Iintlobo zezinto ezintsha kunye nokuhlelwa kwazo

Kungekudala, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, umntu unako ukuva ingcamango "yezinto ezintsha", oko kuthetha ukuba kukho nayiphi na utshintsho, intsha kwaye isetyenziswe ngokuzimeleyo kunye kunye namagama afana nomsebenzi, inkqubo, izigqibo, njl. ?

Umbutho ulungiswe ngendlela eqhubekayo yophuhliso. Ukutshintsha iimfuno, ukuguqula umxholo wemisebenzi yabantu ... Ngokufanelekileyo, utshintsho luhambelana nawo onke amanqanaba obomi. Phantse nakweyiphi na incwadi kwi-economics umntu unokufikelela kwimbono yokuba innovation yinguqu yenkqubela yezesayensi kunye nenkqubela yezobugcisa ibe yinto yangempela, leyo leyo leyo ibonakala kwimveliso emitsha yemveliso okanye ubuchwepheshe. Oku kuncedisa ekuphuhlisweni kungekuphela kwenkqubo ethile, kodwa iphela yoluntu lonke.

Iintlobo zezinto ezintsha ziyaziwa ngokuxhomekeke kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, bendawo kunye nehlabathi jikelele. Ukukhokelwa ngamapalenta yezobuchwepheshe, bahlulwe ibe yinkqubo kunye nemveliso. Ngokuxhomekeke ekujuleni kweenguqu, ukuhlaziywa, ukuphucula nokuguqulwa kuyaqatshelwa. Ngokwezinga lezinto ezintsha, ezi ntlobo zezinto ezintsha, zifana nezitsha zoshishino elinikeziweyo kwihlabathi, kwilizwe, kumashishini athile.

Ngokuxhomekeka kwendawo, kubalulekile ukuphawula utshintsho kwi "galelo", oko kukuthi, ekukhethweni kolwazi, izinto ezibonakalayo, izixhobo, njl. Oku kunokuchaphazela umgangatho weempahla okanye iinkonzo ezivelisiweyo. Ukongeza, kukho izinto ezintsha "kwimveliso," oko kukuthi, ezo zichaphazela ngqo umphumo womsebenzi (iinkonzo, iteknoloji, ulwazi, njl.). Ukuba sithetha malunga noshintsho kwi-shishini, banokuxhalabisa isakhiwo senkqubo, ulawulo, ubugcisa okanye imveliso.

Qwalasela kwakhona izinto ezintsha ngokujonga uhlobo lomsebenzi. Ngaloo ndlela, iintlobo zendlela ezintsha ziyakwazi oku kulandelayo: ezentlalo, ukulawula, ezobuchwepheshe, ukuvelisa, ezoqoqosho, njl. Ngoku, ngoku, kumaziko emfundo, malunga nokuqaliswa kwe-GEF entsha, ootitshala bayanda ngokuzisa imisebenzi emitsha, kuquka Iifom ezintsha, ithetha, iindlela. Oku kubangelwa kukutshintsha kwezenhlalo.

Kukho izigaba ezininzi, enye yazo ephakanyiswa ngu-AI Prigogine, kwaye isiseko sayo-ezintlanu eziphambili. Ngoko, ukusuka kumbono wokubaluleka, kukho iindawo ezizimeleyo (okokuthi, kwenziwa kanye kanye) kunye nokusabalalisa (ukusetyenziswa rhoqo) iintlobo zezinto ezintsha. Ukuba sithetha ngendawo yokutshintshwa kwimijikelezo yomkhiqizo, ngoko-ke ingaba yinto eluhlaza, ukutya kunye nokubonelela (ngamanye amagama, ukubopha).

Ukususela kwindawo yokujonga ukuqhubeka, izinto ezintsha ziyakwazi ukufaka endaweni, ukuxubusha, ukuvula, ukukhansela, ukubuyisa i-retrovovedeniya. Igama lazo ziintlobo ngokwazo libonisa ukuba zithini utshintsho. Ukuba sinokuqwalasela igalelo elilindelekileyo kwingxenye yeemarike, ngoko ke ingaba yendawo, iqhinga okanye inkqubo. Ukuba ulungelo olunjalo lokuhlengahlengiswa kuthathwa njengokuba lunokwenzeka kunye neyure yezinto ezintsha, iintlobo ezinjalo zobunjengelihlanganisi, ukuhlaziywa kunye nokufezekisa ziyakunikwa. Njengoko amagama abonisa, ngamnye ngamnye unenjongo yakhe kunye nesikhokelo.

Utshintsho nanini na ixesha luchukumisa uluntu ekuphuhliseni. Kwaye akunandaba, yinto engaziwayo okanye indlela endala, eyaphinda ibe nefanelekileyo nangayiphi na isizathu. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe bukhokelela ekuveleni kwemveliso neenkonzo eziphuculweyo. Izinto ezintsha kwimveliso okanye intlalo yoluntu ihlala ifunwa kwaye idla ngokuthe tye. Ulungiso lungabonakalisa bobabini kwintshintsho elincinci nelingaphandle, kwaye kwandiswa kwimiba enikezelwayo.