Inkqubo yesigwebo se-US kunye nesakhiwo sayo

Amagunya aseburhulumenteni ase-US, njengakweyiphi na ilizwe elithile lentando yesininzi, enye yeentsika ezintathu zenkqubo yelizwe. Ngokubambisana noMongameli kunye neCongress, iNkundla ePhakamileyo, ngokubhekiselele kuMgaqo-siseko we- United States of America, ungenye yezona zimeko eziphezulu zolawulo, kunye namagunya karhulumente. Kodwa ekubeni ilizwe liyinxalenye yoluntu oluzimeleyo, into ebonakalayo yenkqubo yezogwebo yinto yokungabikho kwenkqubo ehlangeneyo. Singatsho ukuba kwintsimi yombuso ngexesha elifanayo kunamacandelo angama-50 ahlukeneyo, amajelo afanayo e-state ngalinye kunye ne-network ehlukeneyo yomnatha.

Ukungabikho komgca owodwa ogqithisileyo obonakalayo kwisigqeba sonke sobulungisa baseMelika sichazwa yimfuneko yembali eye yachaphazela ukubunjwa kwenkqubo yezomthetho kwiphondo ngalinye. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ungabalulekanga iimpawu eziphambili zecandelo lezithili zobulungisa ekusetyenzisweni kwenkqubo yokugweba yaseMelika. Ezi zintathu (kwiindawo ezincinci okanye kwizithili, okanye ngobukhulu bendawo, zimbini) amanqanaba olawulo oluqhelekileyo, olongezelelwe ngamacandelo onke amaziko anamagunya athile. Isinyathelo sokuqala kule sakhiwo yiinkalo zesithili zolawulo olubanzi. Baqala ukuphulaphula amatyala aseburhulumenteni kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho, ngaphandle kokuba abo, ngokwemiqathango yabo, kufuneka baqwalaselwe ngamasebe akhethekileyo.

Inkqubo yesigwebo se-US iye yavelisa ezininzi zeemfundo ezizodwa ezizodwa. Kwamanye amazwe, oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumagunya omkhosi, kodwa apha sibona uluhlu oluninzi lwee-lawsuits kunye neemeko ezithunyelwa kule mizimba. Oku kunokuba, umzekelo, iinkqubo zengxaki zentsha, ubundlobongela basekhaya, ukuchithwa kwebhanki, ukugxeka inxaxheba ngenxa yokwahlula komhlaba phakathi kwabanikazi, amatyala malunga neerhafu, urhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nabanye. Kwiinkantolo zesithili zolawulo olubanzi, kukho amantyi omanyano anemisebenzi encedisayo, kwaye aqhube amatyala amacala amancinci angenanto engaphezulu kwama-R100 okanye unyaka wokuvalelwa entolongweni.

Ukuba ummi unqwenela ukucela umngeni kwisigwebo okanye isigqibo senkundla yokuqala, inkundla yesigwebo se-US imnika ithuba: kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba ithumele isikhalazo esifanelekileyo kwisinye seziganeko ezi-13 ezibhengezwayo ezenziwe ngowe-1891 kwaye zenze isinyathelo esiphakathi phakathi kweekholegi zesithili kunye neNkundla ePhakamileyo. EU.SA. Ummandla wendawo nganye enkundleni iya kufikelela kwinani elithile lamazwe (amathathu ukuya kweshumi). Iintlanganiso ziya kubakho ilungu elikhethekileyo leNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-US, eyabelwe eli ziko.

Kwi-federal level, inkqubo yesigwebo se-US ibandakanywa kwiimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo zezinga "ezingaphezulu" kunye neNkundla Ephakamileyo yeli lizwe njengomzimba omkhulu. Kukho abagwebi abayisithoba kulo. Bonke baqeshwe nguMongameli kwaye badlulise inkqubo yokuvunywa kwiSenethi. Ngaphezulu kwaye umise uMongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo. Izigqibo kulo mzimba zamukelwa yi-quor xa abantu abathandathu bevota. Ubukhosi beli nkundla bubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezikhalazo ezimalunga namaziko omzekelo ophantsi ukuba zijongene nemibandela yokubaluleka komthetho okanye isigqibo senziwe ngokwemithetho ephikisana noMgaqo-siseko we-United States of America. Njengenqanaba lokuqala leenkqubo, iinkundla zentlangano zijongene namacala omgaqo-karhulumente okanye amacala afaka i-patents, ukuxhatshazwa kwezilwandle, iifayile zobungqina kunye nabathunywa belizwe.

Inkqubo yenkundla yaseUnited States ayikhawulelwanga kwimida yelizwe. Amagunya olawulo lwesithili afaka isicelo kwiindawo ezine kwamanye amazwe (umzekelo, ePuerto Rico) phantsi kolawulo lwe-United States. Njengoko sibona, inkqubo enkulu yobulungisa inikeza ulondolozo lwabemi baseMelika kunye nelungelo lokubhenela kuwo onke amanqanaba. Kuloluhlu olude lungafaka kwakhona iikholeji zezizwe ezisebenzayo kwiindawo zokugcina abantu basekuhlaleni. Bajongana neengxabano phakathi kwamaNdiya-malungu ekuhlaleni.