Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo: Mozhaisk umema (inkcazo, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla)

Loluphi uhlobo isixeko apho ezikwere zeekhilomitha elinesibhozo embindini ezinomtsalane kubaluleke kakhulu? Mozhaisk - isixeko ubomi ukutyhubela iinkulungwane fumene ikhaya isigxina ezinye zezona zinto uzukileyo yembali yayo. Isendaweni Moscow, inkangala, xa efikelela kuyo umlambo igama elifanayo, emideni Gzhatsk ukudakumba, lo mzi akukho isiganeko esiphambili ezopolitiko, hayi yasindiswa kungekho mfazwe, kwaye hayi ukuba basuka kude phambi kwenkulungwane weshumi, xa Mozhaisk ekhankanywe kuqala encwadini yeembali.

Prince Yaroslav

Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Mozhaysk lokwandisa ixesha elide. Naxa yena ilungu ESmolensk ubulawuli, ukomelezwa yenduli kufuphi nomlambo Mozhayki wanceda zigxothe behlasela abamelwane. Prince Vladimir and Suzdalskiy Yaroslav wayefuna wasithimba isixeko.

Kwaba ngoko ukuba ngamahlathi le ndawo ngewuthe shwaka phantsi ingcambu, kungenjalo ukuziphendulela isixeko bekuya kuba nzima, ngoko ke intaba wavula review akuthinteli flight boom. Wood waya iinqaba eyakhelwe kwi - ilizwe ngokukhawuleza wendele, ukuba kuvunwe kakhulu otyebileyo natyebileyo.

iyangena

Posada wakhula ngokukhawuleza emva kwexesha elifutshane sele ifikelele uMlambo eMoscow. Poor kukuba ngenxa yokungabikho ehlathini kakhulu Mozhaika waba nzulu, yaye namhlanje ikho nokubakho nomsinga ityhafile. Le kufutshane embindini lizwe ngokuqinileyo edityaniswe umzi bayahlelwa of Russia, iindawo ezininzi Mozhaisk waqhubeka ndingqina ngalo. Indlalifa kuqala ilizwe - Theodore (Mnyama) Rostislavich - yaye baba ngo-1239 umthetheli yokuqala, ukuze lo mzi ube ubulawuli elizimeleyo.

Russ yaba kakhulu luyacolwa bahlulelana ngelo xesha, ngoko kwaba nzima ukumelana abahlaseli. Phantse amabini kwezixeko ezichithakeleyo kule minyaka Dyudeneva umkhosi, kuquka Mozhaisk. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo agcinwe kwi iimyuziyam aloo mzi, liciko gqitha. Ewe nawengingqi, abahlala ebumelwaneni, nabathetheli kunqabile Bahlala ngoxolo. Kakhu- kwaba nzima ukugcina ukuzimela, kancinane mngquli ubulawuli - kwaye ke ngoko inyathelwe.

eMoscow

Ekuqaleni umzabalazo ngenkulungwane XIV phakathi abathetheli asebumelwaneni yaphela eqale ngenkani Mozhaisk eMoscow ulawulo uYuri Danilovich, phantsi nengalo yakhe eyomeleleyo. Ukuze ixesha elide obalawulayo isixeko Ivan oluBomvu. Ngokubanzi, eli phakade akayisa kuphela izinto. Mozhaisk abanamava ubunzima ezingenakubalwa. Kabili woyiswa uhlambulukile: UAlgirdas evela Lithuania, ubetshisa le dolophu 1314, yaye emva koko ngokusebenzisa hlokondiba Tokhtamysh iminyaka emashumi mane kuphela ibubutyobo, baphangwe watshisa kwakhona nje ubunzima obukhulu, ukuba ukwakha isixeko. Oku kwaba buhlungu obukhulu.

Noko ke, iziganeko bangenathamsanqa akukho isuswe Mozhaisk njenge yokuhlala engundoqo eRashiya. Oku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, bekusoloko iziko ezinkulu zenkolo, umgcini icon edume St Nicholas of Mozhaisk, ingcwele umthandazo mthandazeli onke amadoda amazwe Orthodox. Mozhaysk ezinika baqhubeka lekhosi yabo, kodwa yonke into ngoku iziqu lonke umfanekiso igcinwa kwi Tretyakov Gallery, ekubeni naye ubutyebi eyodwa izithethe zobugcisa Russian kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesine.

Andrei Dmitrievich

Ngowe-1389 kwetrone wahlala Prince noAndreya - unyana ka-Don winner. Ke Mozhdysk ezinika nobumelwane kwakhona yakhiwe kakuhle ngamatye izakhiwo zetempile. Ferapont Belozersky ngoko akwazi ukwakha Luzhetsky eMonastri edumileyo, kwaye ngoku ebizwa ngokuba Ferapontov weemonki.

Ngelo xesha elifanayo Mozhaisk waba ingakumbi zonke iintlobo zobugcisa omfuphi, ukuze emva kwinkulungwane yeshumi isixeko uphuhliso kwiziko evenkileni. Ngaphandle Mozhaisk wachukumisa iindlela ezininzi zorhwebo, yade ukuya ngasentshona.

isifo

Le minyaka enzima, Kakade ke, ababa ukuhambahamba isixeko okanye kuyaqapheleka. ubuncinane iminyaka emithathu imithetho ally False nguDmitry II, abanekratshi Pole Vladislav, esandleni ethe ubunzima yamashwa amaninzi isixeko Mozhaysk. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo eqokelelwe kwiimyuziyam lungakungqina oku xesha, malunga uhlobo lomsebenzi kunye naziphi na iilahleko ezixabisa ekhupha bahlaseli.

Kuphela 1618, basemzini, kunye hlazo wagxothwa ezweni lokuzalwa Russian, babuya ukuziphindezela, kodwa ukuthatha Mozhaisk akukenzeki: i abaphikisana yobuqhawe, waza wayalela ukuba Boris Lykov-Obolensky. Ubungqina baloo maxesha baba ezinika amaninzi kunye iimyuziyam Mozhdysk niyoyike kwivenkile yabo.

ukulahlekelwa

Kwinkulungwane elinesixhenxe isixeko ihonjiswe ngamatye yesicelo of Dmitriya Pozharskogo begxeka owayesakuba warlord Mozhaisk. Okubuhlungu kukuba, unanamhla yalondolozwa kuphela inxalenye encinane ababedume yamandulo, kuba ngenxa ezithile yezizathu ezingaziwayo, uCatherine II wayalela ukuba yokudiliza inkqubo yesicelo. Of le izitena lokusinda yakhiwa Novo-Nikolsky itempile complex. Kodwa ngokuya sihle kwaye waba yena kwisithili Mozhaisk kunye Mozhaisk. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo ezigcinwe kwabo maxesha kuyabonakala yonke.

Kwaye ngo 1723 Mozhaisk ukubeka unyawo kwindlela yophuhliso mveliso. ibhodi Manufactory yayalela okwilizwe ukwenza imveliso yeglasi. It Mozhajskij iglasi mveliso crystal mveliso Mozhayskaya kungekudala yaziwa kulo lonke eRashiya. Kodwa njengokuba yesicelo Mozhaisk kwaye oku baphulukana nobuqaqawuli. Ukuze ukuba uyagawulwa, ngoko phantse ukubatshabalalisa ehlathini, xa isibini amashumi eminyaka, yeeNgwevu wayalela ukuya kwimveliso. Ngoku wonke Mozhayskaya njengokwasesipilini ubuqaqawuli - ukuya Goose River kufuphi Vladimir, iimveliso phantsi igama lebrendi UGus-Crystal kwaye sathi abonakalisa ngokwabo, kodwa zibandakanyiwe ezinika Mozhaisk. Iidilesi, nto leyo kwakhona ibhondi wegqitha umlomo kumlomo abemi kulo mzi zenkulungwane elinesibhozo, azisekho kwaukubakho.

KweMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba Mozhaisk wadibana isixeko abazizityebi nempumelelo ngokufanelekileyo, nangona lephondo. inkqubo enocwangco siqulathe zokuhlala elinesihlanu yekeyeke amashumi ezininzi izitrato sitsib. amaxwebhu Historical zibonisa ukuba ngoko Mozhaisk waba izindlu ngaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu enkulu eyenziwe ngomthi, iivenkile zaba ngamashumi omathandathu, ezintathu yonke ekhaya ukusela kunye zokutyela, nabazalwana ngaphezu kweshumi, izityalo ezininzi: yesikhumba, Breweries. Ngoko ke wambamba 1812. Hi ndlela leyi, kwaye Mozhaisk alondoloze ubeko lokuqala kweyeshumi elinesibhozo. Usenokubona izakhiwo omdala, izakhiwo ezininzi.

abahlaseli French esaphethe Luzhetsky Monastery, uNapoleon ke ine apho, a seemitha ezimakhulu ukusuka edumileyo etempileni Novo-Nikolsky. Ebaleka, babeka umlilo woonongendi indala eRashiya. Ingaphakathi ezizodwa woonongendi kufuneka kwakhona kuya kuze kwenzeke. Kuba MOZHAYTSEV yaba yintlekele enkulu, kuba unqulo woonongendi olugoso. Ngowe-1908, xa besibhiyozela quincentenary ye woonongendi, umngcelele yafikelela amawaka amaninzi Orthodox, kuquka irhuluneli eMoscow, iinkokheli wabanumzana, yaye, ke, Metropolitan.

kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini

City of Military Glory Mozhaysk - umzekelo uxhathiso enobukroti utshaba, abeza phantsi kweflegi lwamaNazi. Umsebenzi - ikhasi lulusizi kwimbali Mozhaisk, kodwa ke eyona sobugorha yabanqolobi odumileyo kunye nemisebenzi efihlakeleyo liphela kummandla lo mmandla. Eli bhotwe lenkumbulo, lunikezelwa abakhululi angesabi looMawokhulu ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic - litye lesikhumbuzo ibalulekileyo kule ndawo.

Kakade emnyango esixeko kunokubonwa ukuba na ukungena apha kunye ngesinyanzeliso kwamanye amazwe kunye nemisebenzi nokuba nto yalapha: Architecture, iimpawu yeNkcubeko umzi Mozhaysk - Russia. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo ichaza ngaye memory imbali intliziyo lizwe. iimyuziyam iSikhumbuzo apha ezimbalwa, ukongeza, izenzo kunye nembali kunye bokwakha. Ukongeza, onke abakhenkethi neendwendwe waphawula indlela kuba sithi ndijonge, njengoko uhlobo ezintle namadlelo, ingakumbi ekuthiwa-ulwandle Mozhaiskogo. Ukujonga bonke ubuhle apha ephuhliswa kakuhle kwaye kwasekwa ukhenketho samahashe kunye ibhayisekile. Kwakhona, abakhenkethi badumise Mozhayskiye zokuqubha kunye lokuloba.

Ngena Mozhaisk

Ukusuka eMoscow emzini oza anobukroti ezizodwa ngesiqu uzuko wamajoni, kunokuba lula kakhulu kwaye elula, apha yemoto ezibalaseleyo kunye kaloliwe - kwiikhilomitha ezilikhulu elineshumi kude, linokufikeleleka kwi kangangesiqingatha seyure okanye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe Belarusian okanye ibhasi ukusuka Victory Park. Imozulu kule ndawo akukho kwahluka eMoscow, imozulu enye eyingcathu njengezwekazi, imvula efanayo kunye amaxesha onyaka efanayo.

ulwandle Mozhayskoe, wabonakala isiqingatha senkulungwane eyadlulayo, emva kokusekwa edamini kuMlambo Moscow, akukho kuphela luncedo ulawulo, ngoku kukho indawo ethandwa abakhenkethi abasuka Mozhaisk kunye kude. It wabamba ngokugqibeleleyo intlanzi ngasechwebeni ehlathini kulinywa. Kwanda ezemidlalo yamanzi kunye neeholide lolwandle. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba eziphila Mozhaysk kwisithili ioyile zonke zokuhlala Moscow Region, umgangatho wamanzi ichibi emangalisayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kukho indawo Motels kakhulu bekhululekile. Noko ke, Nentabalala isithuba ukuba iphumle kunye intente.

yesicelo hill

Apha abakhenkethi abatyelela isikhumbuzi ezibalaseleyo kudala - isithuba wokhuselo main Western. Kokukhona ngokupheleleyo-aqukuqela kwinkulungwane yeshumi Mozhaika wathethelela kweleentaba icala, kwelinye - an uMfula ngumntu. Apha lokubiyela isagciniwe nangoku iintsalela kodonga inqaba enamandla, umhlaba udonga - isiseko kuyo - okuhle walondoloza. Kuyinto Kulusizi ukuba akwazi ukubona iinqaba ngqo ezintle ubudala yesicelo Mozhaisk, kuphela imifanekiso. Kodwa yintoni amane, salungiswa, sasekile.

Ungabona Cathedral of St Nicholas (izinto ezifanayo yaye inqaba yangaphambili - iindonga, neengcango, isango yamandulo tempile). Xa ibandla St Peter noPawulos nangoku walondoloza lokubhalela yokuqala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesine, Kakade ke, hayi ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye kananjalo ibe nomtsalane kubakhenkethi: Spring Ichibi kwi ukuphakama kuyimitha elinesixhenxe, ikhumbula kumaxesha amandulo. De kube ngoku, kukho ukuqhuba uphando zakudala, kunye uyafumana ezintle. Ngokomzekelo, kutshanje wafumana icon yesiGrike zamaXesha Aphakathi. Akukho ngaphantsi umdla ukuze zihlolwe zize Luzhetsky eMonastri, ukulondoloza izinto zamandulo nobuhle emangalisayo yeetempile.