Indlela ukufumana ilungelo umtshato?

Kwenzeka ukuze zingambi kakhulu, oku kwenzeka ngokufuthi - kutshanje klyavshiesya omnye obungunaphakade ukuthembeka kunye nothando abantu abasemzini epheleleyo, kunye ichulumancisayo kubo lo mbuzo kuba - ukufumana njani umtshato? Yintoni, ke, kukuba ukwenza okanye uyephi? Isahluko 4 loMthetho Federal kunye neSahluko 4 Code Family "On yeZenzo Status Civil" - isiseko imveliso yeengxoxo noqhawulo la malungiselelo.

Indawo yokuhlala yomyeni kunye / okanye umfazi okanye indawo ubhaliso karhulumente zomtshato, angenise isicelo kunobhala (joint), njengoko kubonisiwe kwinqaku 32 lomThetho Federal. Amaqabane banelungelo lokufaka isicelo umzimba, apho ngamnye kubo uyavuma umtshato kwaye akukho bantwana obudala kunye. Avumelekile kufakwa isicelo eyahlukileyo omnye wabalingane ukuba isizathu esilungileyo (uhambo ishishini ukugula, ixesha elide, njalo njalo). Noko ke, kule imeko, ukusayinwa unyango eyahlukileyo ngokuyimfuneko kufuneka kubameli.

Indlela Unokuwuqhawula umtshato ukuba amaqabane kufuneka abantwana kunye? Kwimeko ongasetyenziswayo kuyo lo mgaqo jikelele kucingwa ukuba ukuqatshelwa enye iperi olungekho okanye engathethekiyo, okanye isigwebo entolongweni (iminyaka emithathu) solo lwaphulo-mthetho, njengoko kuboniswe yi-Code Family (ubugcisa. 19, isitanza. 2). Kulo mzekelo ukutya indoda kunobhala / umfazi okanye omnye kubo njengommakishi echongiweyo (kwimeko incapacitation) (Art.16 SC n. 2).

Xa ixesha elabelwe liphela ngomhla lokufaka isicelo-mtshato (ngenyanga enye), kukho isenzo mtshato, inkqubo efunekayo ubukho ubuncinane omnye wabalingane (kwiSiqendu 33 woMthetho ibango 4, SC v. 19, n. 3). Umbuzo kukuba indlela yokufumana uqhawulo-mtshato, ediniwe - indoda kunye nomfazi bafumana isiqinisekiso esingqina lokuyeka umtshato wabo.

zempahla eso abekwa ityala ngenxa ubhaliso karhulumente mtshato (kuqukwa nomba izatifikethi-mtshato) kwi-mali engange-400. Xa kukho umtshato nomntu ongekho enetyala okanye bengento yanto, nestampu umsebenzi kusikwa phakathi kwaye engange-200.

Ungayifumana njani umtshato xa kungekho kungokuvumelana ukuba umtshato okanye umntwana ofanayo minor? Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuphela iinkundla. Ngapha koko, le ngxaki iya kusonjululwa phambi kwabagwebi kwaye xa elinye amaqabane ngaphambili wanika imvume umtshato-ofisi yobhaliso, kamva waqalisa bakubaleke mtshato (CK Art. 21). umsebenzi kaRhulumente engange 400 kuhlawulwa ibango (NK art. 333,19 ibango 1, umhlathi 5).

Indlela ukuba umntu amale umfazi wakhe ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe? Ngoko nangoko, unako imisela ukuba yonke mtshato akwenzeki ukuba iqabane ekhulelwe okanye umntwana unyaka omnye. Nokuba umntwana wafa, ngaphandle kwemvume umbuzo umfazi wakhe ngokuqhawula umtshato phambi kokuba unyaka akujongwa yinkundla. Kwezinye iimeko - kuphela ezinkundleni. Kwaye umfazi unelungelo yesondlo umyeni wakhe de umntwana efikelela kubudala beminyaka emithathu, Kakade ke, ukuba inxalenye owayesakuba ngumlingane zinganika isiqulatho (SC Code Inqaku 89 kumhlathi 2). Ukuchithwa umtshato ngaphandle kwemvume omnye wabalingane lwenziwa kwimeko apho inkundla kube nzima ukuqhubeka ulondolozo usapho kwaye wabelane indawo yabo.

Kwezinye iimeko, inkundla ungawuqwalaseli kwimeko komtshato ngaphandle kwemvume iqabane ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu. Ungayifumana njani umtshato kule meko? Emva kokuphela kwethuba ukuba uxolelwaniso, otyunjwe yinkundla kunye nomnqweno umtshato omnye isibini esitshatileyo nangoku alukapheli, kunye namanyathelo aziphumelelanga - inkundla iqwalasela ibango senziwa kwaye sokuchitha umtshato.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ngaxeshanye ekugcwaliseni ibango kwi ukupheliswa komtshato, abo bantu enkundleni zivumelwano zilandelayo: malunga ukwahlulwa kwepropati, isondlo, indawo yokuhlala olunye umntwana minor jikelele. Xa ezi zivumelwano abangekhoyo, umfazi unalo ilungelo lokuba ekuphakamiseni umba kwemfuno ingqalelo le miba enkundleni kwiingxoxo komtshato (SC art. 24).