Imveliso enkulu yezabasebenzi yintoni ixabiso layo elilinganayo?

Naliphi na iqumrhu elenzayo, lisebenza ngenxa yesiphumo. Kwaye oku kubakho umphumo oveliswe. Imveliso yemveliso ingaba yinyani okanye ingabonakali. Kwitshini sokwakha umatshini, oomatshini bakhiqizwa njengemveliso yemveliso, iisandi kwi-factory candy, inani lezigulane ezinikezelwa kwicandelo lezonyango, kunye nenani labafundi abaneyunivesithi.

Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwemveliso. Yimali, izixhobo, umhlaba, ama-fossils, abasebenzi bezabasebenzi. Izabasebenzi nayo imveliso. Ikwahlula ngokubanzi, phakathi kunye nakwinqanaba. Imveliso enkulu yezabasebenzi yandisa ukwanda kweemveliso, okubangelwa ukwanda kwayo yunithi enye. Izinto eziseleyo zemveliso zihlala zingatshintshi.

Umkhiqizo omiselweyo wabasebenzi ukhula njani?

Umthamo wemveliso eveliswa yinkampani, ngokuqinisekileyo, ixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwinani labasebenzi. Umyinge wemveliso yezabasebenzi ibonisa ukusebenza (umkhiqizo) womsebenzi wendibano yonke. Ngokomzekelo, ii-masters ezingama-24 zenze ietafile ezili-10 ngeyure, kunye neenkosi ezili-12 zenye i-salon zenza umlinganiselo ofanayo ngexesha elifanayo. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi wabo uphumelele.

Yintoni ngokwenene ibonakalisa umkhiqizo ophantsi wezabasebenzi?

Imveliso emiselweyo yomsebenzi ilingana nokunyuka kwimiqulu yemveliso ehlukaniswe ngumthombo ochanekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, esi sibonakaliso sibonisa ukuba umkhiqizo owenyukayo ukwandiswa ngokusebenzisa isisombululo esitsha esisetyenziswayo kwiyunithi yexesha elifanayo. Umzekelo, uvimba olutsha lunokuba ngumsebenzi omtsha, izixhobo okanye iteknoloji.

Bangaphi abasebenzi abaqeshayo

Naliphi na inkampani elwela umsebenzi ophumeleleyo nophuhliso, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba bangaphi abantu abasebenzela umsebenzi ogqwesileyo. Kubonakala ngathi abasebenzi abaninzi, ukuphakama kwemveliso? Akunjalo.

Xa umlinganiselo wesigxina wezabasebenzi ufikelele kummandla ophezulu, ulingana nexabiso lemveliso emfutshane. Kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba ukwanda kwenani labaqeshwa kuya kubangela ukuncipha kweemveliso. Qinisekisa ukuba lo mlinganiso unokuba nokubala okhethekileyo, okuqwalasela ubuncinane ubuncinane beemveliso ezimbini kunye neengxowa-mali.

Uxhomekeke kumvuzo?

Ngokubala okulungileyo nokuchanekileyo, intloko yenkampani inokukwazi ukufumana intlawulo ephezulu kakhulu yokusebenza kwabasebenzi abaqashiweyo ngelixa ligcina ukukhula kwenkxaso yabashishini babo. Imirhumo kunye nemveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi yimiqondo engathembekiyo. Xa ishishini linomlinganiselo ophezulu wezinto ezichanekileyo kunye nenani labasebenzi abaqashiweyo, ukuveliswa komkhiqizo kwandisa. Ngenxa yoko, oku kukhokelela kumvuzo ozinzile. Ukuba le shishini alinayo imithombo echaseneyo ngokwaneleyo (umzekelo, inani elifanayo lentengo etyalomali kwimveliso), ngoko ukukhangwa kwamacandelo amasha abasebenzi kuya ekugqibeleni kuholele ekuveliseni umkhiqizo onciphiso, ochaphazelayo umvuzo wabasebenzi ngokubanzi.

Yonke inxulumene ngokufutshane kunye namafomula kunye nokubala

Ukuqwalasela ukuba, umkhiqizo omiselweyo wezabasebenzi ngumkhiqizo owongezelelweyo oveliswa ngokutsala i-unit unit eyongezelelweyo, kuyafuneka kwakhona ukuba unakekele ukutyalomali imali eyongezelelweyo kwimveliso. Umzekelo olula: ukuba iqumrhu libaleka ekuthengweni kweetoni ezili-100 zenyama yokuvelisa i-sausages, kunye nabasebenzi abayi-100 beenkampani zivelisa iimveliso, kunye nokunyuka kwabasebenzi abangaphezulu kwama-50, iqumrhu liya kunciphisa inzuzo yalo ngokuhlawula umvuzo ongezelelweyo kubasebenzi abatsha.

Yaye ubungakanani bemveliso bufana. Kuyavela, ngokunyuka kwinani labasebenzi, kubalulekile ukwandisa ukuthenga kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngoko ke, ukwandisa inkunzi mali. Kodwa ukwenzela ukuba imveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi kunye nenkunzi-mali etsalwa kwimveliso kufuneka ibe nexabiso elifanelekileyo. Okokuthi, inani elongezelelweyo lemveliso kufuneka lenze ingeniso yenkampani idlula inkcitho yenkcitho-mali.

Inqaku elithandekayo

Kakade, nawuphi na umphunga womsebenzi wokufumana umvuzo omkhulu emsebenzini. Imali iyadingeka ngokuyinhloko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziphathekayo. Ukusebenza okungakumbi, umntu uyafumana enye ingeniso. Oku kulungile. Kodwa ngaphezu kwexesha, xa ingeniso ikhula kakhulu kangangokuthi ihlanganisa zonke iimfuno eziphambili, kuza ixesha xa umqeshwa ekhetha ukuzonwabisa, kwaye angasebenzi. Yaye ayisayi kukhangela umkhiqizo omkhulu kwimisebenzi yabo. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokukhula komvuzo, umphumo wempembelelo ungqubuzana nefuthe lokufaka endaweni.

Akukho ku lahleka

Ukumisela inani elifanelekileyo labasebenzi abaqashiweyo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela zonke izikhombisi ezikhoyo. Le yinani labasebenzi kunye neendleko ezipheleleyo, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye nemveliso yonke. Ukuthatha umqeshwa omtsha, intloko yenkampani ibhekisela ukuba ingakanani imali engenayo evela emsebenzini wayo ihambelana neendleko ezingenakuphelelwa ngunyango wokuqesha kwakhe.

Kwaye kukho iingcamango ezinjalo njengemveliso engaphantsi kwezabasebenzi ngokwemali kunye nemveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi emzimbeni. Okokuqala, iindleko zabasebenzi zithathwa ingqalelo. Le yindleko yoshishino. Kwaye le mivuzo kufuneka ikhuphisane. Ngaphandle koko, abasebenzi abalungileyo baya kukhangela ezinye iifemu, apho umsebenzi wabo uya kuxabiswa. Ngexesha elifanayo, intloko yenkampani ayinalo ilungelo lokulungisa intlawulo yabasebenzi engaphezu kweengeniso ezenza umsebenzi womsebenzi, okanye ulingane nayo.

Iimpawu kunye neemfuneko zengamanje

Ngaphambi kokuba inzuzo yenkampani idlule iindleko zabasebenzi, umphathi wenkampani unokumema abasebenzi abatsha ukuba basebenze bafumane inzuzo eyongezelelweyo. Isibonakaliso semveliso emiselweyo yomsebenzi siya kukhula. Kodwa kukho enye indlela: ngaphandle kokwandisa abasebenzi, iqumrhu lifaka iindleko ezongezelelweyo kwiimodyuli zemveliso.

Ukuhlaziya izixhobo, ukwandisa umkhiqizo wabasebenzi ngenxa yale nto, inkampani izinika ngokwanda kweenzuzo. Imveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi ngokwemali ibonisa ukuba ingakanani imali engenayo yenkampani ikhule kunye nokusetyenziswa kweeyunithi zokusebenza ezifanayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zanamhlanje. Ngokubala ngokuchanekileyo, iindleko zezixhobo ziya kuhlawula ngexesha elithile kwaye kuza kuqala ukuzisa inzuzo. Kwaye kunenzuzo ngaphezu kokutsala abasebenzi abatsha, iindleko zabo zihlala zingatshintshi okanye zikhule.

Ukulingana kwemisebenzi kwimali engenayo

Ngoko, umkhiqizo ogqwesileyo wezabasebenzi Imveliso eyongeziweyo. Ifunyenwe usebenzisa iiyunithi ezongezelelweyo zomsebenzi. Kwaye umkhiqizo omncinci wexabiso liyimpahla eyongezelelweyo kunye neenkonzo ezifunyenweyo ngenxa yemali eyongeziweyo eyongeziweyo. Yaye inkampani inomdla ekuthengeni ubuchwepheshe obutsha, ngelixa umkhiqizo omncinci awulingani nexabiso langempela lemali. Inkampani iya kufumana inzuzo yezoqoqosho, xa ihlawulela zonke izigaba zokuvelisa, kuya kuhlala "imali evela phezulu." Ukuba ukhangeleka ngokubanzi, ingeniso kazwelonke ngokubanzi ikwahlula kwingeniso yabasebenzi, ingeniso yabanini-mali kunye nenzuzo yezoqoqosho.

Inqaku elithandekayo

Omnye wabameli baseMerika - uPaul Douglas - ngowe-1927 wacinga ngeemeko ezingaqhelekanga. Isalathiso semali engenayo yelizwe ayitshintshi iminyaka, abasebenzi kunye nabashishini bezonwaba ngokufanayo neziphumo zokuveliswa kwemveliso kunye noqoqosho oluqhubekayo. I-senator yayifuna ukwazi isizathu sokuphikelela kwezabelo zezinto zokuvelisa kwaye ziphendukela kumbalo wezibalo owaziwayo uCharles Cobb ngokubala. Yile ndlela yenziwe ngayo umsebenzi wokukhiqiza obizwa ngokuba nguCobb-Douglas, oqinisekisa ukuba umyinge wabasebenzi ukuya kwingeniso yemali ingenakwenzeka. Yaye kunye nobukhulu bezinto zokuvelisa kuxhomekeke kuphela kumlinganiselo wabasebenzi kwimali engenayo, kodwa abaxhomekeke kwimiba yezinto ngokwabo kunye neqondo lophuhliso loshishino.

Ukuthotyelwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa

Umkhokeli ofanelekileyo uya ku soloko efumana ukudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo kwemveliso yokunyusa inzuzo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zoshishino. Khumbula ukuba umkhiqizo omiselweyo wezentsebenziswano uhambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwintlawulo yotyalo-mali esetyenzisiweyo. Ngokukhula kweempahla kunye neenkonzo, umkhiqizo omncinci uya kukhula, kwaye ngokuphambene nalokho - ngokunciphisa kwimveliso, kuyawa.

Akwanele ukwandisa inani leenkonzo kunye neempahla ezivelisiweyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba le mpahla iyimfuno kwaye iyenziwa. Ixabiso lemveliso engaphantsi kwezabasebenzi lilingana nemali engenayo evela kwimveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi kuyo nayiphi na umthamo wolwazi osetyenziswayo. Ukukhangela kunye nokufumana iimarike zokuthengiswa kweempahla, ukwazi ukuthetha kunye nokuzisa iimpahla ezikhuphisanayo kunye neenkonzo ngumsebenzi wenkokheli kunye nabancedisi bakhe.

Ukunyuka komsebenzi

Kukho into enjengokuthi "umthetho wokunciphisa umkhiqizo". Walethwa kwisikhundla "somthetho", kuba luphawu lwawo onke amashishini ngaphandle kokungafani. Oko kukuthi, okwenzekayo: ukwanda kancinci kunoma yiyiphi imimiselo yomveliso nganye kwiyunithi kuqala kuletha inzuzo, kodwa ke ukusuka kwinqanaba elithile liqala ukuhla. Ngaloo ndlela, okokuqala ukukhula kwemveliso emiselweyo yezabasebenzi kuyabonwa, kwaye ke lo buninzi buncitshiswa. Kutheni oku kwenzekayo?

Ngexesha apho iindleko zabasebenzi ziphantsi, kwaye i-capital isaguqukanga, intloko yequmrhu inquma ukwandisa iiyunithi zabasebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, inzuzo iyanda. Kodwa xa kukho abasebenzi abaninzi, kwaye i-capital investment ihlala yinto efanayo, abanye abasebenzi basebenza ngokungahambi kakuhle, kwaye ke inzuzo yezoshishino iyawa.

Umzekelo olula: abantu aba-10 basebenza ngokuvuna amazambane. Kodwa ke umsebenzi weshumi elinanye uzayo, kodwa umthamo wemveliso ngokufika kwakhe ayitshintshi, ekubeni isalathisi selizwe sisifana, isivuno sinokufana. Kule meko, njengomgaqo, ngaphandle kokunciphisa abasebenzi basebenzi, iqumrhu lizisa ukuphuculwa kwezobuchwepheshe, kwaye ukuvelisa kukhula kwakhona. Oko kukuthi, kwilizwe elifanayo, unako ukukhula ukuvunwa okucebile usebenzisa iteknoloji yakutshanje. Emva koko iindleko zomsebenzi zomqeshwa weshumi elinanye ziya kulungiswa yinkcitho eyongeziweyo yenkampani.

Sebenza kuphela ngenzuzo

Ngoko, ukuveliswa komsebenzi wezithuba zabasebenzi kunye nemveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi yimiba ehambelanayo. Kwaye zithetha ukunyuka komthamo wemveliso ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweyunithi eyongezelelweyo yabasebenzi. Intloko yenkampani iqwalasela yonke imimiselo yomveliso xa ibonisa izicwangciso zexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide. Uzama ukulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zokuvelisa, ukuqwalasela ukuguqulwa kwazo zonke izikhombisi.

Ukuqeshwa kwabaqeshwa abatsha kuya kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, njengoko kuya kukwanda kwinkunzi-mali, ukuba amathuba okunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa sele iphelile. Kwaye isalathisi esiphezulu sezigqibo ezifanelekileyo zeNtloko yeenkampani kunye nabancedisi bakhe, abaphathi, kukukhula kwenzuzo yenkampani. Kwaye ukususela kwimveliso engaphantsi kwemisebenzi, ngokwenene, inzuzo, yile nqondiso yintloko.