IL-96-400: inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye neempawu

IL-96-300 kunye IL-96-400, njengoko gama libonisa - iinguqulelo ezimbini ze-moya mnye, adalwe nabayili Russian. Inguqulelo yesibini wayefanele ukuba ibe nokuqhubekeka ubhalo yowokuqala, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela ukuze ufumane umatshini eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Aircraft zangaphakathi zahluke, zobugcisa iparameters kunye neempawu moya ... kwekamva.

Ekuqaleni, le iinqanawa ukuthutha abakhweli, ngokulandelelanayo, kwixesha eliphakathi kunye imigama emide. Kodwa ngoku ke imodeli 300 kuphela ibutho kamongameli yaye mna-400 ... Enyanisweni, yonke into ukuze. Iinkcukacha, iimpawu kunye nemifanekiso ka-IL 96-400 umfuziselo we ingqalelo.

indaba

Ekuqaleni-80, OKB Ilyushin yaphuhliswa eliphakathi uluhlu moya, ogama IL-86. Imoto wadalwa ngayo imilinganiselo eyamkelekileyo ixesha. Mu kuya kwa nshita we 62 ngaphambili kunye nophuhliso Tupolev iinjini ezi 86th kwi iipayiloni phantsi kwamaphiko. Lo moya ngokubanzi-emzimbeni, ukuba mihla (ngexesha) iinjini kunye neenkqubo zolawulo. Kuba into enye: ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo IL-62 lixesha, lo matshini asikwazi okwangoku.

Kule 80 kweye-, kukho data ezithwala moya IL-96. Olu phuhliso kufuneka kwakhona zinxulumene uhlobo olubanzi-umzimba, kodwa ukuze ube isithuthi ezihamba imigama. Isiseko se-moya omtsha kufuneka sikhonze 86, kodwa kunye nezilungiso ezifanelekileyo ngokuphathelele isantya, amatanki amafutha umthamo, kwaye kungenzeka kokundiza elide. iimvavanyo moya wokuqala lwenziwa ngo-1988, kunye nokuveliswa mass iqala ngo-1993. Ngo-2009, isaziso emidala imifanekiso zemveliso afana lithemba. Ngexesha le minyaka, ihlabathi wabona ezingama-22 (njengako kweminye imithombo 28) kumatshini. Ukuhlala ukusebenza -moya ukusebenza eCuba, kukho iinguqulelo ezimbalwa kancincane wasebenzisa moya "Russia" ngenxa yenkonzo abantu sokuqala karhulumente.

model 300

Emva kokuqalisa yemveliso lothotho inani imodeli entsha, ezafumana isalathiso 300, ingena i "Aeroflot". Kuba umatshini owawuza akhuphisane imikhosi phambili kuphuhliso "iBoeing" yaye "Airbus", iqela yophuhliso lafumana Prize State. Nangona lo moya iindleko, ezikhuselekileyo, kwaye kwezinye iinkalo bade kunathi uphuhliso American, iziphathi basekhaya athenge "kwendiza". Kulo mzekelo, izizathu xa uthenge ngolo hlobo maxa wambi thatha ifomu etyeni. Umzekelo, ukuba amalungu enqanaweni "iBoeing" amabini amathathu phezu Ile. Okanye "iBoeing" lukhuselekile ngakumbi, nangona uyilo lophuhliso uvavanyo wethu saba ngenye indlela.

ezineenkcukacha ze-moya IL-96-300 cishe uguqulelo elifanayo 400, kanye qaphela ukuba ubukho kule nqanawa ikuvumela ukuba "Aeroflot" ukwenza iinqwelo ngqo ukusuka eMoscow ukuya sixeko nakwisiphi na eMerika, kwaye ngexesha elinye ukwenza ukuya kubantu 300 (odnosalonnaya layout).

Ukuzalwa of 400

Le lori lokuqala uhlelo yaba IL-96T. Wazalwa ngo-1997 kwi-sikhokelo isivumelwano Russian-American. Russia walungiselela engenayo, kwaye America enikiweyo 4 injini ukusuka 'Pratt & Whitney "(ezifana nokusebenzisa " 777 ") kunye avionics kwi-ebhodini evela Collins. Lo moya uye liyatshona kancinane fuselage, izixhobo imithwalo, nkqu eye yaqiniselwa imigangatho American FAR25. Kodwa kwimveliso engaphezulu akazange aphume. Ibe phezu kwesi siseko ke kamva kwakhiwa imizuzu yokuqala 400. Kulo moya esekwe avionics Russian kwaye Russian iinjini efanayo.

model 400

Ekuveleni ababhekisi phambili kwinkulungwane ukukhulula nqanawa ukuba bahlasele km 500 ngakumbi, yaye kwangaxeshanye ukuthatha kwibhodi sele abantu 435. Kodwa ke imeko yemali nzima eRashiya phantse Liphelisa inqwelo-moya, kodwa ngenxa yokuba version yayo zothutho eqikelelweyo. Ukutshintsha umkhweli, adityaniswe iingcango impahla, yaye ngowe-2007 e emoyeni show ebonisa uphuhliso ilandelayo iinkampani Voronezh --IL 96-400T. Oku uphuhliso entsha, ekubeni iimpawu yokusebenza kuhlala ingatshintshanga. iminyaka emibini moya bengasebenzi, ukutshintsha abanini, efana neeglavu, kodwa ngowama-2009 imoto waba nomdla kwi nkampani Russian "Flight" kwaye iinqwelo-moya ezintathu zokuqala bathunywe kuyo (ababini ziqokelelwe ngaphambili, 2007 yaye waphila iisampuli njengoko uvavanyo). Ngaloo ndlela, umhla wokuqalisa ukusebenza ithathwa ngokuba 23 Apreli 2009. Karpov, umongameli we "Flight", liceba ukunyusa inani koomatshini ukuya amaqhosha-6, kodwa ngo-2013, ophethe elaziwa yimali. Voronezh wahlanganisa moya yesine, kodwa, ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, akwenziwanga kwaba yathengwa yinkampani.

Kodwa version zothutho kwezinye lomthengi abanomdla - i-Russian Air Force. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho namarhe moya zothutho 30 kunye neemodeli ezininzi 300. Amagosa avela kwiSebe lezoKhuselo wathi inkqubo ekhutshelwe engama-10, khon 'ukuze imoto yokugqibela ngo-2024.

kohlelo

Ngexesha ubomi bakhe nzima ka-IL 96 unenzondelelo iinguqulelo ezininzi. Ukongeza imifuziselo esisiseko - 300 no-400, oko wakhululwa iinketho ezimbalwa ngaphezulu, uninzi lwazo mhlawumbi similise kwezinye iinguqulelo, okanye ngasekhohlo njenge prototype. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi:

• -IL 96T - kwase yokuqala 400 imodeli mihla. ikopi kuphela yonke line, ezinye kwexesha wamzalela izixhobo American.
• Il-96M - ikopi yesibini kwase. Umahluko omkhulu yaba fuselage ixesha elide.
• Il-96-300 - imodeli moya abakhweli ngokubanzi-umzimba. Iminyaka ephantse 20 ezi imifuziselo (a ezingama iimoto 6 ngoqikelelo ongekho mthethweni, balance sheet zenkampani) inani eliqingqiweyo zasetyenziswa yi Aeroflot.
• IL-96-400 kunye 400T - ngokulandelelana zezithuthi kunye zothutho model moya. Okanye iitoni ukuya ku 92 ezithwalwayo, okanye abantu abangaphezulu kwama-400.
• -IL 96-400TZ - imodeli ngokutsha ukusuka kuguqulelo yangaphambili. Ethwala abanomdla Russian Air Force. Kungenxa kule ngobuwena, imodeli 400 ngokomthetho njengoko replacement olucwangcisiweyo IL-78.
• Il-96-550 - ngere- moya kabini-ubuthwele. Togu of the kwendiza 747-400. Iya phambili uphuhliso - ayikenziwa kwaziwa.

Olu luhlu ongaqukwanga ngokukodwa eziliqela iimodeli ryazryada "DB" (ulawulo point) le mifuziselo 300 no 400 abakulo iqela eyahlukileyo modified "Russia" Airlines kunye Classification International ubizwa ngokuba "kwibhodi №1"

iimpawu

moya Russian IL-96-400 waba inkqubo yokudala imisebenzi emininzi kulahlula kwezinye iinkampani moya.

Aircraft egiyeni, abanomdla emkhosini, ingumzekelo "ezimbini kwenye". iitanki fuel oLongezelelweyo wazibeka fuselage, anxulumene kwindlela engundoqo amafutha kunye nako ukwamkela ezinye i iitoni 62 zamafutha. Lo moya maziyingenise isitokhwe kumgama 3500 km. Ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba yokugalela amafutha ezithuthi, kulula ukuba zitshintshwe zibe inqanawa zesiqhelo. flight kwalomqolo kutshintsha, kodwa umthwalo lungenziwa phambi kokuba ziphele iitoni ezingama 92.

Olona phawu yesibini le nqanawa uza ekhuselekileyo. 96th yaba moya kuphela ehlabathini, onako ukuhlala ngesiqhelo, nkqu kwimeko yokusilela zone iinjini ebhodini. Oku kuhlolwa lwaqhutywa ukuqotywa kuqala abaqhubi uvavanyo Russian. Xa ibhabha, cima zonke 4 injini, emva koko moya watyala ngokukhuselekileyo ngendlela eqhelekileyo lokutyala.

Product incazelo

Ngezantsi siqwalasela ezinye iimpawu kunye parameters-moya-IL 96-400. iimpawu Technical of version yezothutho:

• ubude - 64 m;
• ukuphakama - 15, 7;
• ububanzi - 6.1 m;
• evulekile - 60,1m;
• indawo wing - 392 macala onke. m;
• ubunzima isuka (max) - 270 m;
• Isantya cruise - 850 km / h;
• yophahla - 13.100 m;
• uluhlu - 10,000 m;
• payload - 92 m;

• osusi- umthamo - Abantu 435 (enye kwiklasi zokuhlala);
• Runway ukusuka - 2600m; ukutyala - 1980 m.

flight ban

Mna ungenzanga imbali-moya kunye no-zexesha elifutshane, kodwa kunjalo bezisa ilahleko gqitha abathwali Russian, ukuvimbela moya. Esi sigqibo senziwe ngenxa nesiganeko ngoAgasti 2005, xa Ukumka ebhodini umongameli Finnish ayiphumelelanga ukuzuza kwisantya eziyimfuneko ngokwahlukana. Ngokutsho umyili oyintloko, isigqibo akukho semthethweni. Isibakala sokuba-IL 96-400 Iimpawu ziquka kohlelo leeyunithi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo kunokwenzeka. Hydraulics nelelalela ngokuphindwe 4 ezingaphezu losetyenziso. Olu londolozo luya kuba ngokwaneleyo ukugcina indlela eqhelekileyo inhibition kuzo zonke ivili 12 emkhombeni, naxa le nkqubo liyasilela ngamavili omnye okanye emibini. umsebenzi wabo zizakucima zilayite ngokuzenzekela enye.

isiphelo

Ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela ze-moya IL-96-400, yenzelwe ekuqaleni nje airliner ezihamba imigama, babalekela emkhosini. Ngelo xesha, ngenxa umkhweli yexesha elidlulileyo, i-BBC lavelisa umatshini ukuba unako ukwenza imisebenzi ezininzi: ukusuka umthuthi eqhelekileyo kuhamba moya. Kungenjalo imeko yangoku, iintaka intsimbi iphaphazela kummandla elalisakuba yiSoviet Union kwi imigama eliphakathi elide. Ngapha koko, yonke umgca 96 ekuqaleni sayilwa abe lilalela iimoto ezimbini: IL-86 kunye IL-62.