Inkqubo Versailles-Washington

Versailles-Washington inkqubo yehlabathi wadalwa victor emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala. Phakathi kwezi ithi, kuqala kwiinto zonke, kwakukho UK, eFransi, USA ne Japhani. Injongo yawo ukudityaniswa redivision yehlabathi. Enyanisweni, ndayalelwa nje kuphela amazwe baphulukana imfazwe, kodwa nxamnye eSoviet Union. Kwakhona, inkqubo wafuna ukugcina ubudlelwane kunye ukucinezela zomzabalazo wenkululeko amakoloni.

intliziyo Europe ngayo nkqubo iSivumelwano Versailles ngo-1919, kwakunye Saint-Germain (1920), Noyisky (1919) kunye Trianon (1920), Sevres (1920) izivumelwano uxolo kunye nezivumelwano ziye zathathelwa ngexesha Washington Conference ka-1921-22 . Noko ke, nangona impumelelo, inkqubo Versailles-Washington yaba kakhulu ingazinzi, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukuwa kwayo ekuqaleni imfazwe nokuba anegazi ngakumbi.

inkqubo Uqalo lilungiswe izisombululo eParis kunye Conference Washington. Yenza kube lula ukunciphisa kakhulu imimoya ehlabathini ekhoyo emva kwemfazwe. Kwaba yimfuneko yokuhlaziya imigaqo yobudlelwane bezizwe, ethe yabonakalisa kwizithuba ezinkulu athathwa amagunya. Kuye kwaqatshelwa ilungelo self-determination kuzo zonke izizwe, uyalahlwa categorical lemfazwe njengendlela ukusombulula iingxabano ekhoyo ehlabathini.

Umcimbi ebalulekileyo eli xesha yaba kukudala uManyano Lwezizwe. Iqela kumazwe aseYurophu lazimela, ziyakwamkelwa kwamanye amazwe.

Intlekele eyehlele i-nkqubo Versailles-Washington ngenxa yokuba isigqibo Entente amagunya ubuzaza ngokutsha post-imfazwe yadluliselwa izizwe oyiswe ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo ukuba akukho kuphinda ezazikho korhulumente kwezopolitiko, Babethwele uxanduva lokulungiselela ukuqala imfazwe. Abaphumeleleyo ukubeka ukulungiswa, ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo amathuba yokwenene kwamazwe babemele babhatale. Ngoko ke, waphakamisa naloo ubuzwe First World, akazange abalali kuphela, kodwa waqala ukuba avuke noba ngenkuthalo ngakumbi.

Soviet Russia engaphandle nkqubo. Amagunya Entente wabona njengento umngcatshi, leyo waqukumbela utshaba lwabo eqhelekileyo a uxolo eyahlukileyo. Ukongeza, urhulumente yamaBolshevik waye wadibana namahlakani ezikhohlakeleyo, ngexesha 1918-19 ungenelelo azama ukuba abawise kuye. Le mfazwe yamakhaya, uhamba eRashiya, apho ngokusemthethweni livunyelwe ukuba zikwacela iikhokeli yayo kule nkomfa. Emva kokugqitywa kwalo, eRashiya waba urhulumente inkulu ehlabathini, yaye ukuphendula nokungahoywa Amanyeneyo bayo, waba ngokuchasene nkqubo.

Enye into ebangela ekuweni inkqubo Versailles-Washington, ukuba amagunya noloyiso akazange athathe ingqalelo iziphumo oqoqosho izivumelwano waqukumbela ngabo, kunene sithanda ukuhlutywa uqoqosho lwehlabathi loo ntlawulo ukuba oko phantsi amandla. Iintlawulo nowokunceda kwakhokelela ukukhusele amaqhina yezoqoqosho wooyise phakathi kwamazwe amabini.

Kwizizwe zeli amathanga isiJamani Ottoman, nasemva kokuba imfazwe wahlala kwindawo enye, hayi ebamkele ukuzimela elide lulindelwe. Kubo, wadala inkqubo igunya, leyo, eneneni, akukho ezahlukeneyo ukusuka lobukoloniyali.

A impazamo leyo ukuba inkqubo Versailles-Washington yaye unamagunya athini kwanyanzeleka ukuba asayine isivumelwano oselula German karhulumente uxolo nabanyelisi iimeko zakhe.

Nokuzinziswa ubudlelwane kwihlabathi emva kokudalwa le nkqubo yabonakala kuphela kanye ekuqaleni ikhona, kwi-20. Ingqwalasela eSoviet Union kwakhona negalelo kule sinjalo. Ngowe-1922 eRussia okokuqala bayamenywa ukuba Genoa ukuba kwingqungquthela yamazwe ngamazwe malunga nemiba yezoqoqosho. Xa indlela yayo eSoviet Union kunye iJamani watyikitywa i Rapallo iSivumelwano, ngokuvuma ukususa amabango efanayo, ngaloo ndlela ukuseka ubudlelwane nentsebenziswano nawo.

Khona inkqubo Versailles-Washington de phakathi kwinkulungwane yama-20 - phambi kokuqala i Second World War.