Ingaba iikati zihlukaniswa nombala, okanye izixhobo zamehlo ezifuyo

Iintlobo zeekati neekati zifana nabantu, kodwa zisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngaba iikati zinombala ofanayo? Iimvakalelo zezilwanyana zenzelwe ukulungiselela uncedo lokuzingela. Nangona isilwanyana sinombono ocacileyo ngumzingeli.

Umbono ebusuku

Amehlo ekati ngokumalunga nobukhulu bomzimba mkhulu. Ziye zithinteka ngakumbi ekukhanyeni kuneziko zomntu. Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwamehlo omntu kunye nesilwanyana, kwaye akukona ngokuchanekileyo ukuthetha ngomnini wombono obalaseleyo "ubona njengekati". Abameli bamaqabane babonakala ngokugqithiseleyo ekukhanyeni okubi: badinga ukukhanya malunga namaxesha angaphantsi kwama-7 ngaphantsi komntu. Kodwa ukukhanya okukhazimulayo, ngokuchaseneyo, kwenza ukuba umbono wabo ubonakale kunzima.

Le ngenye yezinto eziqhelekileyo ezibonakalayo kubahlobo bethu bomlilo. Kucaciswa isakhiwo esikhethekileyo seemibono zombono. Emva kwe-retina yeliso lekati yimbumba ebonakalayo, efana nesilinganisi seentlanzi - i-tapetum. Ihlanganisa i-fundus, yenza umsebenzi ocacileyo, kwaye inika isilwanyana ngokubonakala kakuhle ngexesha lokuhlwa. Ukukhawuleza kuyo, ukukhanya kubuyela emuva kwi-retina, okwandisa ukucaca kwembono ebumnyameni. Indlela iikati ezahlula ngayo imibala ayihambelani nale nxalenye.

Iimpawu zengcinga yekati

Ukuba khona kwe-tapetum lucidum kunika itekisi ebona ubusuku obulungileyo, kodwa kwakhona kunzima ukwenza umsebenzi obonakalayo ekukhanyeni okukhulu. Yingakho, ngokukhanya okukhazimulayo, isilwanyana asikwazi ukuqonda ngokukhawuleza nantoni na. "Amehlo" enkampu ngenxa yoluhlu olufanayo lokubonakalisa, kwaye ukufezekisa le mpawu, ufuna ubuncinane umthombo wokukhanya.

Ebumnyameni obumnyama, ayigcinwa. Oku kuchazwa ngokulula: i-tapetum ibonisa kuphela iincinci ezikhanyayo, kodwa azizikhupha. Ngoko ke, ebumnyameni obumnyama, njengomntu, ikati ayikwazi ukubona. Ekubeni izitho zeso silwanyana azikude kunye nomnye umjelo, imifanekiso yesiso esinye nesibini iyafana, kodwa ayifani ngokufanayo. Lo mahluko unikezela umfanekiso wesithathu wokugqibela, oko kukuthi, isithathu-ntathu. Ngamanye amazwi, umbono wezilwanyana unobuncino.

Ngaba iikati zinombala ofanayo?

Ngenkqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izilwanyana zasebusuku zilungelelanisa ukubonwa kwelanga: ziyabona ukuba kukho ukunyakaza okumnyama. Kodwa ngenxa yale mpawu ephawulekayo baye babingelela abanye - ukungafani kunye nokukwazi ukubona imibala eyahlukeneyo. Ngaba iikati zibona umbala? Kungekudala kudlulelwe ukuba bayabona kwaye bahlule kuphela abamhlophe nabamnyama kuphela. Le ngcamango yaba yinto engalunganga.

Izilwanyana ziyakwazi ukwahlula amathoni ayisisiseko kunye neendwangu ezininzi zegrey - kufika kuma-25. Iikati, njengabantu, zi-trichromates: zineentlobo ezi-3 zeesonte. Kodwa umbala wabo wembono uhluke kakhulu kumntu oqhelekileyo, ukukhumbuza umbono obaluleke kakhulu we-colorblind. Yimiphi imibala yemibala ukuba ikati iyahlula? Bakwazi ukubona iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo eziluhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa obomvu singabonwa njengento eluhlaza kunye ne-violet njengomthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kakade, i-palette ecebile yemibala kunye neendwangu, ezithi uHomo sapiens ubone kakuhle, ayifumaneki kwikhaya losapho.

Ukujongana nokujonga okanye ukujonga phambili?

Ubuninzi obubonakalayo bomntu onempilo ngu-1.0, ngelixa ikati eli nani lingafikelela kuphela 0.2 - 0.1. Ngamanye amazwi, yintoni umntu angayibona kumgama weemitha ezingama-60, ikati iyahlula kuphela ngo-6. Ingaba iikati zibonakalisa imibala ekhethiweyo, sele sibheke ngasentla. Ubume bubulumko: ukuzingela kakuhle isilwanyana esincinci sidinga ukukwazi ukubona izinto ezikufutshane.

Imibala egcweleyo kunye neenkcukacha ezincinci kumzingeli ebusuku zifikeleleke, kodwa akazinzi kakhulu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ubona ngcono kumnyama. Nangona umboniso obalaseleyo ubusuku unento echaseneyo. Ngaba iikati zinemibala phantsi kokukhanya okuqhelekileyo? Ngomhla, babona abantu abanjengabo baphula umthetho wobomi obomvu nobomvu. Bahlula ngokucacileyo ubuluhlaza, kodwa abafumani ulwahlulo olukhethekileyo phakathi kokubomvu, okuluhlaza kunye nomdaka.

Inyaniso

Ukuba uyilandela ngokucophelela i-pet, unokwazi ukuba uphendula ngokunyamezela okunyanisekileyo kunokuba kwenziwe ngokunyakaza. Izilwanyana zithatha ingqwalasela engakumbi kwiqela lokudlala eligubungela phantsi ngaphantsi kwento eguqukayo kwaye iphantsi. Inyaniso kukuba kunokuba iqaphele izinto ezihamba kwindawo ejikelezayo.

Inqaku elilandelayo elichaphazelekayo lamalungu omzimba wombono kukungabikho kwemisipha efunekayo ukulawula umlo we-lens. Ngenxa yoko, abakwazi ukugxila ingqalelo kwizinto ezikufutshane kakhulu, njengabantu. Ukuze bayibone, kufuneka bahambe.

Ikati inokukwazi ukubamba i-rodent ekhwela ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa into ehamba ngokukhawuleza ibukeka ingapheliyo. Ezi ziyimpawu zalabo "bahamba ngokwabo"!