanyana okwazi abafumana iimvakalelo ezininzi kangaka, bangaphi na. Nature ubanike ukukwazi ukucinga, ukuze ukhumbule, ukucinga, ukuze wenze izigqibo ngokukhawuleza uze uphendule ngokuchanekileyo ingozi.

Ukuba ukuthetha ngomntu, kukho kunzima ngokubanzi ukudlulisela yonke imali ungcono ubukrelekrele. Izilwanyana babe nethuku, intuition, nto leyo ebanceda ukuba baphile. Konke oku ilawulwa yi ebuchotsheni, libambisene kunye nezinye iinkqubo.

inkqubo alimentary

Isakhiwo yangaphakathi ezanyisayo ivumela kungekuphela nje ukumelana neemeko zobomi, kodwa ukuba ukukhetha ukutya kwabo. Ngokomzekelo, xa ruminants isakhiwo olukhethekeliyo isisu, nto leyo evumela ukuba bavuselele ingca phantse ngokuqhubekayo.

Ubume తీసివేయి Susa kwakhona kuyahlukana nedlela kakhulu kuhlobo lokutya. Xa uhlaza eyayilawulwa abaqingqi, yaye ichazwe ngokucacileyo aso karhataka. Zonke ezi mpawu kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Ngaphezulu, uhlobo ngalunye kuvelisa isethi yaso enzyme ukuququzelela nangempumelelo nokwenziwa kokutya.

inkqubo imizimba nokwabiwa

Enyama yangaphakathi ye ezanyisayo, aqukiweyo kususwe iimveliso lulwelo emzimbeni, zicwangciswe kumgaqo. Izintso ukuqhubekekiswa umthamo omkhulu ulwelo kwaye enze filtrate - uchama. Wachaza ukuba ureters zibe esinyini, leyo xa kuzaliswa awunanto kokusingqongileyo.

inkqubo yonyango

Zonke isakhiwo yangaphakathi mammalian esimanyeneyo uthungelwano emsebenzini wabo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinkqubo ezimbini abaququzeleli kunye abalawuli bonke abanye. Zezi:

• thazeke;
• yonyango.

Ukuba lokuqala wenza oku inkqubela luvo nokushukunyiswa, le iihomoni eziphethe yesibini. Ezi iikhemikhali negalelo elikhulu. Phantse zonke iinkqubo ukukhula, uphuhliso, ekukhuleni kwengqondo, uphuhliso iimvakalelo, ukhupha iimveliso zesinyithi, iindlela kutshintshiselwano - sisiphumo umsebenzi wale nkqubo. Oku kuquka amalungu ezibalulekileyo, ezifana:

• amadlala adrenal;
• ndlala;
• thymus ;
• ingqondo yebhinqa;
• yobuchopho kunye nabanye.

ingqondo

Veliswa kunye nophuhliso ezincancisayo, orientation abo ehlabathini, indlela Opportunistic - konke oku kuya kuba akunakwenzeka ngaphandle izivamvo. Ziziphi analyzers ukwenza kubo, sele kubonisiwe kule theyibhile. Bekuya kuba enqwenelekayo ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kunye nomphakamo ophezulu nophuhliso ngamnye kubo.

OLawulo uphuhliso elungileyo kakhulu, nangona nje kabukhali njengokuba iintaka. Ukuva - a analyzer ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwiintshaba ixhoba - nesisekelo usisiqinisekiso ubomi obuyimpumelelo. Ikha ibharhule na ingonyama kaThixo iviwe ixhoba, lo gama kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa kude.

Izixhobo vestibular inceda ngokukhawuleza ukutshintsha indawo emzimbeni, kwaye uzive nangentuthuzelo kuzo zonke iimbombo umzimba. Isivamvo sokujoja kwakhona iqhosha le kakuhle wondleke lemini. Ngapha koko, inkoliso amaxhoba zabo amarhamncwa yi ivumba.

Veliswa kunye nophuhliso ezincancisayo, ingakumbi

Veliswa kunye nophuhliso ezincancisayo phezu kwayo yonke imigaqo eyamkelekileyo. Abasetyhini kunye namadoda babe amalungu copulatory ngenxa ukusukelwa kunye isichumiso. Emva koko, imazi uvelisa Lithole kwaye lidlala kwi ukukhanya. Noko ke, olunye kwaye iqala Ngokungafaniyo ezanyisayo kwezinye zonke izilwanyana, ngakumbi esezantsi elilungelelanisiweyo. Bayabanyamekela nenzala yabo, ebenza babe abadala kunye nobomi elizimeleyo.

Inani amathole ayikho bukhulu kangaka, kangangokuba elowo kubo afumane ukhathalelo, uthando kunye nothando kubazali bakhe. Man, njengoko eluchochoyini uphuhliso kwihlabathi isilwanyana, ikwabonisa iqondo eliphezulu ezizezemvelo koomama.