"Isabelo segolide" ... "Isabelo segolide": inkcazo, iimpawu kunye neemfuno

Eli gama alilo elitsha kwihlabathi, nakwelizwe lethu. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo abaninzi banokuqala ukujongana nayo, ngoko kunqabileyo bakuva kumajelo aseburhulumenteni nakwimibutho engaziwayo, nangona kubalulekile. Ngako oko, kuya kuba yinto engafanelekanga ukwenza oko "isabelo segolide", yiyiphi amalungelo anika umnikazi wayo, kwaye yintoni na inendawo phakathi kwezinye iziqinisekiso.

Ncinane malunga nokukhushulwa

Ukuqala, kulungele ukuhamba ngeenkcukacha ngokusisiseko. Isenzo (ukusuka kwisiLatini actio - ilungelo elithile into enokukhuselwa enkundleni) ngumba obalulekileyo (umba-mkhupha) iphepha elinika umnini-mnikazi wakhe amandla athile:

1. Unelungelo lokufumana inxalenye yengeniso yenkampani eyayikhupha.
2. Unelungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba ekulawuleni imicimbi yombutho okhuphayo.
3. Ilungelo lokufumana isabelo esifanelekileyo kwipropati yenkampani xa kwenzeka ukuba i-bankruptcy okanye ityala.

Iintlobo zezabelo

Izabelo zihlukaniswe zibe zimbini iindidi ezinkulu:

1. Elula - eyona eqhelekileyo kwaye eqhelekileyo. Umnini wabo unelungelo lokumhlawula igalelo (isabelo sakhe kwimali yentlangano), ukuba athathe inxaxheba kumgaqo-nkqubo weenkampani (ngokuqhelekileyo le nto ivoti kwintlanganiso yabanini-nxaxheba) kunye nokufumana inxalenye yepropathi ngenxa yokucinywa kweenkampani. Zonke izabelo zolu hlobo zinenani elifanayo kwintsebenziswano, ziyafumana izahlulo ezifanayo ngokwemigangatho.
2. I-Prefs (inelungelo) - abanikazi babo abanalo ivoti kwiintlanganiso eziqhelekileyo, kodwa izabelo zithengwe kwindawo yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ngabanikazi abaphambili abagqibayo ukucima okanye ukulungelelanisa iqumrhu. Unelungelo lokuvota nangona ukuthotyelwa kwesigqibo ngabanye abanini-nxaxheba batshintsha utshintsho lwabo imisebenzi kunye namagunya.

Ukwahlula ukwahlula:

• Kwizabelo ezikhethiweyo - kunye nesahlulo esicwangcisiweyo kunye nesabelo sepropati, xa kuthengiswa;
• Ukuqokelela (ukuqokelela) - uxanduva lokuhlawula izabelo kubanikazi babo luqokelelwe ixesha elithile.

Ukongezelela, kukho ukwahlula kwezabelo ngokungaziwa (kubhalisiwe kunye nomphathi). Kwamanye amazwe kunokwenzeka ukuba nezo zinto zibizwa ngokuba yi-share share - ukunika abaqulunqi bemibutho ethile inzuzo.

Urhulumente kunye negama elithi "isabelo segolide"

Ingcamango ye-Golden Share ichaza isabelo esithile esikhethiweyo, unike umnini wayo inombolo ekhethekileyo yeenzuzo ezingaba nabani na abanini-nxaxheba beli nkampani. Ngokutsho komqulu wenkampani, uluhlu lwamalungelo alufanelekanga nakwabanye abanikazi.

Kwakhona, "isabelo segolide" ligama elingqinelana nomthetho wenkampani, ophethwe nguRhulumente, ongowomnye wabanini-masheya benkampani. Amagunya anjalo asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kummandla waseBrithani, eSenegal, eFransi, eMalaysia, eBelarus, eItali. Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi, iBhanki ePhakathi ayinikezeli ilungelo lokuvota, kodwa iqinisekisa ilungelo lokarhulumente ukutshintsha utshintsho lweminye imigaqo ebalulekileyo yerenti yenkampani.

Abanikazi "bezabelo zegolide"

"Isabelo segolide" - yintoni le? Kwishishini lentsapho, kukho umendo wokudlulisela amaxwebhu anjalo kumntu wesithathu-nxaxheba ukuze kulungiswe iingxabano ngaphakathi kwintsapho malunga neendlela zokulawula inkampani. Kukho na matyala xa amaqumrhu amakhulu, okwenza amashishini abo azimeleyo, abe ngabanikazi be "share share" yelokugqibela, ukuze umphathi omtsha angayi kulahla ishishini ngokusekelwe kwiminqweno yakhe kuphela.

Ukuthenga okunjalo ukhuseleko akunakwenzeka - "izabelo zegolide" aziyiyo yokuhambisa kwiimarike zokhuseleko.

"Isabelo segolide" kunye namalungelo anikwe "isabelo segolide"

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, into ebalulekileyo ebangela ukuba iSabelo soMninimzi somnini wayo siveto kwizigqibo ezicwangcisiweyo zabanye abanini-nxaxheba. Sinokuthi ngaloo ndlela urhulumente ubeka umda welungelo eliphantsi lokulawula umgaqo walo wangaphakathi. Kodwa kunye "umtyalo-mali" wegolide angakwazi ukuthintela isigqibo sokuba athengise inkampani, ukuxhamla kwayo enye inkampani.

"Isabelo segolide" kwaye sinelungelo lokuvimba isigqibo sokhetho lomntu kwiBhodi yabaLawuli, ukuseka inani elikhulu lezabelo ezinokuba ngumnini okanye omnye wabanikazi bawo. Ngamanye amaxesha abanikazi bamaxwebhu anjalo bafumana inani elongezelelweyo lamaxabiso. Umnini-shareholder onjalo unelungelo lokugcina isigqibo sentlanganiso yabalawuli bexesha elide kwiinyanga ezintandathu.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngaphandle kwalapho "isabelo segolide" sisesandleni seburhulumenteni, imbambano yale ndlela yokukhuseleko yingozi enkulu yenkampani. Emva koko, umninimzi unokuncedisa ukuxhamla inkampani, ukunqumla iBhodi yabaLawuli babantu abayimfuneko, ukumisela ukuvinjelwa kwezigqibo ezibalulekileyo ezicwangcisiweyo.

"Izabelo zegolide" kwiRussia Federation

Ingqiqo yaqala ukunyaliswa ngo-1992, kwisiGqibo esingu-1392 soMongameli waseRussia Federation "Kwiimilinganiselo zokuphumeza umgaqo-nkqubo wezentengiselwano kwimibutho yamashishini karhulumente." Emva koko intloko kaRhulumente ikhishwe iSigqibo No. 2284 esichaza ukuba urhulumente welizwe unakho ukubuyisela izabelo zayo kwanoma yiyiphi inhlangano ebunini bombuso "ngesabelo segolide". Isigqibo esinjalo sasimfuneko xa udlulisela amabhizinisi karhulumente kwinkqubo yokubaluleka kwiimeko zeenkampani ezibambisene nazo.

"Isabelo segolide" kule meko kukhuseleko lweshishini ukususela kwizigqibo zokuhlaselwa ngabanikazi abatsha.

Ngokwale mi miselo, urhulumente unelungelo lokumisela abameli egameni layo kwiibhodi zabalawuli nabaphicothi-zincwadi zee-JSC ezisandul 'ukusekwa kumanqanaba karhulumente, ommandla nakwimimandla karhulumente. Laba babameli babe nelungelo lokuvota:

• Ukwenza nayiphi na inguqu okanye ukongezwa kwirekhodi lomqulu wenkampani;
• Ukuvunyelwa komqulu kwiinguqu ehlaziyiweyo;
• Ukuvunyelwa kwemali, ukuqokelelwa kwekhomishishini yokucinywa, kwaye, ngokwenene, ukuchithwa kwe-OJSC;
• Utshintsho kwi-capital capital;
• Ukupheliswa kwemicimbi emikhulu ekuncedeni amaqela anomdla.

Ingongoma ebalulekileyo - ukuba "igolide CB" ihlukaniswe ngumnikazi wayo, ngoko ngoko ilahlekelwa yimo yayo ngokukhawuleza, ifikelele kwinqanaba lekhuseleko elingaqhelekanga.

"Isabelo segolide" sinomnqweno wokukhusela iqumrhu layo ukusuka ekuthatyathwa kwamankunzi angaphandle. Ngokomzekelo, "iYandex" idluliselwe eSberbank yaseRussia njengeBhanki Ephakathi kunye nelungelo lokuvota malunga nezigqibo ezinxulumene nokufuduka kweyona nxalenye ephambili yabatyala-mali.