Iintlobo Catadromous kunye anadromous iintlanzi: lweempawu zabo yokuhlala

abemi World kweelwandle, iilwandle, imilambo kunye namachibi nto zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Izazinzulu zibalelwe bume anetyuwa malunga iintlobo 12,000 kweentlanzi, kunye namachibi amatsha - kufutshane iikopi 6800. Amaxesha amaninzi, iintlobo ezininzi zeentlanzi abasuka rhoqo: ukusuka imilambo ingena elwandle, ukususela elwandle ukuya emlanjeni. Abanye ukukwenza kanye ngonyaka, ezinye yonke imihla. Into oyifunayo elihambayo yaye oko iintlobo lahlulwe zonke eziphilileyo isilivere afuduka? Abaninzi baye beva malunga iintlobo anadromous, catadromous kunye ukuhanjiswa iintlanzi. Phezu kwabo kuya kuxutyushwa kwinqaku.

Into ekufuneka uyazi kokuthutha intlanzi

Ukufuduka (neentlanzi ngokwelizwe) ziyahluka ukusuka omnye umnyango kwabo ukuba babe bayakwazi ukudada okwethutyana elwandle, kwaye esinye isiqingatha - emilanjeni elibaleka kuzo. Ezinye iintlanzi zifuduka ukuhamba lula endleleni eya amanzi iindawo zokuhlala (iintlobo zeentlanzi anadromous), kunye nabanye - phezu kolwandle (abantu catadromous). Uninzi lwezi zinakho bahamba imigama emide. ukubana ezinjalo ezinxulumene nokuba ukuveliswa kokutya, okanye zizalele.

iintlobo Anadromous kunye catadromous iintlanzi babe neempawu zabo, ezinxulumene utshintsho etyuwa emanzini. Zifuduka, abantu abanjalo ukhangela indawo evumayo yophuhliso ukutya Qhotsa. Kule nguqulelo eliphakathi ukuya kwenye kubadle amandla amaninzi kwaye kukho zonke iintlobo imiqobo: iingxangxasi, iingxangxasana, ukuhamba-high speed. Ngenxa yoku, a nge abantu abadala kufuneka yande izinto Reserve ngohlobo ngamanqatha. Ezininzi ezidla fish ukufa ulinda emva kokuba amaqanda, kwaye ngokunjalo ezinye inokubangela ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ezi zeentlanzi ngumba obalulekileyo amalungelo okuloba kunye namandla izilwanyana ezithile.

anadromy eyaziwa

iintlobo Anadromous zeentlanzi ngenxa zidala yokusingqongileyo saselwandle safudukela ahlaziyekileyo. Abameli ubalaseleyo zezona salmon, herring, sturgeon. Owona mzekelo okuphawuleka salmon ye-Pacific Ocean. Abantu abadala ukuze bahlole 6kg yaye ubude-60 cm. Amaqanda ichitha emilanjeni Japan Peninsula Primorye, ukutshaya, Sakhalin. Lo mbono kubonakala ukuba nikukukhanya emanzini omlambo, ngoko ukudada abantu elwandle, apho Ndichitha kwiminyaka 1 ukuya ku-6. Emva koko, abuyele kwendawo yokuhlala yokuqala, ujungujungu sife. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kanjalo ukuba esi intshukumo yenzeka nxamnye ukuhamba yemilambo.

I-Black and Azov kwakhona kweentlobo zeentlanzi langoku anadromous, ezifana herring. Ukuze ukuthutha, ukuba idade emifuleni olwandle yaseYurophu. Anadromous ebanjwe ukwenza Intlanzi, lamprey kunye zeCARP. Uluhlu kweentlobo anadromous zeentlanzi niwuzalise Shad, trout, stickleback emithathu spined. Kubameli ezaziwayo-kakuhle zeCARP ingabizwa krasnoporok-UGAI.

Ngaphandle salmon, ummeli engaqhelekanga a lamprey. Ifumaneka kwi iVolga Delta. Bulindelwe e kamenistnyh kunye eludakeni. anadromom edume kakhulu sturgeon. It uhlala nezitya ye-Black, lweCaspian kunye Azov kweelwandle, bulindelwe kwi iVolga, phambene, Kura.

Anadromous omnye umntu laBamnyama kunye lweCaspian Seas ukhonza spike. Yena akanako ashiye kwiminyaka embalwa umlambo. Ngenxa hlobo nazo ziquka chuma, salmon, nesalmon emhlophe, salmon emhlophe. Ezinye iintlanzi ukwenza yokufudukela diurnal kwi emlanjeni kumphezulu kormozhki (ebusuku), kwaye ngexesha mhla abuyele bume anetyuwa.

abameli katadromov

Ummeli ezigqame kweentlobo catadromous kukho ugrovyh usapho (sisinkantazi). amaqanda ayo ezihamba kolwandle iinyanga kunye neminyaka. Emva koko isicelo kumanxweme aseYurophu, apho ukudada emlanjeni ze uqale uphuhliso lwabo. Sisinkantazi uthanda imisinga enamandla, emhlabeni zinodaka okanye uyisanti. Qaphela ukuba kunzima kakhulu, emva kwemini, efihla kwi imingxuma okanye ngaphantsi ngamatye. Xa Ngokuhlwa, ephuma endaweni yakhe yokuzimela. Uninzi yobomi bakhe sisinkantazi yaseYurophu ichitha kwindawo amanzi kulo.

fish ukuhanjiswa

Abantu abahlala umqhele, nebala efanayo yezoqoqosho, eyaziwa ngokuba cross-umda. Ngokusisiseko, ezi ziquka iintlanzi semi-anadromous ezihlala kwiindawo ezinetyuwa, blizprilegayuschey emilanjeni kanye zizala kwi okugcina amanzi. Ezi ziquka bream, zeCARP. KuLwandle Azov noLwandle Aral, i-North lweCaspian zifumaneka Pike, Roach, Roach.

iintlobo zeentlanzi Anadromous oLwandle lweCaspian

It usenza yayo ukwahluka yehlabathi ophilileyo le lweCaspian lweMeditera. Mazize apha gobies ezincinane kakhulu kunye nabameli ngxilimbela - ukutya. Nesalmon kunye lamprey, ubiza kwi Kourou ukuba ujungujungu, badla kufa yindlala. Kuba iintlanzi anadromous le isitya iquka iintlobo zilandelayo: salmon, nesalmon emhlophe, Intlanzi, ameva sturgeon. Iyandimangalisa into Pike ulwandle iphezulu, Pike, catfish, zeCARP, zeCARP kunye Amur emhlophe.

Le ntlanzi ithandwa ukufikelela ayinkulwanga kakhulu, kodwa kukho abantu abaye baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwama-30. Ezinye stellate Intlanzi kuLwandle lweCaspian ukuya ku-40 kg ubunzima. Kodwa salmon elwandle wambamba ngaphantsi yaye ngaphantsi. intlanzi Kubalulekile ukuba ukubamba apha ke Pike. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye catch yi Rudd ukuba afumaneka ematyeni, wazigquma kunye nohlaza.

Ukukhusela fish ndawonye

Ezinala ziye zabaluleka kakhulu ekukhuseleni iintlobo ezininzi zeentlanzi ndawonye. Ezinjalo izityalo badla ezinokwakhiwa ngamadama kwi emilonyeni yemilambo emikhulu. Iimazi bayabanjwa baze okwenziwe madlozi. Emva uphawulo amathole ayo zigcinwe kwamachibi ezizodwa. Emva kokuba Qhotsa zikhula, zithunyelwa ichibi ekhethekileyo okanye umlambo. I-Russian ezinala iibhiliyoni Qhotsa ezilinywa ngonyaka. ivezwa Ngaloo wambuyisela iintlobo anadromous zixabisekileyo iintlanzi: Intlanzi kunye nesalmon. Abanye abantu benza nokulinywa zakhele kunye whitefish.

wezokuloba Russian ye iVolga kunye Don wamisa intlanzi imveliso-lungiswa: bream kunye zeCARP. Le Qhotsa abondliwayo kwizityalo ezinjalo kunye feeds zendalo okanye zokwenziwa.