Cloud Computing

Ngoku kutshanje, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, amaninzi anjengokuthi "ukugcinwa kwefu" kunye ne "ifu yombomfu" itholakala kwinethiwekhi. Kubonakala ngathi indlela yokusebenzisa olu hlobo lwenkonzo iyaqhubeka. Masizame ukufumanisa ukuba zezi zithini iingcinga.

Ngoko, yintoni i-computing yefu? Le ngongoma epheleleyo ebandakanya ukuqhuba nokusebenza kwezifayile kwifayile yefayili yomnatha efakwe kumshini wendawo, ngelixa iiprogram ngokwazo kunye nedatha yazo yomsebenzi zifumaneka kwiseva elide kwindawo ethile kwinethiwekhi.

Ngamanye amazwi, i-computing yefu isofthiwe kunye ne-hardware efikeleleke kumsebenzisi ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yendawo okanye yangaphandle kwi-network ngenkonzo yenkonzo eyenza ukwazi ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezizinikeleyo (idatha, iinkqubo, i-computing resources) nge-interface yolwazi kunye nokufikelela kude.

Ikhomputha yendawo yomsebenzisi iba kulo mzekelo isigxina esiqhelekileyo esixhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi. Ezi ncedisi ezivelisa i-computing yefu zibizwa ngokuba yi-compute cloud. Umthwalo oomatshini abangene "kwifu" elinjalo uhanjiswa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngaloo ndlela, ifu yekhompyutha i-supercomputer, ngezinye izikhathi iqukethe inani elikhulu kakhulu loomatshini.

Umzekelo olula we-computing yefu yiinkonzo zontanga-peer (p2p okanye oontanga-oontanga). Le ngcamango nguYohn McCarthy. Nguye lowo ngo-1960, ngokokuqala ngqa, wacetyiswa ukuba kwixesha elizayo "izixhobo zoncedo lonke" ziya kusetyenziselwa ukubala kwekhompyutha. Nangona kunjalo, njengawuphi na iteknoloji, i-computing yefu inezinzuzo ezingenakuphika kunye neziphene ezicasulayo.

Inzuzo:

• Ukunciphisa imfuno yokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-PC (kuphela ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi kunyanzelekile);
• U khu seleko;
• Ukunyamezela;
• Ukukhawuleza kokucwangciswa kwedatha;
• Ukugcina indawo yendawo yediski;
• Ukunciphisa amandla, ukugcinwa, iifayili kunye neendleko ze-hardware.

Iingxaki ze "ubuchwepheshe befu":

• Ukubonakala kweemonopolists ezinika iinkonzo kule ndawo;
• Ukuxhomekeka kokukhuseleko kwedatha yomsebenzisi kwifayili yenkampani.

Okwangoku, i-computing yefu isetyenziswa ngamaqela athile. Umzekelo ocacileyo wale nkonzo yeGoogle Amadokhumenti, apho igosa elidumileyo linika abasebenzisi balo. Ivumela ukusebenzisa isiphequluli ukuba isebenze nawaphi na amaxwebhu eofisi.

Okwangoku, i-Yahoo!, I-Intel ne-HP zenze i-laboratory evulekileyo ye-computing Test Bed, ehlanganisa amaziko amaninzi. Injongo yale projekthi uphando kunye nophuhliso kwinkalo ye-computing yefu.

IMicrosoft ayimelanga. Ukuqala ngoJulayi 2012, ukuthengisa ngokusemthethweni kwenkqubo esebenzayo yefayile yeWindows Azure iqalile eRashiya. I-Google iphinde ikhiphe inkqubo yayo yokusebenza efu, ebizwa ngokuba yi - Google Chrome OS.

Phakathi kwezinye ii-OSes ezifanayo kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela eYe OS, iCloud, Cloudo, CorneliOS, Ghost.cc, Glide OS kunye ne-iCube OOS. Ngo-Oktobha 2012, i-TransOS efakwe kwi-Yunivesithi yaseTsinghua, e-Beijing. Isici esahlukileyo sale ntshaba kukuba, njengoko abathuthuli besithi, baya kuba nako ukulawula iikhomputha kuphela, kodwa kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa kunye nezixhobo zasemakhaya, njengemishini yokuhlamba kunye namafriji. Kwakhona iphelele kumadivayisi eselula.

Isitoreji sefu sinikeza ithuba elihle kubasebenzisi abangenayo indawo kwi-drive ekhuni ukugcina yonke inkcazelo ebalulekileyo kwinethiwekhi. Ngexesha elifanayo, ungasebenzisa ukufikelela okulinganiselwe, okukhululekile. Qaphela ukugcina okuthandwayo, njenge-Dropbox (2 GB ezamahala), e-Disk (i- flash-drive idrayivu ye-4 GB), i-Google Drayivu (i-5 GB ekhululekile), iCloud (i-Apple fans), iMicrosoft SkyDrive kunye neYandex.Disk.

Njengoko sikwazi ukubona, ubuchwepheshe befu ubuchwepheshe kunye nokugcinwa kwefu baye baba yingxenye yobomi bethu. Ubu bungqina bokuba yile nyaniso yokuba ngokwe-TADVISER, ngo-2014 imali engenayo evela kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zefu iya kuba yi-148.8 yezigidigidi zeedola.