Iingalo Wehrmacht Small. iingalo encinane Wehrmacht kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. iingalo Small Germany

Ngenxa eSoviet umboniso malunga kwemfazwe, abantu abaninzi baye baba uluvo ngcembe ukuba ubunzima lwezixhobo ezincinane (ifoto ngezantsi) nomkhosi German ngexesha Second World War - kuyakuqhubeka (SMG), "Schmeisser" inkqubo, leyo ibizwa ngokuba kumagama wayo umyili. Le intsomi kule mini luxhaswe yi cinema yesizwe. Noko ke, eneneni, lo matshini ethandwayo ungazange isixhobo omkhulu we Wehrmacht, ndadala kwakungelula Hugo Schmeisser. Noko ke, izinto eziza kuqala.

Njani iinkolelo

Bonke abasebenzi kufuneka bazazi bhanya zasekhaya zanikezelwa esihlasela nomkhosi German kwi izikhundla zethu. guys nesibindi mhlophe ngokukhawuleza, akukho bavele, kwaye ukuziphatha kumatshini ukudubula 'ukusuka hip ". Yaye uninzi umdla kukuba le nto abamangali nabani na, ngaphandle kwabo emfazweni. Ngokutsho movie, "Schmeisser" akwazi ukuqhuba umlilo ejoliswe kumgama elifanayo njengoko afohlela amajoni ethu. Ukongeza, umbukeli xa ujonga ezi bhanya bacinge ukuba abasebenzi yonke elihamba German ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, bexhobe ngemipu machine. Eneneni, yonk 'into eyahlukileyo, kunye umpu sub-kumatshini - akukho iingalo omncinane Wehrmacht enkulu, kwaye "ukusuka hip" akunakwenzeka ukuba kutolwe kulo, waza wayibiza loo nto "Schmeisser". Ukongeza, ukuba enze uhlaselo imisele ukwahlula submachine, apho kukho abantu abalwa, axhobe afohlela store - oku yi ukuzibulala ecacileyo, njengoko imisele nje ukuba ehle omnye.

intsomi likhona ngompu oluzenzekelayo MP-40

Iingalo encinane Wehrmacht kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II ubizwa ngokusemthethweni SMG (Maschinenpistole) MP-40. Enyanisweni, iba loyamano yomatshini MP-36. Umenzi le modeli, echasene inkolelo edumileyo, akukhona gunsmith H. Schmeisser, kwaye igcisa odumileyo ngokulinganayo abanamakhono Genrih Folmer. Kwaye kutheni kuye ngokuqinileyo wanamathela isiteketiso "Schmeisser"? Eyona nto kukuba Schmeisser babe igunya lokwenza engoovimba, esetyenziswa kule nkqutyana-matshini imipu. Kwaye ukuze ukucinezela copyright yakhe, ngolokuqala MR-40 amaqashiso kwi ivenkile receiver isitampu umbhalo ZAMALUNGELO SCHMEISSER. Xa ezi imishini sazithimbela ukuba amajoni bemikhosi eManyeneyo, bona impazamo yokucinga ukuba umbhali wale modeli lwezixhobo ezincinane, Kakade ke, Schmeisser. Oko kuba MP-40 kwaye silungise le isiqhulo.

guns Ekuqaleni, i-High Umyalelo German into baxhobe umyalelo kuphela isakhiwo. Ngoko ke, amaqela nomkhosi ka MP-40 ukuba kuphela nomkhosi abathetheli, umlomo kunye neeofisi. Kamva pistols okuzenzekelayo enikwa abaqhubi bezithuthi vehicles, amatanki kunye paratrooper. Mass of akukho mntu nomkhosi i baxhobe nokuba 1941 okanye emva. Ngokutsho yokugcina ka umkhosi waseJamani ngo-1941, ibutho oomatshini 250.000 kuphela MP-40, yaye abantu abazizigidi 7,234. Njengoko ubona, umpu submachine - akukho nto isixhobo omkhulu kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ngokubanzi, kuba ixesha lonke - ukususela 1939 ukuya 1945 - zaveliswa million 1.2 kuphela ezi matshini, ngoxa kwezinye iindawo Wehrmacht yenzelwe abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-21.

Kutheni elihamba abaxhobileyo MP-40?

Nangona yokuba ziingcali baye bayiphawula emva koko LL-40 - oku iingalo kakhulu encinane kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II amaqela nomkhosi le Wehrmacht waba unit yakhe. Isizathu ilula: uluhlu abalibona kule umatshini kwiinjongo iqela kuphela 150 m, kwaye single - 70 m Oku nangona amajoni eSoviet bexhobe Mosin umpu kunye Tokarev (SVT), abalibona Uluhlu leyo 800 m ukuze qela. iinjongo 400 m single. Ukuba amaJamani owalwa ngezixhobo ezo uboniswe bhanyabhanya Russian, abasoze baye bakwazi ukufikelela imisele utshaba, babeya shot njengoko dash.

Zokudubula on the go 'ukusuka hip "

gun Submachine MP-40 kunye eshukuma badubula, kwaye ukuba usebenzisa yona, njengoko kubonisiwe kule umboniso, iimbumbulu zisoloko endiza ngokubanzi njongo. Ngoko ke, umlilo olusebenzayo kufuneka ngokuqinileyo icinezelwe egxalabeni, emva lwakuba lwandile ndandisisigculelo. Ngaphezu koko, zange badubule Ungqabhuko nje kumo ngokukhawuleza kulo matshini. Amaninzi kubethwa ukudubuleka elifutshane 3-4 nemoto okanye umlilo elinye. Ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu yokusebenza lubonise ukuba izinga kwemijikelo 450-500 ngomzuzu, xa kusenziwa, ukuphumeza japan onjalo soze baphumelele.

Izinto eziluncedo MP-40

Asikwazi kuthi ukuba iingalo ezincinane kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II yaba embi, phezu koko, oko kakhulu, luyingozi kakhulu, kodwa kufuneka isetyenziswe kule melee. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubo nixhobile iiyunithi ngabom kuqala. Baya nazo basebenzisa Scouts komkhosi lwethu kunye luqalile ohloniphekileyo kulo matshini. Ukusetyenziswa melee imipu ophezulu-uqina ezilula zavuthwa izibonelelo eziphathekayo. Nangoku, MP-40 zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu-mthetho, kwaye ixabiso umatshini kwi ngomgunyathi liphezulu kakhulu. Abakhulule ukuba afumane "archeologists abamnyama", nto leyo kwiindawo uzuko emkhosini ukuba kumbiwe kwaye rhoqo ukufumana nokubuyisela izixhobo WWII.

mauser 98k

Yintoni uthini ngale carbine? Omakhwapheni zixhaphakileyo encinane eJamani - ikuqhuma "Mauser" system. Wakhe uluhlu abalibona ngokudubula ukuya ku-2000 m. Njengoko ubona, olu khetho lufana kakhulu Mosin umpu kunye SVT. Le carbine waphuhliswa ngo-1888. Ngexesha lemfazwe, esi sakhiwo iye yaphuculwa ngokubonakalayo, ikakhulu ngenxa ukunciphisa iindleko, kwakunye uhlengahlengiso kwimveliso. Ukongeza, iingalo encinane i Wehrmacht yafakwa kunye izinto owawusisibonakude kunye neeyunithi sniper zagqitywa kubo. Ingathengwa "Mauser" inkqubo ngelo xesha kwinkonzo yimikhosi ezininzi, ezifana Belgium, eSpeyin, Turkey, eCzechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia naseSweden.

Self-ukulayisha umbayimbayi

Ekupheleni kuka-1941 kweli iiyunithi nomkhosi le Wehrmacht iimvavanyo zomkhosi wafumana inkqubo yokuqala oluzenzekelayo umpu self-ukulayisha Walter G-41 ne G-41 Mauser. imbonakalo yazo ngenxa yokuba i-Red Army emi ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi ngaphandle kwezi nkqubo: SVT-38 SVT-40 kunye ABC-36. Ukuze ivelise amajoni Soviet, gunsmiths waseJamani ngokukhawuleza kwafuneka ukuba iinguqulelo zabo kwezi shotgun. Ngenxa yokuba ezi mvavanyo ukuba nokwazeka ngcono akhutshwe yi-nkqubo G-41 (Walter system). Le umpu lixhotyiswe indlela nefuthe uhlobo ngesando. Yenzelwe ukuba nomlilo kuqhume enye kuphela. amandla ayo nezikhali kwemijikelo ezilishumi. Le umpu self-kulayishwa oluzenzekelayo eyenzelwe umlilo ejoliswe umgama okwisithuba seemitha 1,200. Noko ke, ngenxa ubunzima mkhulu isixhobo, kwakunye ukuthembeka eliphantsi kunye novakalelo kungcoliseko, oko yakhululwa kuthotho encinane. Ngowe-1943, abayili soyise ezi ntsilelo, wanikela uhlobo zaphuculwa le G-43 (Walter system), nto leyo yakhululwa mali ka amakhulu amawaka iiyunithi. Ngaphambi kokuba ngembonakalo amajoni ayo Wehrmacht wakhetha ukuba kusetyenziswe mbuka umbayimbayi SVT-40 eSoviet (!) Imveliso.

Ke kaloku, emva gunsmith waseJamani Hugo Schmeisser. Yenziwe iinkqubo ezimbini, ngaphandle imali Second World War.

Imipu - MP-41

Le modeli yenziwe ngentsebenziswano ne-MP-40. Lo matshini wayehluke kakhulu ukusuka eziqhelekileyo kuzo zonke iimovie "Schmeisser": ezi ziyenza ukuba zalungisa umthi, olukhusela fighter kane, waba kakhulu ngakumbi nokuzeka-barreled. Nangona kunjalo, le iingalo encinane i Wehrmacht hayi ngokubanzi kwaye ziyafumaneka ixesha elide. Total livelise iiyunithi malunga 26 amawaka. Kucingwa ukuba umkhosi waseJamani wala lo matshini ngokunxulumene isimangalo siqinise erma, wathi mthethweni lokukopa eyilwe layo elilodwa lomenzi. Firearms MR-41 ukusebenzisa inxalenye Waffen SS. Kananjalo zisetyenziswa ngempumelelo iiyunithi amaGestapo kunye rangers intaba.

MR-43 okanye StG-44

isixhobo elandelayo Wehrmacht (ifoto ngezantsi) Schmeisser phambili ngo-1943. Okokuqala, oko ogama MP-43, yaye kamva - StG-44, nto leyo ethetha "rifle» (sturmgewehr). Le umpu ngokuzenzekelayo imbonakalo, kwaye kwezinye iinkcukacha, ufana a Kalashnikov (owabakhoyo emva), kwaye yahlukile kakhulu ukusuka LL-40. Range ukuziphatha ejoliswe umlilo waba ukuya ku-800 m. At StG-44 de Kujongwe ithuba bokulungisa 30 mm sokuqhumisa yokuqalisa. Kuba zokudubula ukusuka ekuqaleni umlomo ezizodwa siqulunqwe umyili, wawabekayo phezu isicheme inxalenye baza isikhokelo imbumbulu ngama-32. Ukuveliswa mass yezi zixhobo hit kuphela ekwindla ka-1944. Ngexesha lemfazwe, oko wakhululwa malunga 450 amawaka ezi shotgun. Ngoko ezimbalwa amajoni aseJamani akwazi ukusebenzisa umpu enjalo. StG-44 zisiwe iiyunithi elite iiyunithi Wehrmacht kunye Waffen SS. Kamva, izixhobo ze-Wehrmacht besisetyenziswe omkhosi ye GDR.

FG-42 umpu oluzenzekelayo

Ezi iikopi ezazijoliswe amajoni emoyeni. Bahlanganisa iimpawu ekulweni le umpu womatshini kunye umpu oluzenzekelayo. Development izixhobo bayithwala eqinile "Rheinmetall" ebudeni imfazwe, xa, emva kokuba uvavanyo lweziphumo lwemisebenzi emoyeni kwenziwa Wehrmacht, kwafunyaniswa ukuba imipu sub-umatshini MP-38 ayihlangabezani ngokupheleleyo iimfuno ekulweni le hlobo amajoni. Iimvavanyo zokuqala afohlela ziye zabanjwa ngowe-1942, yaye kwangaxeshanye iye yamkelwa. Ekusebenziseni, wathi iingalo kunye watyhila iziphene ezinxulumene amandla eliphantsi kunye nozinzo ngexesha badubula oluzenzekelayo. Ngowe-1944 wakhulula i umpu zaphuculwa FG-42 (2 Model), kunye nemodeli 1 ngaphandle kwemveliso. Isixhobo kubangela esi sixhobo ivumela umlilo oluzenzekelayo okanye elinye. Le umpu yenzelwe iCartridge standard Mauser 7,92 mm. umthamo Magazine 10 okanye 20 rounds. Ukongeza, le ingathengwa kusetyenziselwa kudutyulwe iziqhushumbisi umpu okhethekileyo. Ukwenzela ukuphucula uzinzo xa endizixunayo phantsi umphanda iqhotyoshelwe bipod. FG-42 umpu yenzelwe zokudubula kumgama 1,200 m Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu ukhululwe ambalwa :. Zizonke amawaka 12 iiyunithi imifuziselo zombini.

Luger P08 kunye noWalter P38

Ngoku cinga zeziphi iintlobo imipu ababesenkonzweni kunye umkhosi waseJamani. "Luger", igama lakhe yesibini "Parabellum", yaba bodidi 7,65 mm. Ekuqaleni kwemfazwe kwakukho ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi nje ezi pistols iindawo umkhosi waseJamani. Iingalo encinane Wehrmacht zaye zaveliswa de 1942, yaye emva koko yenza "Walter" inokuthenjwa.

Le gun wamkelwa inkonzo ngo-1940. Wayefuna nomlilo 9 mm iimbumbulu, umthamo lowu kwemijikelo 8. Abalibona ekungabalwa "Walter" - iimitha 50. Lakhutshwa 1945. Inani lilonke kukhutshwa pistols P38 ibe malunga nama-1 million iiyunithi.

Izixhobo kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II: MG-34, uM-42 kunye MG-45

Ekuqaleni imi--30 ka umkhosi waseJamani kwagqitywa ukuseka umpu kumatshini, nenokuthi isetyenziswe umatshini enzima, kunye nencwadana yemigaqo. Babemele nomlilo kwi moya utshaba kwaye kuxhotyiswe kwiitanki. Ngoko ke umpu MG-34, yenzelwe yi bumabumela "Rheinmetall" wazibeka inkonzo ngo-1934 Xa ekuqaleni ngamajoni kwi Wehrmacht, kwakukho malunga nama-80 amawaka ezi zixhobo zaba. Umpu machine nga umlilo edubuleyo owodwa kwaye ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuze wenze oku, waba 'umnyele kunye emathambekeni ezimbini. Xa ucofa kwi kuqhume eziphezulu ziye wadubula enye, kwaye xa unqakraza kwi uphantsi - Imigca. Kuba kwakuthetha Mauser umpu neekhatriji 7,92x57 mm, nokukhanya okanye iimbumbulu enzima. Yaye ke 40 abaye ziphuhlisiwe kwaye wasebenzisa isikrweqe-osisaqhwithi, tracer weentonga lihlaba, umphathi wezikrweqe lihlaba sigade kunye nezinye iintlobo emthethweni. Kule kwisigqibo sokuba umfutho utshintsho kwiinkqubo izixhobo kunye namaqhinga basebenzisa yaba kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini.

iingalo Small, eyasetyenziswa kwi nkampani, kwaye zazaliswa imodeli entsha umpu womatshini - MG-42. Iveliswe zithathelwe inkonzo ngo-1942 kunye. Abayili lula kakhulu kwaye iwenza nokuveliswa kwezixhobo. Ngoko ke, xa imveliso yawo lisetyenziswa ndawo welding, bexhentsa kunye nenani iindawo lancipha ukuya 200 umpu aqala ikuvumela ukugcina phantsi kovavanyo, kuphela umlilo oluzenzekelayo - 1200-1300 rounds ngomzuzu. utshintsho enjalo ephawulekayo bube nefuthe elibi uzinzo iyunithi xa endizixunayo. Ngoko ke, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokuchaneka ekucetyiswa ukudubula Ukuvutha elifutshane. Ezakhiwe ngayo umpu umatshini omtsha ziyafana le MG-34. Range umlilo ejoliswe yaba ngeekhilomitha emibini. Umsebenzi weni kuphuculo le yoyilo kwaqhubeka de kube sekupheleni kuka-1943, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni kusekwe ukuguqulwa entsha, eyaziwa ngokuba MG-45.

Le gun ubunzima kg 6.5 kuphela, kwaye izinga yaba rounds 2400 ngomzuzu. Phela, a izinga efanayo lomlilo ayikwazanga ndoqhayisa namnye nomkhosi umatshini umpu ngelo xesha. Noko ke, le ukulungiswa weza kakhulu emva kwexesha kwaye kange nixhobe i Wehrmacht.

Anti-itanki nemipu: PzB-39 no Panzerschrek

PzB-39 ngonyaka ka-1938. Kuyinto isixhobo yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi, kunye impumelelo lasebenza kuqala ukulwa tankettes, amatanki kunye nezithuthi vehicles abe isikrweqe iimbumbulu. Against kwamatanki kakhulu transport (i-French B-1, amaNgesi "uMathilde" yaye "Churchill", iSoviet T-34 kunye KV), eli umpu ke mhlawumbi akusebenzi, okanye ngamampunge. Ngenxa yoko, ngokukhawuleza indawo antitank izindululi sokuqhumisa nemipu ngexabiso-kuqhube "panzerschreck", "Ofenror" kwaye odumileyo "Panzerfaust". In PzB-39 7.92 ukuvuleka iCartridge kusetyenziswa mm. Adubula uluhlu leemitha 100, ubuchule ukuvumela punctured "ezibengezelayo" 35 mm isikrweqe.

"Panzerschreck". Oku ukukhanya isixhobo anti-itanki German ingumfuziselo basis of "Bazooka" jet American umpu. abayili German aye caba wayo, nto leyo livikelwe ngumsi ezishushu Utolo babalekayo iziqhushumbisi umlomo. Ezi zixhobo njengeprayorithi anikezelweyo inkampani antitank ezinenjini regiments umpu ezithile itanki. guns Jet baba isixhobo esinamandla kakhulu. "Panzerschreck" sisixhobo ukusetyenziswa iqela yaye ukukhonza ukubala, ebandakanya abantu abathathu. Ngenxa yokuba entsonkothileyo kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kufuneka izibalo uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. Xa iyonke ngo-1943-1944 lona iiyunithi 314.000 of ngemipu kunye neziqhushumbisi ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezibini ngexabiso-ngokwaso kubo.

iziqhushumbisi, "bazookas" kunye "Panzerfaust"

Iminyaka yokuqala Second World War wabonisa ukuba imipu antitank abakwazi ukumelana nale misebenzi, ngoko ke umkhosi waseJamani afuna izikhali antitank, onokuwatshintsha ukuxhobisa elihamba, owenza lo mgaqo "umlilo -. Bathela" Uphuhliso isiqhushumbisi manual ezilahlwayo HASAG ekuqaleni siqinile 1942 (umyili oyintloko Langvayler). Kwaye emva koko ngo-1943 yaqala kwimveliso. I yokuqala 500 "Panzerfaust" wangena nomkhosi Agasti kunyaka omnye. Zonke iindlela antitank sokuqhumisa ifana kuyilo: ukuba wayebunjwa umphanda (smoothbore Umbhobho azotywe) kunye neziqhushumbisi nadkalibernoy. Kumphezulu engaphandle womatshini isando umphanda welding, kwaye isixhobo ukuwina.

"Panzerfaust" yenye yezona iinguqulelo ezininzi ezinamandla "bazookas", nolwathi lwaphuhliswa ekupheleni kwemfazwe. Beqhumisa uluhlu kwaba 150 m kunye iintonga - 280-320 mm. "Panzerfaust" yaba kukusetyenziswa okuphindwayo isixhobo. Umgqomo uyayinikwa ukubambelela isiqhushumbisi ngompu, sikweyona indlela ezibanga, intlawulo propellant ibekwe buti. Ukongeza, abayili bakwazi ukunyusa isantya iziqhushumbisi moya. Ngaphezu kwezigidi ezisibhozo sokuqhumisa zonke iinguqulelo yaveliswa ngexesha lemfazwe. Olu hlobo isixhobo kwadala ilahleko enkulu ukuya kwiitanki eSoviet. Ngoko ke, kule mpi phezu ngaphandle eBerlin malunga nama-30 ekhulwini izithuthi vehicles zatshatyalaliswa, yaye ngexesha esitratweni ukulwa ikomkhulu eJamani - 70%.

isiphelo

I-Second World War kwaba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu amancinci, kuquka izixhobo oluzenzekelayo zehlabathi, uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa amaqhinga. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba, nangona ukudalwa nezikhali kakhulu mihla, indima iiyunithi nomkhosi akukho lifinyele. Amava amaninzi ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ngaloo minyaka ezikhoyo namhlanje. Enyanisweni, yaba isiseko sophuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa lwezixhobo ezincinane.