Ukukhula koqoqosho, iintlobo zayo izinto zophuhliso

Kwinkulungwane edluleyo, liphuhlise iikhonsepthi kokukhula kwezoqoqosho, kunye kugxininiswa ephambili ophezu nokuchongwa kwinkalo ethile software kakhulu yaye izinto zayo ngamnye kule nkqubo. Ukukhula koqoqosho kukwanda kwinkqubo yemveliso kweli lizwe, nto leyo ukwanda kwe-GDP nemveliso umnatha kwishishini. Kwezinye iimeko, kuthatha indawo ngaphandle utshintsho olubonakalayo indlela zemveliso, kwabanye - ikhatshwe yi inkqubela ebonakalayo ngesakhiwo kwanemisebenzi ye-nkqubo yonke imveliso.

Ukukhula kwezoqoqosho uhlobo lokuqala iphawulwa ukwanda kakhulu izibonelelo zoqoqosho - ukuveliswa kweendlela ezintsha, amashishini, izityalo amandla. Olu hlobo unegama - ukukhula kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Owesibini uhlobo lokukhula kuthiwa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, kulo mzekelo, GDP ukukhula abangenakuwubona nokwandiswa kwenani yezoqoqosho ekhoyo. Kwelinye icala, ukukhula koqoqosho olomeleleyo ngomnye yeendima ezibalulekileyo kuluntu ekhuselekileyo, Noko ke, akulula xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba kunzima kakhulu.

Ndlela negalelo ekukhuleni koqoqosho zezona zinto ngqo nengxelo-ntetho. Xa le layini ubizwa ngokuba zinto ukudala amathuba okukhula. imiba supply ngqo:

• umgangatho nobungakanani lwezixhobo zokusebenza zendalo;
• umgangatho nomthamo kwawo;
• ubuchwepheshe kunye umbutho kwemveliso;
• imali eyinkunzi;
• ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono zoshishino kwaye inqanaba labo kuluntu namhlanje.

izinto engathanga ngqo ziquka iimeko evumela ukuba uqonde ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze ukukhula koqoqosho. Wabiza izinto ngqo kwaneliswe nokuhanjiswa:

• irhafu lwemozulu kuqoqosho;
• ukwehliswa iqondo lokubanga yemarike;
• ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngetyala kunye zebhanki;
• Ukukhula kwabathengi, urhulumente kunye nenkcitho-mali;
• Ulwabiwo ngokutsha kunokwenzeka kwezibonelelo zoshishino kuqoqosho;
• ukwandiswa zihanjiswe ngaphandle;
• isixokelelwano sabasasazi ingeniso yokusebenza.

Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhula kakhulu kwezoqoqosho kuthathwa uhlobo kakhulu elula ukukhula, inika kakhulu ngendlela Kulula ukunyusa isantya sophuhliso lwezoqoqosho, kwaye ikuvumela ukhethe ngokukhawuleza ukufikelela ukunyuka amathuba ezoqoqosho eli lizwe. ukukhula olubanzi phantse lonke lwandulelwe kukukhula olunzulu. Le yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo izalathi si zokunikwa kwezoqoqosho ukukhula, kodwa ngokusondeleyo uyahambelana kwaye ngokubaluleka ekhethekileyo ukuze kuzuzwe lobungakanani yemveliso.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iingcamango ezimbini ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngenxa izinga lokukhula koqoqosho: Keynesian kunye neoclassical. Zombini ezi mbono zokukhula koqoqosho baneengcamango ngokupheleleyo ezahlukeneyo imeko yezoqoqosho kweli lizwe. Neoclassicism bakholelwa indlela jikelele, nako ukusombulula zonke iingxaki ezikhoyo kweli lizwe. Keynesians, nto, athi indlela lemarike icotha kakhulu kwaye kunokukhokelela uqoqosho ukuya kwinqanaba entsha nangoku elide kakhulu.

theory Keynesian elandelwa oorhulumente abaninzi kwixesha kwemfazwe, kodwa ukukhula koqoqosho ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo, ukuba sibone kwaye izinto ezimbi ukukhuthaza imfuno lamntu. Isindululo ayikwazanga ukugcina up kunye nemfuno anyuswe kakhulu, amaxabiso yentsimbi uvuke kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ithathe enkulu ezothusayo. Ngoko ke, lo yee- waniphawula yi kukuba amazwe abaninzi baye ingqalelo yabo kwisikhundla neoclassical.

Xa into yokuba iingxaki koqoqosho nophuhliso kunye nokukhula Russian ekufumaneni ukwandisa ukubaluleka kwixesha elizayo kuba nempumelelo kunokwenzeka ngokupheleleyo imiyalelo ezintsha ngempumelelo uphuhliso lwemveliso, ekufezekiseni amazinga aphezulu lokukhula koqoqosho, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukunyuka eziphathekayo kakuhle-ntle yabemi Russian.