Iilwimi UNikolai: biography

Le yokuqala yenkulungwane XIX yabalasela ixesha enomtsalane 'yegolide "uncwadi Russian, nto leyo iimbongi elihle-kuthiwa ixesha Pushkin kaThixo. Ngoku ke iintsika ngonaphakade ingqondo, ulwazi uthando, ukulunga kunye nobuhle, ngokusekelwe ekwakhula ngaphezu kwesinye isizukulwana sabantu. Enye yezi kwiimbongi NM IiLwimi - omnye A. S. Pushkina kunye N. V. Gogolya.

UNikolay Yazykov: biography

Imbongi wazalelwa ngoMatshi 4, 1803 kwidolophu encinane iVolga Simbirsk. usapho lwalo yamandulo emihle iingcambu ezendeleyo. Esengumntwana, uNicholas wakhulela ngeyona izithethe zehlabathi. Yena wafumana imfundo esemagqabini ekhaya, ngoko ekuseni kakhulu waqalisa ukubhala isihobe, nokuba bakuziva lo msebenzi.

Xa wayeneminyaka eli-12, ngo-1814, waye wathunyelwa Institute of Engineers imigodi e St. Petersburg, kukho uqeqesho abazalwana bakhe ababini. Kodwa lo endle wayengekho umphefumlo ulwimi, yaye maxa wambi waziphosa izifundo zakhe. Noko ke, utitshala iincwadi Markov, ngubani wamthanda kufana nonyana, umfana ukufunda imisebenzi yophando ngenkuthalo kwaye University Derzhavin. Ngowe-1820, emva kokuphumelela, ulwimi wagqiba ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe kwisakhiwo Engineering, kodwa kungekudala wayeka ukuya esikolweni, waza wagxothwa.

Dorpat nokunganaki

E St. Petersburg Languages UNikolai Mikhailovich siqhelane isangqa umbhali odumileyo yaye ngo-1819 waba ngowokuqala eprintiweyo. Wazithanda yaye bafunda kunye nootitshala ezinkulu ezifana Karamzin, Zhukovsky, uyise, Byron, Pushkin kunye abaselula. isipho wakhe wokuqala zemibongo waphawula AF Voeikov ubani imibongo yakhe "Sorevnovatele". Ecebisa UNikolai Mikhailovich faka bulumko Dorpat University, apho imbongi waqalisa ukufunda Yurophu, iincwadi Western Russian, kwaye ngokoqobo wawela element lwabo lweenkobe.

abafundi baseyunivesithi ayedumile ngenxa adventures zabo fun, uzintyintye ngotywala-ukusela, ukusela iingoma, zamehlo kunye rapiers. izinto Iilwimi zaye waphawula, igama lenci ngu Zhukovsky kunye Pushkin Delwig, lowo ubembizile ngo-1824 ukuya Mikhaylovskoye yakhe kwivesi ukuya AN wabhalela Wolfe: "Ewe Yazikova imbongi Zisa nawe nam!". Kodwa intlanganiso yabo kwenzeka iminyaka emibini kuphela kamva.

ubomi bumnandi

Ngexesha gentle kakhulu yegama imbongi likaThixo yaziwa, iivesi zakhe sonorous badlula umculo kuculwa ekwayaleni umfundi. Iilwimi Nicholas wavuya Dorpat ubomi voluptuous, kodwa yena akazange ayeke isidima sakhe wesizwe. Kwaye nangona bume ezamahala nohlaza, iimvakalelo zakhe ngenxa kwilizwe lakhe bakhula imibongo omelele ziculwe.

Ngoko ke, nokuba waququzelela isangqa abafundi Russian. In Dorpat wachitha konke okusemandleni akhe iminyaka 8, kodwa ngenxa rhoqo ikhululekile binges university waphumelela ngaphandle idiploma ngo-1829. Yazikova kusindiswa yokuba yena ukufunda kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye ngexesha wabumba ilayibrari enkulu.

Ekubeni wadibana Pushkin Trigorskoye kwi Wolfe ngo-1826. Le ntlanganiso nempembelelo Yazikova yesihobe, kunye Pushkin ngokwakhe nixhamle ubuchule wembongi. Last wachaza zonke imifanekiso yakhe kumbongo wakhe zobungangamela "Trigorskoye".

EMoscow ne-Ofisi

Emva kokuba ephumelele ngo-1829 waya kuhlala eMoscow Wayehlala endlwini Elagin-Kireevskys kwiSango oluBomvu. Yizani naye rhoqo weza kutyelela Pushkin, Odoyevski, Baratynsky kunye nabanye. Imbongi bahamba ngokukhawuleza Slavophile isangqa "Moscow Gazette." Ngeli xesha wabhala oluninzi yaso, kunokuthiwa imibongo kakhulu.

September 12, 1831 Iilwimi Nicholas wamiselwa ukuba umsebenzi we-Ofisi Survey koMhlaba, leyo ke wakunonelela njengoko usisikhubekiso ubuchule babo. Ngelo xesha, imbongi wafuna umhlalaphantsi ethile apha elalini, kwaye ubhale ngaphezulu. Kodwa ngo-1833 kwafunyaniswa neurosyphilis - sisifo umnqonqo. Wayeka, wemka eMoscow wafudukela kwilifa lakhe Simbirsk, apho waqokelela iingoma Russian kwaye ulonwabele ubuvila enkondlo. Kodwa sifo kancane phambili, kwaye ngo-1837 Iilwimi waya eJamani, apho akaneliseki ngcono.

E Hanau wayedibana Gogol, yaye ngowe-1842, kunye ke watyelela eRoma kunye Venice. Xa ngoko lula, waphinda ngolangazelelo wasiphakamisa ebuhlanti. Ngeli xesha Iilwimi wabhala umbongo "Kwi iRhine". Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ka-1843 imeko yakhe ndingenathemba, waza wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe. E Moscow, impilo kwakhe wabona umhlobo wakhe omdala Professor Inozemtsev. Kodwa ulwimi ofayo kancinane, kuphela ukuzonwabisa yakhe ibe intlanganiso ngeveki ababhali abahlobo.

Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi imibono abahlobo bakhe slavophiles imbongi hit abaseNtshona ukuze umyalezo wayo odumileyo nokutshabhisa 'ukuya hayi-okwethu ", apho amalungu Westernized yeqela wabiza iintshaba ezweni labo. Wababhalela iqhekeza Iilwimi "Inyikima" leyo Zhukovsky ingqalelo eyona kwi izibongo Russian. Nangona ukugula esinzulu, imbongi waqhubeka ukubhala imibongo kunye, ngokutsho Gogol, ifike urhulumente iphezulu lyricism.

Ukufa ku brink

NgoDisemba 1846 kule idle Yazikova wabonakala emva yicesina ebandayo, waza waqalisa ukulungiselela ekufeni. Imbongi wamema umfundisi ukuba enze umsebenzi yokugqibela zamaKristu, wenza umyalelo yomngcwabo, walungisa uludwe lwabantu wayefuna ukubona umngcwabo waza wayalela izidlo zomngcwabo sasemini.

NgoDisemba 26, 1846 ngentsimbi yesithandathu ngokuhlwa Languages Nicholas ngokuzolileyo wafa. yomngcwabo kwakhe Tverskaya Street Church of the Annunciation, waza wangcwatyelwa Danilov Monastery. Namhlanje ingcwaba lakhe, ngathi ingcwaba Gogol wabangela ukuba Novodevichy emangcwabeni.