Inkqubo yegazi abantu kwaoko igazi

NgoLwesithathu, ezifana igazi, kwakukho ixesha elide eyadlulayo, ngexesha imbonakalo eziphilayo zokuqala multicellular. Kuyaqondakala ukuba eziphilayo-eyodwa enye onjalo angafunekiyo imeko. Kodwa wanika ezi ndidi push yendaleko phambili - kwafuneka kwiseli ukuba alinde de isidlo esilandelayo iya kuba, kodwa iiseli eziphilayo ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo ukutya ngakumbi stably. Izityalo nalo imvelaphi efanayo. Kanti ke, eli nqaku liza kuxubusha inkqubo yokujikeleza yabantu.

imisebenzi Iintlobo ngeentlobo ukuba ulwelo ebomvu emzimbeni. inkqubo Complex kunye kwegazi. Igazi ithwala imisebenzi ezi-6.

1. It "feeds" iiseli kunye nezondlo.
2. Kubahlangula inkunkuma.
3. Wazibandakanya thermoregulation, ngokubonelela iimeko ezingcono.
4. Lithe laqhenqetha ngokusebenzisa nabalawuli zomzimba - iihomoni.
5. Wazibandakanya kwi omzimba xa umzimba kusizela ngesiquphe kungena "embi".
6. Ixhasa nokwakhiwa kokusingqongileyo rhoqo lwangaphakathi.

Iiseli esafunyanwa kuphela ngenkulungwane ye-18 ngokusebenzisa neemicroscope fyabo. Kodwa kukho nenye licandelo igazi - plasma, inxalenye ulwelo kwayo. Noko ke, plasma isekhona izihlandlo eziliqela viscous ngaphezu kwamanzi, ekubeni iqulethe iiprothini. Ukanti negalelo elibonakalayo ukuya viscosity yegazi wazisa erythrocytes. Xa sukuba thina sisiva ubunzima ukusuka emzimbeni, le sikhula kwegazi (oku kwenzeka xa ukubila ngokugqithisileyo kunye nesifo sorhudo).

Uninzi zonke iiseli ezibomvu, zinika umbala. Kwakhona equlethwe kuwo, yaye abalindi ekhuselekileyo ukukhusela nxamnye izifo - lymphocyte, neeplatelets ezingaphezu ukuba asivumeli igazi ngokupheleleyo inxeba encinane. Yinto zonke ngalo igazi, kodwa unomdla inkqubo yokujikeleza lonke zomntu apha liphela, akunjalo?

Oku kuquka, ukongeza egazini, nkqu nempahla intliziyo negazi. Amaninzi kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwaye emithanjeni ithathwa, kuba nkovu ukuya igazi kudibene. Kanti ke phepha, sicinga kuphela isakhiwo kwegazi.

Intliziyo - kunzima kakhulu ingalo amalungiselelo kunye nendlela ulawulo oluzimeleyo, kodwa lo mbono samkelwa ixesha elide. Intliziyo okunempilo iquka imithambo emibini kunye ventricles ezimbini. Inxalenye iphambili inhliziyo - myocardium - uye unikezelo layo igazi lakhe. Regurgitation entliziyweni oluqhelekileyo akwenzeki ngenxa yokuba yokumiswa ezikhethekileyo valve kwentliziyo. Ukuba tyhala ucango luvula kumgaqo "on", Akusayi kukha angene egumbini emva kocango. Imeko esifanayo usegazini, kodwa "ukutsala ucango," ngokungafaniyo nawe, akakwazi. inkqubo Human kwegazi yenzelwe ngokugqibeleleyo.

Kwi-kwemithambo yegazi kude entliziyweni ngenxa yegazi - uza kuye. In the kwegazi (ukusuka ventricle ekhohlo ukuya kumalungu kunye ubuyele intendelezo ekunene) e imithambo yegazi ioksijini-sisityebi, obomvu oqaqambileyo. Ngemithambo yalo Isangqa na ubumnyama, ezele carbon dioxide. Esangqeni encinane (ukusuka ventricle ilungelo imiphunga, yaye kubo ukuya intendelezo ekhohlo) - phezu koko.

Kuzo zonke ulwelo leyo iqulathe inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, 80% ukususela umthambo. Phakathi emithanjeni ngoba inani elikhulu leeyunithi microscopically ezincinane - capillary. Kwemithambo wesangqa enkulu igazi ukuya lula - amandla ezininzi kutsha nje iye yazuza ngokusuka entliziyweni. Kodwa emithanjeni kakhulu nzima ngakumbi - ukufumana umva, ngokufuthi nxamnye womxhuzulane, igazi zityhalelwa yi kwezivalo ezizodwa. Nokunceda ezi kwemithambo kwezihlunu oluqhelekileyo skeletal. Ngoko ke, ukuze uphephe imithambo varicose ayithandeki apha emilenzeni, kufuneka bazibandakanye rhoqo nawuphi na umdlalo, leyo ababandakanyekayo unyawo. Ngenxa yokuba izihlunu emilenzeni yakho ukunceda igazi ukuvuka ngasentla.

Njengoko ubona, inkqubo yokujikeleza yabantu kuvumela zonke abaninzi imisebenzi igazi, yaye nokuthintela izifo kufuneka kujongwane nayo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ukuze umntu esempilweni kwanele ukutya ekunene kwaye besempilweni eliphakathi.