Imvelaphi yegama elithi "Russia". Intsingiselo yegama elithi "Rus"

Ibali ulwimi, kanye imvelaphi elithi "Russia" bekusoloko umdla izazinzulu - Philologists, mbali, iingcali zeelwimi. ukuqonda kwakhe ibinzana elithi wanika ababhali abaninzi Russian. Lusetyenziswa imisebenzi lwemveli. Imizamo yokuqala ukucacisa intsingiselo yamagama kuba iingcambu zawo ngamakhoboka. Kwinkulungwane edluleyo, kwavela iinguqulelo ezininzi nentsingiselo yawo, kodwa akubangakho nanye kuzo akuyonyaniso ngokupheleleyo.

Imvelaphi yegama elithi "Russia" kwaye ukufunda nokubhala kubantu Russian

Xa ukuxhasa izimvo luvakaliswe ngentla apha, sinako usho nezibonelo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi ngu lababhali sembono yabo imvelaphi kunye nentsingiselo yegama elithi "Russia".

Version, avakalisa yi Nestor, njengokuba Kukholelwa, yenye yezona yamandulo. Umbhali we "I Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka" ekhohlo bobempunde irekhodi, kwanyanzeleka ukuba bacinge ngezinto ezininzi, kuquka imvelaphi yabantu Russian, kwilizwe labo yembali. A ukutyhilwa ezahlukeneyo iingqiqo ezenziwa ngamanye ezaziwayo-kakuhle amanani zoncwadi ze elidlulileyo. Umsebenzi wophando wabalasela M. V. Lomonosova, N. M. Karamzina ( "Imbali of the State Russian"), L. N. Gumileva ( "Ukususela Rus eRashiya").

Xa inoveli V. Chivilikhin "Inkumbulo" umbhali abeke phambili inguqulelo ubukho imvelaphi phaku, ezinako ukondla amandla aleleyo omntu ngamnye ophilayo kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa. Ngenxa ukukwazi imbeko kwilizwe lawo yembali, ukwazi ulwimi kunye namasiko ookhokho babo, abantu ukunyamezela kwaye woyise naziphi na ubunzima. Lo msebenzi ubonelela ubungqina elivela kuzo zokuhlala zokuqala Russian ngasechwebeni imilambo emininzi kunye namachibi.

Imvelaphi yegama elithi "Russia" ibonwa iincwadi ezininzi esikolweni kunye neyunivesithi. Ukuchaza ezinye ababhali 'ngayo iingqiqo ayafana kakhulu. Ezinye iingcali zenzululwazi kwiphephandaba umbono wakho ezahlukeneyo ukusuka iimbono oogxa. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba ngamnye labalobi wenze uphando oluninzi phambi kokuba ubeke phambili iingcebiso zakho. Kwaye ufanelwe imbeko.

Igalelo amazwe kunye neelwimi zamandulo ekuzalweni yeengcinga

Kukho kwiinguqulelo ezininzi, apho imfundiso ngemvelaphi yegama elithi "Rus" into edibene iilwimi zasemzini. Umzekelo, eli qela esetyenziswa ingcambu "eng" Western, nexabiso elichazwa kuyehla linjengebhere igama. I Finno-Ugric ulwimi owakha ezifana nesandi apho. Konke oku idale isiseko ukuvela uguqulelo ngakumbi, nto leyo echaza imvelaphi elithi "Russia".

ulwimi Latin wanika ukunyuka ukuya hypothesis, ezama ukucacisa intsingiselo yalo mbono. igama emigudwini kuloo intsingiselo ngolwimi emaphandleni.
Ezahlukeneyo awazalelwa kuyo igama elifanelekileyo kunye namagama abantu e-Swedish,, Russian, iilwimi Iranian Old ezininzi Slavic. Ngokwemveli, utoliko le ngcamango enxulumene kwilizwe lamandulo ibekwe neMpuma Koloni kunye noMntla Yurophu, ngokunjalo nabantu abahlala kuyo. Uninzi izazi nangoku oyikholelwayo ukuba igama elithi "Russia" ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi asinakuba imvelaphi Slavic - ivela ulwimi lwasemzini.

version One

Kukho iqela elikhulu wenzululwazi, iingcali zeelwimi, mbali, ayekholelwa imvelaphi elithi "Russia" kunye negama umlambo okanye isibizo ebonisa umzimba ngamanzi. Le nguqulelo ibukeka inokuthenjwa kwaye unobungqina obubambekayo.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uninzi zokuhlala yamandulo nokuxubana wabonakala kanye ngasechwebeni imilambo namachibi. Amanzi kube lula kakhulu ubomi babantu, yayisetyenziselwa umsebenzi kwezoqoqosho umqobo yendalo umendo imikhosi yotshaba phezu kwamanzi lula ukuhambisa ehlotyeni, ukuhlahlela iindlela ebusika.
Yiloo intsingiselo yegama elithi "Russia" ngokunxulumene ngqo igama lomlambo, ngasechwebeni apho kumaxesha amandulo zokuhlala ezisekelwe, nto leyo eyaba ekuqalekeni imizi emikhulu. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Rho - yinto uviko lasekunene Dnieper yamagorha. eyadlulayo Igama elifanayo kwiinkulungwane enxibe lukhulu. Igama elithi "Russia" uhlobene igama lomnye iingalo lomlambo ogudle yayo. Bay, apho wawa, kwathiwa tiered.

Amagama efanayo kunye nezinye umlambo ezincinane isebe izidumbu ezinkulu amanzi. Kulo mba asimele, kuvele ukuba mkhulu iVolga River kumaxesha amandulo nayo ngokuba Ras kunye Rho.

version Two

Ngokutsho B. A. Rybakova, kunye neqela kwezinye izazinzulu, imvelaphi elithi "Russia", "Russian" linxulunyaniswa igama wesizwe, owayehlala kumaxesha amandulo xa kwintsimi enkulu yamanje eMpuma Yurophu - to eKiev emantla kunye zone emathafeni i emzantsi. izizwe Kamva stauros okanye Rus, njengoko zazibizwa, kwangena kubamelwane babo. Le Union of izizwana isizathu sokuba ukuzalwa abantu, owathi kamva waziwa ngokuba Russian, kwaye indawo awayehlala kuyo - Rus.

version wesithathu

Elinye iqela izazinzulu uzama ukucacisa imvelaphi kunye nentsingiselo yegama elithi "Russia", wathi nokutyhilwa kwalo akukho ngokusondeleyo ukuya emanzini ihlathi. Umbethe - kuba akufane amahlathi, abantu bahlala kummandla edliwe amahlathi. Loo ihlathi iye yanceda iintsapho ukuze baphile kwiindawo ngqwabalala, ukunika ukufudumala, ukutya, elikuvumela ukuba wenze izinto ezifuneka kakhulu kweli khaya.

Eli qela kunganxulunyaniswa iinguqulelo omnye elomnye. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, igama elithi "ibhere" kwezinye iilwimi Western yaseYurophu isandi sawo sifana kakhulu engcanjini 'Russian ". Oku kulandela ukuba Russ ndikwazi abantu abaye bahlala ehlathini, ukuphila ngendlela imfihlo yobomi, kodwa oluqinile nesinamandla linjengebhere. Esi silwanyana kwakujongwa abemi zinamandla kwaye awoyikekayo nasemahlathini.

version Four

Le hypothesis ihlobene inkangeleko amazwi athethwa iqela Finno-Ugric. Kwezinye kubo kukho kwakhona igama efanayo isandi yayo, indlela yokubiza iingcambu "wakhula". Xa translation, kuvakala ngathi "Vikings", gama elo elithetha "Merc". Ngokusisiseko, Vikings abantu, ezibe imimandla namazwe Mpuma Yurophu. Kamva, indawo apho inkoliso yabo beza, wabizwa ngokuba Rus. Ekuqaleni, igama elithi "Vikings" wayengekho igama ebantwini, waza wabonisa ukuba ubume ekuhlaleni liqela labantu.

Ngoku, kukho i kwingcinga yokuba Vikings ne Russian - la ke amazwi, ukuba basondele anentsingiselo. Zibonisa igama bantu babehlala kummandla imo yamandulo kumantla Europe.

inguqulo yesihlanu

Enye yeengcinga zixhaphakileyo ukucacisa intsingiselo yegama kunye nemvelaphi yayo, ebonisa ukuba "Rus" - alikho igama wesizwe. Ngokutsho izazinzulu, babiza abo Sizibandakanye ekuqokeleleni inani abantu kwafuneka ukuba ukuyihlawula.

Ukungqinwa olu guqulelo yinguqulelo yakutshanje "Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka" apho igama izizwe Slavic ngokuchasiweyo elithi "ros '.

Amagama kunye ingcambu efanayo, nokutyhilwa yabo

Ukuqwalasela intsingiselo Russia, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukutsalela ingqalelo ukuba kukho iqela lonke iifom basondele kuyo intsingiselo. Emva kokuba uphando kancinane kulula ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba igumbi lokufundela ngalinye ukutolika zingentla meko okanye loo ndlela kwakhona ngenxa emanzini, umlambo, ulwandle.

Hi xikombiso, le sikamamlambo - isidalwa wasentsomini into ehlala emanzini. Ngayo uxelela iinkolelo wamandulo wobuhedeni. Yaye enemisinga ye Dnieper uhlale esinye yanendumasi engaka, igama lakhe - Eng.

Kwezinye iindawo iziyelelane Russian kude kube ngoku kusetyenziswa iiyunithi lungelelanisa ukuba ingcambu eqhelekileyo lilizwi Russia. Umzekelo, ruslina - ngentonga okanye enemisinga, Rust - intshukumo ngokukhawuleza indlela lokuhamba kwamanzi - groove phezu komhlaba, indawo apho umfula ugeleza. Amagama kunye Ruslan Ruslan kukholelwa, nazo ezinxulumene ilizwi Russia.

endaweni yesiphelo

Iinguqulelo ngemvelaphi yegama elithi "Russia", kukho iintlobo ezininzi kubo sebekhomba loo umdla omkhulu kulo mba nje kuphela izazinzulu ehlabathini lonke, kodwa abantu abaqhelekileyo. Ingqalelo lo mba akuzange kuyinciphise ukutyhubela iinkulungwane.

Inani elikhulu iinguqulelo ekhoyo ibonisa ukuba ukungaphumeleli ukusombulula le ngxaki. Kodwa ke kucace oku kulandelayo: ukuyilwa urhulumente enamandla yamandulo Russian yaba sisiseko ukuze kwakhiwe uhlanga esimanyeneyo ukuzalwa ulwimi Russian. Iimeko enxulumene ukuqhekezwa feudal ka Rus ', ayehlasela AmaTatar, kukhokelele ekubeni uphuhliso lwenkcubeko imimandla ngamnye wahamba indlela yaso.

Kodwa nangona kweminyaka yokuphila aliphelelanga, "intlanganisela zamazwe Russian" nangoku yabanjwa, nto leyo kamva kwakhokelela ukuvela geqe ebumbene Russian.