I-Vascular pathology. Aneurysms ye-aorta esiswini

I-aorta ibizwa ngokuba ngumthambo omkhulu kumzimba. Yenza umsebenzi osebenzayo phakathi kwentliziyo kunye nezitho zangaphakathi.

I-Aneurysms zandiso lweepathologi eziqhelekileyo zivela kwi-aorta. Ziyabonakala kwiindawo ezibuthathaka, ezinobuthathaka. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi lukhuthaza ukukhuliswa. Emva koko ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo kungaholela ekugqibeleni kwesitya kunye nokufa kwegazi. Ukongezelela, ukwandiswa kuncedisa ekuphuleni kwegazi, oko kuthi, kwandisa ingozi yegazi (thrombosis). I-clot yegazi iyakwazi ukusabalala kwinqanaba le-vascular, ngelixa iindawo zalo ezihlukeneyo zingahamba kunye negazi. Ngaloo ndlela, ukumbumbana kwenzeka. Iipasitidi ezingaphezulu kwee-calcium zenza kwakhona eludongeni oluncinci lwodonga lwe-vascular.

Izandiso zingenziwa kwiphina isayithi. I-Aneurysms ye-aorta yesisu ibonwa kwiimeko ezintathu kwiimeko ezine zonke i- aortic aneurysms. Ubume bokwandiswa okubangela ukuba lube yimboyi okanye i-fusiform.

Ukuphuhliswa kwe-aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu kungaba ngumphumo we-atherosclerosis, ingozi yomshukela ophezulu, iinkqubo zokuvuvukala kwiindonga zesitya. Ukwakhiwa kwezandiso kunokudibaniswa nezifo ezifayo zokuzalwa, kunye nezifo ezithintekayo ezihambisane nomonakalo odongeni lwe-aortic.

Iimpawu ze-aneurysm ye-aorta esiswini zibonakaliswa ngoluvo olunqabileyo oluqhaqhafazayo kwingingqi kunye nesisu. Ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kuhamba kunye neengcinga zokufumba kwiindawo zesisu. Ngelo xesha, isigqi sabo sihambelana nesantya senani lentliziyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho intlungu emilenzeni, ehamba kunye ne-pallor kunye ne "cyanosis", ebangelwa ukufuduka kweengcambu ze-thrombus ezindleleni ezihamba phambili.

Ukuphuka kwe-aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu kuhamba kunye nokuphuma kwegazi. Iimpawu ze-symptomatology kule meko zixhomekeke kwisikhokelo sokuphuka.

Ngentsebenziswano ye-intraperitoneal ye-aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu, kuphazamiseka okukhulu, kuhamba kunye nokwanda kwegazi langaphakathi. Ukongezelela, kukho i-blanching ecacileyo yesikhumba, ukunyuka kwe-pulse. Ukugqithisa kwesisu kubonisa ubukho befayili ekhululekile kwisigxina esiswini. Inkqubo yentlekele yesifo kule meko ingabandakanyi naliphi na uphando. Ukufa kuza ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuphuka kwe-retroperitoneal kuhambelana nentlungu kwi-back back or esiswini.

Ukuqhutyelwa kwe-aneurysm ye-aorta esiswini kwi- vena cava engaphantsi kubonakaliswe ukuphefumula, ubuthathaka, ukunyaniseka. Kule meko, kukho iintlungu ezinqeni nasesisu ngesakhiwo sokutshitshiswa kuyo kunye nesandi se systolic-diastolic (hum). Ezi zibonakaliso zibonakaliswe ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa kungenakwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kwenzeka kwifom enzima.

Ikhefu lokunyuka kwi-duodenum lihambelana nokuwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhlanza igazi.

Uviwo lwesigulane kwisimo esingenanto luvame ukubonisa ukunyuka kwe-aneurysm. Uhlobo (i-palpation) yesigxina esiphezulu sesisu (ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwicala lasekhohlo lomgca walo ophakathi) libonakalisa ubukho be-pulsating-like form formation. Njengomthetho, ayinakunqanda, ayiyi kubuhlungu okanye ayibuhlungu. Xa kuhluthwa (ukuphulaphula), i-systolic igxuma phezu kwendlela eyakhelwe ngayo ibonakala. Izandiso ezincinci zingabonwa ngokusebenzisa i-tomography yombhalo.

Njengomgaqo, ukusetyenziswa kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zophando lwee-instrumental kuvumela ukuchonga ngokufanelekileyo isifo kwisigininzi sezigulane. Yingakho injongo ye-aortography iyimfuneko kuphela kwiimeko xa iziphumo zezifundo zingabonakali umfanekiso ocacileyo wesifo.

Ngokunikezelwa ngokukhawuleza kwemibonakalo, unyango lwe-aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu lwenziwa yindlela yokusebenza. Oku kususa kwaye kuthathe indawo yesitya esichaphazelekayo.