Iimpawu kaloliwe, uphuhliso Trans-eSiberia

Trans-Siberian Railway - an kaloliwe emangalisayo kunye iyalibala mde ehlabathini lonke. It imvelaphi yayo inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya enqamleza nohlobo ezintle kwiMpuma Ekude. Nangona esi sakhiwo sihle wezandla zabantu, singaqondanga ngokuphindaphindiweyo umbuzo njengoko wabonakala nendlela ixesha elininzi lichithwe kwi ukwakhiwa kwale "wonder kaloliwe yehlabathi '?

Imbali lwesakhiwo

Lidla ixesha elininzi lichithwe kulwakhiwo ye-Trans-Siberian Railway. Imbali kunye amathuba nophuhliso lo mgca emangalisayo yaba yinxalenye yenkcubeko Russian. Indlela yakhiwa iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu. Ukususela mzuzu umphathi Nevel kwi emlonyeni Amur River yaphakamisa iflegi Russian, Emlonyeni wonke yaba ulwakhiwo Trans-Siberian Railway.

uphuhliso ziye esikhawulezileyo. Oku nakanjani kuyimfuneko ukuze uqhagamshelo ukuba babeziindleko ezinkulu eRashiya. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, le nkqubo ekhawulezayo abarhwebi, xa saqala ukucela umlawuli ngenxa yakhe. 1886 waba yomlambo: Alexander III wakhupha umyalelo, waza waqalisa umsebenzi wokwakha kudala elindelwe.

Ukukhala yokuqala zibalaselisa weza kummandla Miass. Kuthiwa ukuba phambene wayefanele ukuba ibe unina kaloliwe.

Mbusi kuqala

Isiseko esabekwa ngendlela ngokwanelisayo ingqungquthela - Tsarevich uNikolay wathulula kangangesandla emhlabeni imikhondo kaloliwe entsha. Yaba March 31 uthathwa umhla ezisemthethweni imisebenzi yokuqala. Kakade ngelo xesha imfuneko amakhonkco zothutho liye landa ngendlela emangalisayo.

Phakathi umhlaba Russian omtsha eMoscow amakhulu khilomitha, kunye nabantu kwi Urals lanyuka ukuya kwizigidi ezintathu. URhulumente wayesazi ukuba nje ifuna railway line omkhulu ukulungiselela uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo yonxibelelwano zothutho.

Ithemba kakhulu kaloliwe

Namathemba ukwakhiwa Trans-Siberian Railway yaba ebanzi kakhulu. Bayiphathe, Alexander III bamsukela nje kuphela injongo kwezoqoqosho. Isicwangciso sakhe, angathanda ukuphumeza ukutyalwa ngokukhawuleza amajoni ukuya Pacific Ocean. Kodwa nje kuphela injongo azithethwa.

Nokufika kwilaphu ngcono kakhulu indawo noqoqosho lweli lizwe. Russia wakwazi ukwandisa impembelelo yayo eMongolia China. Bonke beliya ngesantya elungileyo, ngowe-1886 indlela sele ifikelele Ufa, kunye neminyaka emithathu kamva - Chrysostom. Kodwa ke ngelishwa izinto azizange igudile ukuze ezinqwenelwayo.

Iingxaki nokungaqiniseki

Ukuba indlela wayebaleka emathafeni yokuqala tyaba, ngoku waqala imigxobhozo, iintaba kunye ziimfumba enkulu yamatye. Le meko ibidanisa, kunjalo, umlawuli ayikho ndisoyika. Waba ulalelwe kwaye engabumbeki nayiphi ukweyisela, isigqibo eso sathathwa - indlela iya kuba.
Ngethamsanqa, kukho inkxaso enkulu uMphathiswa oyiNtloko wezeMali kuye, nto leyo laqina kwaye nizimasekile ngenkolelo yokuba amathuba ukwenzela uphuhliso kaloliwe Trans-eSiberia iya mababuyekezwe ukuya bekulindelekile.

iingxaki zokwakha kaloliwe

Ukwakhiwa sele lanomfutho yaye ngowe-1891 enqanaweni igama "Petersburg" yimiqolo zokuqala zaye zathuthwa. Kodwa nje iimpahla ... In Vladivostok wazisa igweba mahlanu iinjineli. Ukuba abamisela ukuba babe abakhi sokuqala kwiprojekthi wamazwi. Abaninzi barhanela ukuba ezinye zeefekthi ukuhla ukusuka kwimbali kwesakhiwo iye ifihliwe. Lo msebenzi lwaqhutywa kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuya ngelaphu efanayo ngelo xesha wakha ngasempumalanga efanayo nasentshonalanga.

Ezinzima yaye bazilindele zemozulu ezininzi ikhubaze kwaye kakhulu kwadodobalisa phantsi irobhothi. Yayingumsebenzi onzima kakhulu, asingabo bonke igcinwe ... An ukunqongophala nokoyika mali, ezizezi imali yokwakha, andzise kakhulu le meko.

Ingxaki yayikukuba ekuqaleni eyabelwe ukwakhiwa engange ezingamakhulu amathathu anamashumi amahlanu ezigidi, kodwa emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa kamva kwacaca ukuba iindleko iza kuba ebonakalayo kakhulu ngakumbi. Akukho mntu wayekholelwa ukuba imali loo inokuba kunokwenzeka naluphi na amathuba kaloliwe Trans-eSiberia. Ngokufutshane yithi - yaqala kuphilwa: yehle udonga mfutshane sleepers, iibhulorho zakhiwa iinkuni, nto leyo ngokwayo yayiyingozi kakhulu.

Ezi meko zinje ababa kodwa ebonisa kwinani izitishi - baba kanye izihlandlo ezibini ezincinane kunokuba kwakucetyiwe kwasekuqaleni. Yaba inkcazelo wokwenene Trans-Siberian Railway. amathuba Development kamnandi, Noko ke, ngokukhawuleza kwacaca mhlophe ukuba kwakuza kubakho iingxaki ezinkulu.

imisebenzi Faka

Kakade, kwakukho kwezemisebenzi ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki. Kwisiza yokwakha ngexesha lenkqubo yokusebenza, lonke ixesha, kwakukho malunga ikhulu elinamanci amawaka abantu. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho bobabini zasekuhlaleni kunye neendwendwe.
Bonke Babefuna ukuba adle, asele, kwafuneka into kwambatha. izixhobo ezinqabileyo zisuka kude. Highway kwalula ngokupheleleyo ngesandla. Yizani kule ndawo zintatheli robot bothuka koko akubona: emi esinqeni-nzulu kwikhephu ezinodaka, abantu imini yonke ukugawulwa hlathi ashinyeneyo. Bona iiyure ezilishumi elinesithandathu ngosuku ilokhwe ekukhanyeni kunye neembadada umququ Ncothuka iingcambu kunye kwizikhondo.

Trans-Siberian Railway: izicwangciso zexesha elizayo

Ngokubanzi, abantu abangaphezu kwamashumi amabini anesihlanu amawaka kunokubeka impilo yabo nje kuphela, kodwa ubomi ulwakhiwo wonder wesibhozo zehlabathi. Yeni iziphumo zemali, abasemagunyeni wakhalisa uhlahlo-mali kaloliwe - nesiqingatha sesigidi engange zegolide. Kwixa elizayo sihlelwe nokubuyiselwa wayo, nto leyo kuthathwa yi abaninzi kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwi-mali karhulumente.
Ukugqitywa kokwakhiwa ibhulorho kufuphi iyavuma. Kuye kwakhiwa phezu Amur komlambo. Ngubani ababecinga ukuba emva zonke kuya kubakho Trans-Siberian Railway. Amathuba ophuhliso kunye neendlela zokuphucula impumelelo kaloliwe phantsi ingqalelo esebenzayo kule mini. Waye iintshaba ezininzi kangaka kunye nokuphikisa ngokunyanisekileyo abayiqondi kutheni ukutyala imali yoluntu kangaka kule projekthi ekuthiwa ezingaqondakaliyo, nangona kunjalo, kusekho kwixa elizayo uya kakhulu lalungiswa.

Iingxaki amathuba nophuhliso Trans-Siberian Railway

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, lo msebenzi ungundoqo zikaloliwe - ukuthutha imithwalo. Ngaphandle kwalo, eSiberia akasoze akwazi ukuphumeza oku kwinqanaba lophuhliso. Ngenxa yotshintsho emlanjeni Trans-eSiberia ukuba ngokoqobo wawagalela ioli kunye nengqolowa. Namhlanje, abantu abaninzi baye bakwazi ukuvavanya ukubaluleka kwezoqoqosho zeqhinga kaloliwe. Ukusebenzisa ukuba ukufumana kwimimandla engundoqo ye-lizwe kunokuba sitshiphu ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela zale mihla zothutho.

Ngelishwa, nyaka ngamnye ungabona indlela umthamo wayo wezibonelelo lifinyele. Kuye kucace ukuba kaloliwe ifuna ukulungiswa kakhulu. Nokufika ubugcisa bale mihla ukuthi awubonakali ingxaki, kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba zabakho kwinkulungwane XIX kunye kakhulu kwimeko entle. Ntoni ikamva Trans-Siberian Railway? uphuhliso kaninzi kuphela ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi zezibonelelo ezininzi kwiMpuma Ekude kunye naseMpuma eSiberia.
Le iingcamango eziqhelekileyo ezifana ezizezona kungenzeka ukuba iinkampani zabucala musa ube nemali eyaneleyo, kuba ezinxulumene imingcipheko ezithile zemali. Nangona kunjalo, iye zalo eziluncedo. Ukuba uncedo iprojekthi iza kubuyiselwa ebomini, kuya kudala inani elikhulu lemisebenzi kunye, ngenxa yoko ke, ukutsalwa kwerhafu-mali karhulumente. Kwaba olunzulu abalinganiswa of the Trans-Siberian Railway. Amathuba nophuhliso mikhulu, kodwa kuya kubakho?