Imajini - umahluko phakathi ... amagama kwezoqoqosho. Indlela ukubala eludinini

amagama Economic kudla luyathandabuzeka ziyabhidisa. Obekwayo ingqiqo yabo enobuchwepheshe, kodwa ukuchaza amazwi akhe karhulumente, ngaphandle nawuphi na ukulungiswa, abangafane amathuba. Kodwa lo mthetho ngaphandle kwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha, eli binzana eziqhelekileyo, yaye ngo-nzulu phando kuyacaca ukuba ngokupheleleyo zonke amaxabiso ayo baziwa kuphela kwisangqa elimxinwa zeengcali.

Thina sivile yonke into, kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi

Thatha elithi "imajini" umzekelo. Wegama kulula kwaye kuthiwa ngemihla. Amaxesha amaninzi yinto ekhoyo entetho kwabantu kude asuswe kuqoqosho okanye stock zorhwebo.

Uninzi ukholelwa ukuba imajini - umahluko phakathi nayiphi na indicators eyohlobo olulodwa. Xa unxibelelwano ngemihla eli gama lisetyenziswa kwi ingxoxo yenzuzo zorhwebo.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ngokupheleleyo onke amaxabiso-ngqondweni wengqiqo ngokubanzi ngokwaneleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda umntu mihla yonke into kwekota, kangangokuba mzuzu engalindelekanga ngokwabo "ukuba ningethi ebusweni."

USt kuqoqosho

theory Economic uthi imajini - umahluko phakathi ixabiso imveliso kunye nexabiso layo. Ngamanye amazwi, kuba ibonakalisa ukuba afezekiswa kakuhle kangakanani na imisebenzi yale nkampani igalelo kwinguqu yengeniso zibe yinzuzo.

Imajini - elithile isizalwane, lubonakaliswa njengepesenti.

Makhe sibone ukuba ukubala indlela eludinini:

Imajini = Inzuzo / Revenue * 100.

Ifomula ilula, kodwa ukuze wabhideka ekuqaleni kwekota sifundo, cinga umzekelo olula. Le nkampani usebenza esima-30%, oku kuthetha ukuba ingeniso ngamnye imali engange-30 kopecks inzuzo umnatha, yaye eziseleyo iisenti 70 - iindleko.

imajini gross

Ekuhlalutyeni inzuzo lweshishini isalathisi eziphambili zombini misebenzi eludinini gross. Ifomula ukubala limela umahluko phakathi iinzuzo evela kwintengiso kwixesha kunye neendleko eziguquguqukayo kwemveliso ezi mveliso.

Kuphela inqanaba lomda ezinzulu ayikuvumeli uvavanyo ngokupheleleyo imeko yemali yenkampani. Kwakhona, ngoncedo lwakhe ayikwazi kuhlalutywa ngokupheleleyo kunye nemiba ethile imisebenzi yayo. Kuyinto sisalathisi yohlalutyo. Yena ibonisa indlela impumelelo kwinkampani xa iyonke. imajini Gross wadala yi Ukuxelenga abasebenzi echithwe ekuvelisweni impahla okanye ubonelelo ngeenkonzo.

Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye into enye, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kubalwa into efana "imajini gross". Le ndlela inokuba ukuthatha ingqalelo inzuzo amashishini busebenzisekayo kunye noshishino. Ezi ziquka bhala-off akhawunti ezifunyenweyo kwaye imele ukuhlawulwa, isibonelelo non-ezorhwebo kweenkonzo, ingeniso evela ukuziphatha eliluncedo loluntu, njalo-njalo. D.

Kuba umhlalutyi kunyanzelekile ukuba ukubala umda esinzulu, njengoko esi salathisi ezidaleka yenzuzo le nkampani, kunye mali kuphuhliso olungaphezulu.

Xa Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho, kukho enye indlela efanayo ukuze eludinini esinzulu, ibizwa ngokuba "imajini nzuzo" kwaye ibonisa imbuyekezo on yokuthengisa. Oko kukuthi, isabelo lengeniso iyonke ingeniso.

Iibhanki kunye imajini

inzuzo Ibhanki kunye nemithombo yayo kubonisa inani le indicators. Kuba uhlahlelo umsebenzi kumaziko enjalo yamkelwe ukubala baninzi kangangesine elinephepha ezahlukeneyo:

• imajini Credit inxulumene ngqo umsebenzi izivumelwano ngetyala, ichazwa umahluko phakathi isixa esixeliweyo uxwebhu loyiswa itsalwe ngesandla.

• imajini Bank zibalwe umahluko phakathi kwenzala kwimali-mboleko kunye needipozithi.

• Net umdla imajini luphawu oluphambili lwe ukusebenza imisebenzi zebhanki. Ifomula ukubala kukhangeleka ngathi amathuba ratio yengeniso imali kunye neendleko kuzo zonke iintengiselwano-asethi zizonke le bhanki. imajini Net zibalwa ngokusekelwe zombini asethi zizonke i-Bank kunye ndabandakanyeka kuphela umsebenzi okwangoku.

• Warranty imajini - umahluko phakathi kwexabiso inconywe ngummeli wowona kunye nemali elinikwe mboleki.

La umehluko

Kakade ke, uqoqosho akayithandi ambiguity, kodwa kwimeko ukusetyenziswa kwegama elithi "imajini 'into eyenzekayo. Kakade ke, kummandla karhulumente zonke efanayo iingxelo okuhlalutya engqinelanayo ngokupheleleyo kunye nabanye. Noko ke, ukuqonda Russian ibinzana elithi "imajini" kwi kurhwebo yahluke gqitha ukusuka yaseYurophu. ngxelo abahlalutyi amazwe ', oko lulwahlulo ingeniso evela kwintengiso yempahla ukuba ixabiso layo athengisa. Kulo mzekelo umda sicacisiwe njengepesenti. Sebenzisa eli xabiso lovandlakanyo relative impumelelo yomsebenzi yorhwebo nkampani. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba isimo sengqondo yaseYurophu nendlela ekubalwa ngayo umda phathiso ngokupheleleyo kunye engundoqo theory kwezoqoqosho, oko kubhalwe ngasentla.

ERashiya, ke, eli binzana iqondwa inzuzo net. Oko kukuthi, ubalo lwenziwa, nje endaweni igama omnye ngomnye. Uninzi bakuthi imajini - umahluko phakathi iinzuzo evela kwintengiso yempahla kunye neendleko nemveliso yayo (acquisition), ukuhanjiswa, ukuphunyezwa. Lubonakaliswa engange okanye ezinye ezifanelekileyo izibalo zemali. Kusenokwenzeka kongezelelwa ukuba umlinganiselo eludinini phakathi iingcali ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka kumthetho-siseko yokusetyenziswa kwegama elithi kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

USt yahlukile kwi eludinini sorhwebo?

Ngokuphathelele igama elithi "imajini", kukho iqela abadla. Abanye babo sele kuchaziwe, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu abangekenzi wathinta thina.

Kakhulu basoloko bexakaniseka kunye Isalathisi oyintsusa yorhwebo imajini. Umahluko Ilula kakhulu phakathi kwabo. imajini Inzuzo ihlobene malini. Enkcukacha ebonisa ukuba ukubala njani eludinini, siye esele zikhankanywe apha ngentla.

Umzekelo imifanekiso kuya kukunceda ukuba siyeke amathandabuzo ezivelayo.

Masithi le nkampani yathenga impahla $ 100 bethengisa ngenxa 150.

Thina ukubala mark urhwebo: (150-100) / 100 = 0,5. Ekubalwa wabonisa ukuba uphawu-up yi-50% yexabiso leempahla. Kwimeko yokubala umda ukuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: (150-100) / 150 = 0,33. Olubalo wabonisa udini 33.3%.

Uhlalutyo echanekileyo kwezalathisi

Kuba umhlalutyi professional kubaluleke kakhulu nje ukuba bakwazi ukubala isalathiso, kodwa kwakhona ukunika intsingiselo yalo abanobuchule. Lo ngumsebenzi onzima esifuna
nolwazi.

Kutheni le nto kubaluleke kangaka?

Iimpawu-mali kunokuba isalamane. Bona baphenjelelwa iindlela zovavanyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imigaqo, iimeko apho nkampani esenza ishishini, utshintsho lwemali Amandla okuthenga njalo njalo. D. Ngoko ke, ngenxa ubalo ayikwazi nangoko ukuchazwa "okubi" okanye "okulungileyo." Kufuneka usoloko wenze uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo.

Imajini kwiimarike stock

Exchange imajini luphawu ethile kakhulu. On a abarhwebi slang ngobuchule kunye nabarhwebi oko akuthethi inzuzo, njengoko kuzo zonke iimeko ezichazwe ngasentla. USt kwiimarike imfuyo nekungoku ingxamele ukuba uhlobo wammela imicimbi, nenkonzo imisebenzi enjalo ibizwa ngokuba "urhwebo eludinini".

Imajini urhwebo mgaqo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa kokugqitywa intengiselwano-mali akuthethi ukuhlawula imali ngokupheleleyo imvumelwano ngokupheleleyo, isebenzisa Siboleke imali broker yakho, kodwa idipozithi encinane kuphela ithathwa kwi-akhawunti yakhe. Ukuba iziphumo utyando olwenziwa yi-mali, ezimbi, ilahleko ehlanganiswa idipozithi yokhuseleko. Kule meko esahlukileyo, inzuzo iya kufakwa kwi imali efanayo.

iintengiselwano imajini kwenza kube lula nje kuphela ukwenza ukuthenga ngemali waboleka kumthengisi. Umthengi kwakhona ukuthengisa imali ebolekiweyo. Kulo mzekelo, kuya kufuneka ukuba ahlawule ityala kunye liphepha elinye, kodwa uzithenge yenziwa kancinane emva koko.

broker nganye inika zimali kunye nelungelo ukuqhuba urhwebo umda ngokwabo. Nangaliphi na ixesha, ukuba angala ukubonelela ngenkonzo enjalo.

Izinto eziluncedo zokuthengisa imajini

Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule imicimbi eziseludinini, batyali-mali ziya kufumana ezininzi zoncedo nenzuzo:

• Ukukwazi norhwebelwano kwiimarike zemali, ngaphandle kokuba akhawunti mali kahle esikhulu. Oku kwenza i zorhwebo umda ishishini eliphumelelayo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi, asifanele silibale ukuba neqondo lomngcipheko ayikho encinane kakhulu.

• Ithuba lokuba ukufumana ingeniso ezongezelelweyo kunye yehla kakhulu ngokwexabiso lemarike kwizabelo (kwiimeko apho umxhasi ibamba izibambiso broker).

• Ukuze bathengiselane zemali ezahlukeneyo akunyanzelekanga ukuba lifake imali zabo kwezi zemali.

ulawulo lweengozi

Ukunciphisa uSt enobungozi kokugqitywa zentengiselwano, umthengiseli unikela nganye mali yayo imali yokhuseleko kunye neqondo eludinini. Kwimeko nganye, le ubalo senziwa ngamnye. Umzekelo, ukuba emva kwenzeka intengiselwano kwi akhawunti yomtyali ukulinganisela negative, umda kwinqanaba ibalwa le ndlela ilandelayo:

URM = (DC + GI-CA) / (DW + CA), apho:

mali mali mazifakwe kwi idipozithi - DK;

SA - ixabiso yezabelo kunye nezinye izibambiso ze-mali, i-broker efunyenwe besibini;

Zi - ityala yomtyali ukuba umthengisi-mboleko.

Ihambo Sledkov kunokwenzeka kuphela xa inqanaba udini ubuncinane-50%, kwaye ngaphandle kokuba kubekwe ngenye indlela kwisivumelwano kunye client. Njengomthetho jikelele, i-broker akanakungena iintlawulo eziya kunciphisa izinga eludinini ngezantsi kumda elimisiweyo.

Ukongeza, iimfuno ukuze eludinini intengiselwano kwiimarike stock ebeka inani iimeko ezenzelwe ukufezekisa nokukhusela umthengisi ulwalamano kunye wemali. Ikhankanya ubuninzi bobungakanani ilahleko, ukuvuthwa ityala, ngokwemiqathango utshintsho contract, kwaye ngaphezulu.

Ukuze siqonde ukwahluka elithi "imajini" kwixesha elifutshane kunzima. Ngelishwa, kwinqaku elinye akunakwenzeka ukuxelela ngazo zonke iinkalo isicelo sayo. kuphela iingongoma eziphambili ukusetyenziswa kwayo zinikwe ingxabano ngasentla.