Kaloliwe Museum e naseNovosibirsk. Museum kaloliwe at kwisikhululo Riga

Esi sixeko ibekwe enye "zokugcina zakudala" edumileyo iindlela kaloliwe. zikaloliwe Museum naseNovosibirsk kukho ubungakanani omhle kakhulu (malunga ezintathu km imiboniso ezizodwa oololiwe, iimoto kunye nezinye iimpawu zesifundo).

It ndawonye ingqokelela ebalulekileyo (imiboniso ngaphezu 100) zikaloliwe, zikaloliwe zombane, zikaloliwe idizili neevili, ukuba ubukhulu becala wasebenza West Siberian Railway. Ukongeza, i-naseNovosibirsk Museum of kwezixhobo kaloliwe kubo. NA Akulinina (igama elisemthethweni) anayo kwingqokelela yayo yemiyinge Soviet yeemoto njengoko "Moskvich", ndingaz, ZAZ (unyaka ezahlukeneyo imodeli) kunye neemodeli ezininzi iitrektara, iilori nezithuthi zonke-sendawo.

History of indalo

Ngo-1996, i-ring selinge "VNIIZhT" wahlanganisa inani elikhulu izixhobo kaloliwe. Kulo mba, ulawulo eziphambili izibonelelo kaloliwe wabeka phambili isindululo malunga nokusekwa museum efanelekileyo. Koko waqalisa ukuqokelela zonke iintlobo zezinto zobuciko kaloliwe, yaye ngoAgasti 2000 zikaloliwe lwembali yavulwa ngokusesikweni. Yena yathiywa emva ngumseki kunye nomlawuli yokuqala - uNicholas Akulinina.

Lo mboniso museum yokuqala

Right emnyango ukuseta kwase kaloliwe abazalwana Cherepanovs. Yefim and Miron wakha phezu kwenye Nizhny Tagil Iron kunye nezityalo (Vyisky sisityalo), isikhephe yokuqala isiwe (igama endala kaloliwe). Ngoko 1834 yabalasela imbonakalo kaloliwe yokuqala kuBukhosi Russian. Ukongeza umthwalo iitoni 3.5, oko ukuthwala abakhweli ngaphezulu 40.

imodeli Unique lokuqokelelwa yimyuziyam

Enye ezinjalo imiboniso ezizodwa yinkampani injini itanki "Borsig". Yakhiwa XIX-XX iinkulungwane. ku Germany. Le modeli waba ngoko akukho ithenda zokubasa kunye namanzi ezigcinwe zomphunga kwi kwamatanki ezizodwa (amatanki) ibekwe emacaleni kwibhoyila engundoqo.

Kwakhona, ingqalelo abakhenkethi imodeli isiphazamiso kaloliwe LV-0040. Lakhutshwa kwi Voroshilovgrad kaloliwe Works e sharing-50. leminyaka yokugqibela.

Kaloliwe Museum e naseNovosibirsk ubonisa imodeli impahla kaloliwe Er-789. E manqaku ezithandwa kakhulu, kangangokuba kwenziwa imveliso mass. Zikaloliwe babephakathi imifuziselo wathi rhoqo ukuba wemvula ekhawulezileyo zezithuthi kaloliwe. Sinokuthi ezi zikaloliwe abasalayo nemveliso kwisigaba yeemfazwe ezintathu. Ukuzakhela naniqhubeka kumazwe esibhozo, apho 32 esityalo babandakanywe. Le modeli liye laba likhulu phakathi zikaloliwe zasekhaya.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, zikaloliwe imithwalo emnyama nebala kunye umkhweli - luhlaza okanye oluhlaza. Zibonakala ukuba mdala kakhulu, kodwa iminyaka malunga 60-70 kuphela.

Yiyiphi eminye imiboniso ifakiwe kule ngqokelela?

Kunye AMAGQABAZA ▸ zikaloliwe kunye neemoto ngamnye, kukho wahlanganisa inani elikhulu izixhobo kaloliwe. Umzekelo, itanki nemilinganiselo kakhulu kakhulu yayizezokuthutha intsimbi otyhidiweyo.

Kwakhona zikaloliwe museum abe umboniso ekhethekileyo, njengokuba Umxhubi 16-asi, ogama umthamo neetoni ezili-150, eyasekwa ngo-1974.

Uyakwazi ukubona imodeli netroli imishini TD-5 (vula ibhedi ezintandathu self-ngokwaso kwisithuthi kuhambisa / zothutho iindlela isixhobo kaloliwe, indlela izinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nabasebenzi).

Kucelwa abakhenkethi imelwe iqonga ukuba ziyolungiswa nokugcinwa catenary, kunye kotlovanokopatel kunye icebreaker.

cars ekuvunweni njengoko imiboniso zokuqokelelwa lolondolozo lwembali

Kukho ezimotweni zomkhosi, poludzhipy, ZIS-5. Njengoko kwakunye "Dodge WC51", nto leyo 1942 sindise USSR. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwathiwa "Dodge iikota ezintathu" Red Army (ngenxa yokuba yaba umthamo we-750 kg).

Kukho ekuqokeleleni kunye omhlophe mini-itrekta eyenziweyo kwi-eKharkov Tractor Plant.

NaseNovosibirsk kaloliwe Museum sikuvumela ukuba ubone imoto ndingaz:

1. ndingaz-51 - ilori yiSoviet ukuba wawenziwe kukuninzi. Uthotho imveliso yawo yaqala ngo-1946, kodwa iisampuli yokuqala yaqokelelwa phambi kokuba kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. output Lilonke wawuquka 3.5 yezigidi iikopi zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo. Asebenzisa ngayo ihamba imizobo Soviet kwaye eTshayina, yaye Korea, kunye Poland.

2. ndingaz-63A - ilori eSoviet-wheel-drive. Yena (1948-1968 gg.) Ngaba yaveliswa iminyaka engama-20.

3. Zil-157 - Car of leSoviet, kukho inani lweziqhulo: "Poltergeist," "Baba", "Jongilanga", "Crocodile", "Zakhar", "Bents" "Truman", "Cleaver", "stupa" "Mormon." E Bulgaria ukuba igama elithi "Joghana" eUkraine - "Kabanchik" e Lithuania - "Shyashyakoyis krokodilas". Kwingingqi Magadan, Yakutia, ena kunye Chukotka zicingeleka imoto ebizwa ngokuba "LDRS" okanye "Crab". endlwaneni yayo kufana intsimbi, ngoko emantla-ntshona ibizwa - "Iron". Kwakhona kwaziwa ukuba phakathi Central Federal District of abazingeli, ezizezi Ryazanschine, le moto iye iyunifom umzimba ubungakanani zero (kung), ifumene igama elithi "Zenzyubel".

Lo asinguye imiboniso ezintsha zala yimyuziyam.

Museum kaloliwe at kwisikhululo Riga

It yavulwa ngo-2004 kwaye azinikele imbali kwezixhobo kaloliwe ngqo kaloliwe eMoscow. Amaninzi uyakwazi ukuva igama elahlukileyo - imyuziyam koololiwe umphunga kwindawo Riga.

Ngelo platform open-air bakhwela zikaloliwe kunye iinjini umphunga iminyaka ezahlukeneyo sokukhululwa ngexesha elahlukileyo. Oku abameli yamandulo kwezixhobo kaloliwe, kunye nenzala yabo mihla.

Museum kaloliwe kwisikhululo Riga ivumela abatyeleli balo ukufumana imiboniso ngaphakathi ezithile nkqu twist ezingalweni zabo, ezinye iimodeli ileli obekwe phezu lula abakhenkethi.

I-museum ezikufutshane, uyakwazi ukubona kaloliwe yomphunga yi ubungakanani umxhelo kakhulu, nto leyo laba mnyama. Yena amagalelo umsi kunye neyomsondlo njengoko sisebenza. Kusenokuthabatha ukukhwela. iinxalenye zayo candelo - i kaloliwe umphunga, elibhekisela thotho E nge plate mvume 774-38, kunye imoto ezimbini mihla.

Apha uyakwazi bona kunye zikaloliwe kunye snowplows. Kukho iimoto ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, ucoceko, esebenze ngexesha Enkulu Patriotic War.

Njengoko libonakele, loo nto ithathwa yimyuziyam koololiwe umphunga e Moscow, ngakumbi ncam, kwindawo Riga.

Zikaloliwe Museum of capital eRashiya wasentla

Waqala ngokwenza 1813. Ku ngokukhethekileyo yakhiwa ngo-1902 ngenxa ekwakhiweni kwayo.

Apha waqokelela esisityebi kunene ingqokelela yonke into enxulumene ne zothutho ngololiwe: zikaloliwe, oololiwe, iimoto, oomatshini zokwakha kunye namanqaku abangabancedani intshukumo liqhawuke koololiwe. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kuqwalaselwa kaloliwe Museum eSt Petersburg a nemiboniso ezizodwa. nohlobo kuboniswa nokuboniswa omkhulu kwimiboniso yezizwe ngezizwe kwizixeko ezininzi ezinkulu, ezifana, ngokomzekelo, Paris (1900).

Kutheni le Museum ebizwa incwadi?

Ngenxa yokuba uninzi iindwendwe - abafundi. Batyelela imyuziyam koololiwe umphunga eSt Petersburg ukuze ufumane ulwazi ebonakalayo malunga kaloliwe kunye noololiwe. Kwakhona, xa uqhuba iklabhu fan bonke ukubenza.

Xa kwakhiwe lolondolozo lwembali yabamba% 3 kuphela zonke iimodeli, kodwa abasebenzi balo ukubuyekeza ukuhamba izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-10 ngonyaka iziganeko kunye nemiboniso kwiiyunivesithi kunye nezikolo.

Okwangoku zikaloliwe Museum eSt Petersburg 50 amawaka. Pieces, ezo thaca bahleka-ups kunye neemodeli zokusebenza zikaloliwe kunye noololiwe.

Apho enye ekuqokelelweni Russian koololiwe?

Wayirhola umnqwazi kwimbali zothutho kaloliwe kunye nesixeko Pereslavl. Kaloliwe Museum kukho kufuphi kwilali encinane. Iqulethe imiboniso ezivela zaphawula ezahlukeneyo. Imixube iimoto (umkhweli nabemithwalo) zifakiwe kwi-neentsimbi, kwaye ngqo phantsi kwezulu evulekileyo.

Kwakhona, akukho ingabonwa model snowplows. Kukho umbukiso, wenza ngokupheleleyo ngomthi.

Ukusuka eMoscow ku Yaroslavl nohola malunga 100 km ukuya kwisixeko Pereslavl. Kaloliwe Museum idume kakhulu kwezo ndawo. Kwakhona undixinzelele hangars, leyo culls kunye nezinye izixhobo kaloliwe.

Xa museum ungabona igumbi apho izixhobo walondoloza sesikhululo sikaloliwe esidala, yaye kwelinye igumbi nezona nkcukacha zincinane olunokuveliswa komorki ngaphakathi segosa umsebenzi station.

Kucelwa abakhenkethi nako thaca emkhosini kunye nezixhobo zezolimo.

Museum ezitshala gauge kaloliwe e Warsaw

Apha oko kuboniswa ingqokelela enkulu ezitshala izithuthi gauge kaloliwe: ngaphezulu kwe-100 zikaloliwe, zikaloliwe zombane kunye idizili, neenqwelwana kunye railcars.

Avuleke kakhulu umdla zezi:

• chaise Yuzefa Pilsudskogo;
• Sibona "Warsaw";
• imoto saloon Military;
• wagon Onyuswe g / d;
• iqonga izithuthi ngokukhawuleza emthethweni;
• Polish zikaloliwe gauge emxinwa ezindala (1882-1883 gg.).

Kuyinto le imiboniso odumileyo Warsaw. Kaloliwe Museum kubekho iiholo ezimbini mboniso, leyo ngeposi endala iifoto, imifanekiso, amatikiti, ifom sikaloliwe, amaxwebhu, ushicilelo nezibane.

ixabiso Historical sinayo indawo yokwenene umsebenzi isilawuli, nto leyo lixhotyiswe izixhobo ezidlulileyo eziqaphelekayo.

Kubonakala ngathi yimyuziyam lwezixhobo kaloliwe Rostov-na-Donu?

Iqulethe imiboniso ezifana zikaloliwe kwangaphambili-imfazwe, umba yasemva kwemfazwe, zikaloliwe idizili, zikaloliwe zombane, milenge kunye nezithuthi ezizodwa.

A indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba isixeko mayidlalwe lolondolozo kaloliwe koololiwe umphunga. Rostov-on-Don sibamba ngazibini kuye zaye zasasazeka kakhulu phakathi abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe.

Kwiqoqo yakhe kukho nkqu iqhekeza esinjalo, efana kaloliwe German kuthinjwa. Kwaye ungabona lwaziwa ngabantu abasuka ngembumbulu kwi ezinye iimodeli. Kunika umdla ukujonga iimoto pre-imfazwe, ezibandakanya ifriji, amatanki amafutha, iinqwelo yokuhamba kwabasebenzi kunye neempahla, kunye nomkhosi kunye neemoto ezikhethekileyo - ikomkhulu North Caucasus Military District.

Railway Museum e Nizhny Novgorod

Enye museum adumileyo zikaloliwe umphunga. Nizhny Novgorod (kwisithili Kanavinsky) eyaqaliswa ngo-1996, bonke abahlali kunye nabakhenkethi le "ubuncwane kwezixhobo kaloliwe yimbali." Le museum lincinane zikaloliwe amadala phambi kwechibi (ukuhlela lali).

Avuleke bahlangana kuvimba wakhe ukususela ngowe-1993. Uyakwazi ukubona zikaloliwe elinesihlanu ubudala, nganye eneyazo imbali yayo umdla. lubonakalisiwe lwasekhaya, isiJamani kunye Swedish izixhobo kwi Museum: mveliso, iilori, kakade, zikaloliwe umkhweli.

Ngoko ke, ukuqokelelwa endala izixhobo kaloliwe iye Saint Petersburg eMoscow, kunye Nizhny Novgorod kunye Pereslavl, kunye Warsaw. Kaloliwe Museum - yindawo apho unokungenelela umva ngemihla yamandulo, abone ukubaluleka imbali umboniso ngamnye.