Imbali kaMogilev kwiifoto

Empuma yeBelarus yidolophu yaseMogilev, ephakathi kwekhulu lama-20 yathi inkulu ye-Byelorussian SSR. Namhlanje isibalo sabantu besixeko sabantu abangama-380 amawaka. Kwimihlaba, isixeko sihlulwe sibe ngamacandelo amabini eMlambo weDnieper egeleza apha: i-Dnieper kunye nenxalenye yomthonyama. Umlambo uhlala uhamba ngomkhumbi ukusuka kwii-110 ukuya kwii-230 iintsuku ngonyaka. Imbali kaMogilev kwiifoto ziya kufakwa kwingqalelo yakho kwinqaku.

Isiseko sesixeko

Imbali kaMogilev ivela kumaxesha amandulo. Uphando lwezinto zakudala luye lwabonisa ukuba intsimi yeso sixeko yayiphelile ngekhulu le-5, kwaye sele sele inkulungwane yeX00 kwakukho ukuhlaliswa. Kukho iingcamango ezininzi malunga nesiseko seMogilev. Ngokomnye wabo, umzi wasungulwa ngabagcisa kunye nabahwebi beenxa zonke kwinqaba, eyakhiwa ngo-1267 ngokomyalelo wePrince Leo Mogia. I-Archaeologically, le ngcamango yayingabonakali, njengoko ifunyanwe i-castle kwaye yayingekho.

Ezinye iimbali zisitsho ukuba isixeko sakhiwe malunga neyonto e-Orthodox okanye yasungulwa yinkosana yasePolotsk uVev Vladimirovich.

Ibali elidumileyo elivela kwimvelaphi kaMogilev lixelela ukuba ehlathini kwakukho iqela leengqungquthela eziholwa nguMasheka, owayengumntu onamandla. U-Boyar wathatha uMasheka, owayengowokuthula, umtshakazi, kwaye wagqiba ekubeni aphinde aphinde aphinde abuyele ehlathini. U-Ataman wabulawa ngumtshakazi wakhe ogculelweyo, abalimi bamngcwaba kwelinye lamanxweme eDnieper, intonga yokungcwaba yayigqunywe phezu kwengcwaba, kwaye indawo yokungcwaba yayibizwa ngokuthi "Ibomvu leNgonyama." Yingakho isixeko esasiphakanyiswa apha sabizwa ngokuba yiMogilev.

Ibali likaMogilev

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo, isixeko sele senza imisebenzi yokuzikhusela yenkqantosi-yokuhlala kwaye, mhlawumbi, yayinokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo yi-Tatars 'intshabalalo phakathi kweXIII leminyaka, eqinisekiswa yizinto ezininzi ezifunyenwe zizinto zakudala.

Ngethuba lokuqala njenge-settlement Mogilev kuthethwa ngekhulu le-XIV kwi "Uluhlu lweedolophu zaseRashiya, ezikude kunye nakufutshane". Ngelo xesha wayenalo msebenzi okhethekileyo wezopolitiko kunye noqoqosho. Ekubeni i-XVI leminyaka i-Mogilev iyindawo ebalulekileyo ye-Grand Duchy yaseLithuania, ngaphezu koko, yayithathwa njengomntu onguMfokazi uJadwiga wasePoland, umfazi we-Grand Duke waseLithuania. Emva kweminyaka engama-200, ngowe-1503, isixeko sanikwa enye indlovukazi yasePoland - u-Elena Ivanovna.

Ngenkulungwane ye-16, uMogilev waqala ukuhlakulela kwaye akhule ngenxa yokusungulwa komthetho waseMagdeburg, okwenze ukuba ukhange kumazwe angummelwane waseLithuania. Ngoko, phakathi kweXVII leminyaka isixeko sithathwe ngaphandle kokulwa ngumkhosi waseRussia, kodwa emva kweminyaka eyisixhenxe wabuyela ePoland-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Isixeko sonakaliswe kakubi ngeli xesha leRussia-Polish.

Iminyaka yemfazwe yamaRussia neSweden ye-1700-1721 nayo yabangela umonakalo omkhulu kuMogilev, wayenemihlathi yonke kwaye eneempahla ezikhuselayo. Izabelo zokuqala zasePoland ngo-1772 zikhokelela ekugqithisweni kukaMogilev ukuya kwiRashiya yaseRashiya, kwinqanaba le-1777 laseMgilev. Emva kweminyaka engama-3, kwakukho apha uMongameli waseRashiya uCatherine II kunye noMlawuli waseAustria uJoseph. Ngexesha lemfazwe kunye neNapoleon, kufuphi neMogilev, imfazwe yenziwa phakathi kwebutho laseRussia kunye nebutho laseFransi eholwa nguGeneral Davout. Esi sikhumbuzo sanikezelwa kulo mcimbi.

Mogilev ekhulwini lama-XX

Kwiminyaka yemfazwe ka-1914-1917. KwakuseMogilev ukuba izinga likaMbusi uNiclaslas II lalifumaneka. Emva kweziganeko zikaFebruwari 1917, uMqhubi weMongameli oPhezulu apha wahlala, kwaze kwaba ngoNovemba 1917.

Ngo-1938 i-Mogilev bekufuneka ibe yinkunzi ye-BSSR, ngoko ke, ukuvuselelwa ngokutsha kwesi sixeko kwenziwa: ihotele, i-cinema, izindlu zendlu yokuhlala zakhiwe, kodwa ngenxa yesondlo saseNtshona Belarus Mogilev ayizange ibe yinkunzi. Okwesibini u-Mogilev wacetyiswa ukuba enze inkunzi emva kokuphela kwemfazwe ka-1941-1945, njengoko iMinsk yayisondele ngokupheleleyo, kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke kwakhona.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic Mogilev yayihlala ngamaNazi ngoJulayi 1941 kwaye yakhululwa kuphela ngoJuni 1944. Ngelo xesha, malunga nabantu abayi-100 abantu besixeko kunye nommandla ojikelezayo babulawa okanye bathatyathwa eJamani ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa komsebenzi. Inkampu yoxinaniso kunye nekampu yokufuduka yabakhonzi bemfazwe yasungulwa kwintsimi yeso sixeko.

Sixeko ngekhulu lama-21

Ngenkulungwane ye-XXI i-Mogilev yinkcubeko yenkcubeko kunye nezoqoqosho kwi- Mogilev. Igalelo elikhulu kwizoqoqosho zommandla lenziwe ngukucocwa kweoli, ukwakhiwa kwamatshini kunye namashishini ombini, inkulu kunazo zonke kwiYurophu ishishini lokuvelisa iifayili ze-polyester isebenza kwisixeko. UMogilev ungenye yeziko lemfundo yaseBelarus, isebenzisa amaziko angama-7 emfundo ephakamileyo kunye nezikolo eziziiprayimari ezi-12.

Iimpawu zesixeko

Ngaphambi kokuba uMmilev asebenze ngamaJamani ngo-1941, isixeko sasiziqhayisa ngenani elikhulu lezinto ezikhangayo, kodwa phantse bonke babhujiswa. Kuloo mzi kukho izikhumbuzo zeOrthodox, njenge:

• St. Nicholas Convent;
• I-Catholic Cathedral ye- Assumption;
• I-Cathedral yabaThathu abangcwele;
• IChurch Cross Church;
• I-Cross Cross Exaltation Cathedral.

Ukongeza kwizakhiwo zonqulo, kukho ezinye izinto eMogilev, nganye yinto ebalulekileyo yembali.

Square of Glory

Ngexesha lePoland, imbali kaMogilev isidonsa njengesixeko esichuma. Kwakubonwe njengophawu olukhulu lomlambo, kwaye isikwere esiyinkulu sabizwa ngokuba yiTorgovaya. Emva kokujoyina uMbuso waseRussia, loo ndawo yaziwa ngokuba yiBrand's Square, kunye nabakhi beRussia bathatha ukuphuhlisa kwesikwere. Kwakhiwa iibhentshi ezindala ezithengiswayo kwaye zakhiwe izakhiwo ezine ezifanayo: iindlu zorhuluneli kunye ne-vice-rhu runeli, urhulumente wephondo kunye nesakhiwo senkundla, ibhodi yolondolozo kunye nebhodi lezonyango (ngoku i-museum ye-lore locally).

Kuze kube ngoku, isakhiwo sesine kuphela kwisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi siye sagcinwa. Emva ko-Oktobha iNguquko, isikwere safumana igama leSoviet, kwakukho apha ukuba ukubulawa kweentlanga zenzeke ngexesha lemfazwe ka-1941-45. Ngo-2014, isikwere samkela igama langoku - i-Square of Glory.

IHolo yaseKapa (Mogilev)

Ibali lixelela ukuba ukubuyiselwa kweholo leedolophu kwaqalwa kuphela ngo-2007, nangona ukutyikitya okufuziselayo kwenzeka ngasekuqaleni kwe-90. XX yenkulungwane. Umbuzo wokwakhiwa kwehholo ledolophu yavela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-16, emva kokumiselwa kweMali yaseMagdeburg. Ekuqaleni, isakhiwo sasiyimithi, edla ngokubakhokelela kwimililo, kwaye iholo yase dolophu yatshiswa ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yokuba indawo yayo yatshintsha kangangoko.

Iholide yedorobho yamatye yakhiwa ngeminyaka ye-1679-1698, uphahla lwaluhlanganiswe ngeetereyile, iholo leedolophu yayineeplanga ezimbini kunye neendawo zemozulu ezibonakalayo. Ukuphakama kwinqaba kunye nefuthe kwakuyiimitha ezingama-46. Ngexesha lemfazwe yaseRashiya-yaseSweden ye-1700-1721 iholo yase dolophu yachithwa, kodwa emva kweeminyaka emininzi yabuyiselwa. Ngowe-1780 iholide yedolophu ya tyelelwa nguMpress Catherine Omkhulu.

Ngexesha leMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic iholo ledolophu yayonakaliswe kakubi, yaqatshelwa njengesikhumbuzo sembali sobonke-ukubaluleka kweManyano. Nangona isigqibo esithathwe yikomiti yolawulo ekubuyiselweni kwehholo ledolophu, umsebenzi awuzange uqalise, kwaye ngo-1957 kwagqitywa ngokupheleleyo. IHolo yeSixeko yabuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye yavulelwa ukutyelela ngo-2008.

Imyuziyam yeMbali yeMogilev itholakala ngqo kwihholo ledolophu. Iiholo zokubonisa zifumaneka kwiiplanga ezimbini zesakhiwo. Bakhombise imiboniso ye-X-yokuqala ye-XX yeenkulungwane, ezithetha ngeziganeko ezibalulekileyo zokuhlala. Imyuziyam yembali yedolophu yaseMogilev ilindele iindwendwe zayo ukusuka ngo-10 ukuya ku-6 ntambama. NgoMvulo noLwesibili yimihla ephumayo.

Inkundla yoBuoyancy

Olu bunzima besikhumbuzo luhlala kwidolophana eBuichi kufuphi neMolev. Kwakukho ehlobo ka-1942 ukuba iiveki ezimbini zahamba ngamabutho enkathazo ebutho lamaSoviet kunye nabahlaseli baseJamani. Inkathazo yavulwa ngo-1995 kwaye ihlanganisa indawo engama-hekta angama-20. Iqulethwe ngophulo, edibene ne-chapel yemitha engama-27 nge-alley. Iindonga zesahlulo zenziwe ngeemabula ezikhanyayo, ezihlanganiswe ngamagama amajoni kunye nabasetyhini beMfazwe eNkulu yamaPatriotic. Ngaphantsi kwesithinteli i-crypt apho ahlala khona amaqhawe awa phantsi, afunyaniswe amaqela namhlanje.

Polykovichsky Krynitsa

Umthombo osisimangaliso uwaziwa ngaphesheya komda wemizi, kwafunyanwa phakathi kweXVI leminyaka. Amanzi, ukusuka kwi-crinica, ehlanganiselwa phantsi kwe-ravine, iphuma kwiDnieper. Ngeli xestile le-XIX, ngokomyalelo we-Count Rimsky-Korsakov, i-chapel yaseSt. Praskovia yakhiwe apha. Ukusuka kuloo mzuzu, iinqanaba zaqala ukuza kumthombo, kwaye umthombo uthethwa njengomsebenzi omangalisayo. Unyaka ngamnye ngoJanuwari 19 abantu baya emthonjeni wamanzi obhaptizo.

EMoysia naseTula

KwiLitini yaseLenin e-Mogilev kukho "islet" sangempela senkunzi yaseRashiya - intendelezo yaseMoscow, eyadalwa ngo-2006. Phakathi kwendawo yokudlala yabantwana, eyenziwe ngendlela yaseMoscow Kremlin, ikopi ye-Tsoi Arbat Wall isondele, ezinye iindawo zifakwe kwiingqungquthela kwiingqungquthela zaseMoscow.

Apha, kwise Street Lenen, kukho enye inkundla - iTula. Kwiziko layo kukho umthombo omkhulu we-samovar, kwaye kukho indawo yokudlala ngendlela yeTula Kremlin. Inkundla yonke ihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso yengubo yeTula yeengalo kunye nezigcawu ezivela ebomini.

I-Mogilev Drama Drama

Ibali likaMogilev lithi kwada kwada kwinqanaba leXIX le-19 kwakungekho nkundla yokudlala kweso sixeko, kwaye iingqungquthela ezijikelezayo zibonise ukusebenza kwazo emoyeni. Kwaye ukususela kuma-40-ies. Ngekhulu le-19, iziphathimandla zedolophu zihlala kwindawo yokudlala kwindawo yesibini kwisakhiwo esinye sesakhiwo kwiVetrenoy Street. Apho akazange ahlale ixesha elide, kwaye kwiminyaka engama-20 elandelayo watshintsha izakhiwo eziliqela, ngoko ke izikhulu zedolophu zafika ngcamango yokwakha indawo yazo yokuzonwabisa. Yadalwa ngo-1888 ngemali eqokelelwe kwiminikelo yokuzithandela yabahlali besixeko. Iyonke ithatha ama-ruble angama-50 amawaka. Kulo mnyango omkhulu kumdlalo wecandelo lezakhiwo kwakuyimifanekiso kwisihloko sikaChekhov - idumekazi elidumileyo nenja.

Sundial

Phakathi kwendawo yeMogilev kukho i-sundial yangempela ebonisa ixesha elichanekileyo. Kukho kwakhona umfanekiso we-Starship kunye nezihlalo ezili-12 - iimpawu ze-zodiac. Isithunzi se-Astrologer sibambe i-telescope eneenkwenkwezi zokukhangela, i-ray yohlwaya ebonakalayo ngaphandle kwendawo.