I-rhinitis ye-allergen: iimpawu kunye nokonyango, izizathu

Nabani nokuthimliswa komzimba - luphawu ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo omzimba. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ezichongiweyo iimpumlo ezivuzayo kwi sisifo esahlukileyo malunga neminyaka eli-100 eyadlulayo. Oku kwenza ukuba sisazinzulu, naye ubunzima ngethuba izityalo kweentyatyambo. Ibonakele ebusika kufuphi hay njengemvula, kwaye kwakhona waqala ukuthimla. Kweli nqanaba waqala barhanela ukuba impilo yakhe - oko kubangelwa izinto ezithile emoyeni. Esi sifo kwakhona ngokuba hay fever.

Zeziphi iingxaki

Iingcali zithi zibe iindidi ezimbini nokuthimliswa komzimba. Iimpawu kunye nonyango ngexesha elifanayo efanayo. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abantu besehlelwa iingxaki ngamaxesha athile kuphela. Kulo mzekelo, nokuthimliswa komzimba yalapho inkangeleko yaso umungu, leyo uyiphendula umzimba. Okukhona eyavela kufuphi isigulana yabantu, iya kuba imbonakaliso iqapheleka kakhulu izifo.

Kodwa abanye ubunzima ukusuka umkhuhlane unyaka wonke. Kulo mzekelo, izigulane ukuphendula, mhlawumbi eluthulini, amathe isilwanyana, iinwele, amangolwane uthuli, sikuyo, okanye ezinye nokushukunyiswa. Abanye waphawula indlela loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubela-zamavumba occupational: iipeyinti, izinyibilikisi, ivanishi, isamente kwakunye namanye amachiza.

Oonobangela kunye neempawu izifo

Iingcali ziye kudala wathi nayiphi mngundo - le ngxaki kunye amajoni omzimba. Ikhupha histamine yahlangana bawacaphukisayo. Le nkqubo omnye afune nokuthimliswa komzimba. kubangelwa kulala nangoko-uhlobo reactions hypersensitivity, ezithi zivele wadibana kunye esahlala. Yilaa amajoni omzimba aqale ukulwa amasuntswana bephefumla kudaleke kuyimbonakalo kubanda.

Ukholelwa nomzimba izinto kwamanye amazwe. Eziphilayo, nto leyo yokuqala adibene nazo, uqala ukuvelisa omzimba athile. Xa nabo kamva, ukuba aqale ukulwa nabo zamavumba aqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukukhululwa ngexesha elifanayo histamine kunye nezinye izinto ezikhokelela ukubonakala iimpawu. Le iingcali inkqubo yonke ekuthiwa zegazi.

Iimpawu ngesiqhelo ngokukhawuleza: ingathatha ukususela imizuzwana embalwa ukuba imizuzu engama-20. Baya kuvela ngenxa abasabela ngayo izabelo neuropathy central e-nervous system ezikhokelela neenguqu isifo ngeempumlo. Ivela lolwabo nokudumba, kwisisu ngeempumlo iba ayemxinwa, ukuphefumla aphazamiseka, ukutshintsha ithoni nemithambo lelo candelo isifo. Ukongeza, kukho secretion eyandileyo iiseli engenamqheba ukwanda namadlala secretory umsebenzi, ukubonakala ciliated zezindlu epithelium ciliated yencindi omkhulu umaleko.

Ukongeza, le kunciphiso sokufunxa amandla isifo ngeempumlo luphawulwa nokuthimliswa komzimba. Iimpawu kunye nonyango kwesi sifo kuxhomekeka yangoku kunye nexesha. Kwakhona kubalulekile kwaye jikelele kakuhle-ntle.

Iimpawu zokuqala iingxaki

Phezu ngokudibana zamavumba kwiimeko ezininzi umzimba kubangelwa ngoko nangoko. Iimpawu kungaphela ngokwabo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Isithuba esiphezulu ngexesha elinokuthatha nokuthimliswa - iintsuku ezili-10. Kufuneka iqondwe into yokuba esi sifo ingapasiswa kuphela xa kuya kubakho ukuqhagamshelana esahlala. Kungenjalo, ukuze ihlale ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo nokuthimliswa komzimba. Iimpawu zesi sifo zisoloko kugqame:

- uthimla: kubonakala imizuzwana embalwa emva inhalation le allergen kuko kusasa;

- iimpumlo ezivuzayo: cell yencindi ulwelo ngaphaya, kodwa xa usulelo ngeempumlo lube omthubi kunye viscous;

- kabi kwi empumlweni nasemqaleni, ekhohlela zingenzeka;

- ukurhawuzelela impumlo, iindlebe kunye nomqala.

Kwakhona rhoqo bazitshisekisayo iliso, inokubonakalisa ukufukuka kancinane ebusweni.

Abantu abangazange behlelwe sifo, kubonakala ukuba akukho nto eyoyikisayo kangaka. Noko ke, nokuthimliswa umzimba kunokuba nzima kakhulu ubomi ngenxa yokuba obubonakala ichaphazela impilo, inkangeleko, ukusebenza.

zokuthintela izifo

Abantu abaninzi bathwaxwa iimpendulo omzimba mandundu ziyakhuthazeka, abazange bade watyelela ugqirha iprofayile - aleji. Ngenxa yesizathu esibalulekileyo. Yingcali uyakumthatha iziyobisi eziququzelela karhulumente kwaye uchaze into ekufuneka uyenze ukuze kuvele nokuthimliswa komzimba. Prevention (iimpawu kusafuneka ukuba yenzeke) ijolise iyaluthintela uphuhliso sifo. Lo mqathango engcono othintelo kukuphepha ukuqhagamshelana allergen. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kungakuhle ukwenza iisampulu kwaye ukuchonga, kuba into kufuneka usabele.

Nqanda uphuhliso sifo okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu zayo inokuba ngolu hlobo. Simele sizame ukuba aphume, aye kuloo ngumoya ekuseni, ukuthintela naziphi na iihambo emaphandleni. House window, ungenza akuxhome ilaphu elingqingqwa ukwenzela ukuba umungu akazange akwazi ukufumana egumbini. Kwakhona akunconywa njengoko iphume i impumlo kunye namehlo rhoqo. Oku kuya kunceda imazi ibonakalisa ngokucacileyo ukususela bewile zamavumba zabo ukunqanda izigulo yokugula, ukuba uyazi ukuba ukuze mandundu nokuthimliswa komzimba. Komarovskiy E. O. ubanga ukuba esi sifo kwenzeka kwakhona sokusabela ekuhlambululeni ngokugqithiseleyo Nobuninzi kweekhemikhali ndyangu ekhaya. Ilinganisa intle yothintelo, wathi ngeempumlo lavage kunye nokudibana ubuninzi kunye zamavumba ezinokubakho. Uthi ukuba ngaphambi kokufika kosana endlwini, ungenza nalo inja, oko kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana zange abe komzimba.

Kodwa ke abanye oogqirha ukuba abantu abane uvakalelo oluphezulu ayikhuthazwa ukugcina iintyatyambo ikhaya kunye nokusetyenziswa nezithambiso (ngaphandle series ekhethekileyo hypoallergenic). Ukuhambelana nale nezindululo akumkhululi ngokupheleleyo komzimba, kodwa kakhulu lula imeko yakho.

iimpawu

Ukuba kuphela iimpumlo ezivuzayo baxhalabile umntu wokuqala, rhoqo uthimla kunye ukurhawuzelela, ngokuhamba kwexesha, kukho ezinye izizathu apho ingcaphephe njani ngoxilongo nokuthimliswa komzimba. Iimpawu ezithe zenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- anda uvakalelo ekukhanyeni;

- ukutswina, impumlo rhoqo ukuvaleka;

- ukuluma ezibangelwa nempilo enkenenkene ;

- yokuswela amandla;

- zisiba ebuthongweni;

- emlonyeni ukuphefumla (kuvela kuba njalo ngeempumlo ingxinano);

- ingqiqo oluguqulweyo seyiphi;

- iingxaki ukuva, imvakalelo xi ezindlebeni;

- mizwa ekhathazayo ebusweni;

- zokwalana amanxeba - Izangqa ezimnyama kuvela phantsi kwamehlo.

Ngobunzulu okanye amandla Iimpawu ngexesha ebomini bangatshintsha. Ngaxa ethile ukuze zikhule kwezinye periods - phantse ibe yinto engeyakonto. Kubonakala nokuthimliswa komzimba rhoqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Okunye sensitive zamavumba zijongwa abantwana. Kuyenzeka ukuba, ukhule, liphelelwa sifo. ukusetyenziswa rhoqo amakha, umsebenzi apho ubukho livumba nkqi, qhagamshelana ne ngomthi okanye wecuba umsi ziya kuphela meko.

Ukuba uphawula exacerbation of uxabana kwi zentlako-hlaza nezasehlotyeni, ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubangelwa umungu. Kodwa kukho abantu kubi kakhulu ebusika, ngexesha apho ixesha elininzi kufuneka achithe egumbini. Kule meko, i zamavumba kufuneka kufunwe phakathi eluthulini, amangolwane uthuli, izilwanyana abahlala kuloo ndlu, izityalo kwi efestileni.

i amaqhinga

Ukuba ubunokufumana imvakalelo sokudlathuka kweenwele, ukuthimla, waza waqalisa ukukhupha imazi impumlo, musa ukuzama ukubaleka ngokukhawuleza ekhemesti ngenxa antihistamines - unobangela zifo ingaba eyahlukileyo. Ngoku makhe sithethe ukwahlula njani umkhuhlane evela nokuthimliswa komzimba. Xa kanye iimpawu ezifanayo, unyango efunekayo eyahlukileyo. Catarrhal nokuthimliswa kwiimeko ezininzi kunye nezinye iimpawu uphawu izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla. Oku umkhuhlane omkhulu, iingqaqambo zomzimba, ukukhohlela, iintlungu e Gol, ngelizwi elitshothozayo. Ukongeza, izifo ezosulelayo bodwa badla viscous, ukuba umbala otyheli okanye oluhlaza.

Ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni kanye ukuba umzimba wakhe, ngoko unayo yonke indlela yokunciphisa ukuqhagamshelana esahlala. Xa ezibonisa ngamaxesha sifo kufuneka babe ezincinane kangangoko ukuchitha ixesha ezitratweni, njalo ahlambe impumlo, zama ukuhamba ngemoto, ibhasi, iteksi, kwaye ekhaya ukuvala i window. Indlela kuphela ukunciphisa iimpawu okuluphawu nokuthimliswa komzimba.

Collector amabhunga ukuncoma ekunciphiseni imeko ngokusebenzisa antihistamines. isizukulwane sokuqala machiza ukuphelisa iimpawu, kodwa uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi. Bona zinqanda luvo, ingqalelo kakuhle, ukumqumbisa ukuvela iimvakalelo silale nokudinwa rhoqo. Ezi zibandakanya izixhobo ezifana "Suprastin" yaye "Diphenhydramine". Okuninzi iziyobisi mihla zivale kuphela receptors histamine kwaye kuchaphazela imeko jikelele. Ukongezelela, ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo ezinqwenelekayo zokusela isizukulwana esitsha kuthetha ngokwaneleyo 1 ixesha ngosuku. Ezi ziquka "Claritin" amayeza "Zyrtec" "Aleron" kunye nabanye. amachiza olucwangcisiweyo tablet, philisi okanye isiraphu, njengoko umthetho, baqeshwe kwiimeko umguli uchaphazelekayo iimpawu ezininzi, kungekuphela nje nokuthimliswa komzimba.

Uthintelo kunye nonyango yencindi nokuphefumla yenziwa ngoncedo kwezibonelelo zasekuhlaleni. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, nto ingenziwa novocaine yaye kuvalwe of inaliti Hydrocortisone waya kummandla turbinate oluphantsi. Kodwa eqatha kangaka asetyenziswa kwiimeko kakhulu. Amaninzi, umzimba nokuthimliswa indalo bacebisa wamehlo kunye kufafazwa ngeempumlo ezinokuthi ekunciphiseni lo bit imeko ngaphantsi kweyure. Allergologist ukubekwa arhente ezifana "Kromoglin", "Kromosol" - ukusetyenziswa kwazo izifo wobulali. Kwiimeko kakhulu ngakumbi, corticosteroids ziyacetyiswa - "Nasobek", "Nazarel" "Nasonex", "Benorin".

Enye indlela yokulawula kutyalwe zamavumba nezidlo. Kodwa unako ukusebenzisa eli qhinga kuphela xa isivuseleli yayifakwe. Uthomalaliso kuqhutywa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: yokuqala yebhunga ilawulwa ngeedosi ezincinane allergen, ngoko eyavela inyuswe. Ikwenza oku kangangoko ukuba iphuhlise nokunganyamezelwa etyabulayo ezibangela nokuthimliswa komzimba. wena akusafuneki Uthintelo yale ndlela kunyango, ngenxa yokuba umzimba eyeka nokusabela ukuba into eyabangela ukuba esi sifo.

iingxaki lwamaxesha onyaka

Iingcali bachonga izigaba ezininzi izifo phambi kwethu. Kwaye bonke kunye nokuthimliswa komzimba. Iimpawu kunye nonyango iya kuxhomekeka yengxinano iimpawu kunye yintoni uhlobo kunokwenzeka ukuthwala izifo.

nokuthimliswa zonyaka obizwa ngokuba syndromes hay fever, ochaphazela wamaziko isifo empumlweni namehlo. Ukuba ogulayo yofuzo nesi sifo, umzimba wakhe uqala ukuba ukhuphe izilwa ezintweni. Isiphumo njengokubonisa emangalisayo. Ukuba lungabonakaliswa ngohlobo yokumpompoza amaninzi imazi impumlo, kwaye zidibene conjunctivitis. Kwiimeko kakhulu, ezi mpawu bajoyine sombefu. Le ndoda kunye imiqondiso waphawula rhoqo kunxilwe: ukudinwa, ukuba nochuku, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, kunye nomkhuhlane.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, nokuthimliswa komzimba iphuhlise ngokuchasene nentsukaphi impilo ngexesha izityalo lokudubula esebenzayo. Xa impumlo, kabukhali kukho yimvakalelo sokudlathuka kweenwele, oko kukhatshwa uthimla ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuphelelwa umoya kunye netuwa lweenkcukacha ngaphaya yangaphakathi. Kuba abantu abaninzi, uhlaselo kuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa kwaye ingaphinda-phindwa amaxesha amaninzi ngemini.

Uhlaselo ubalula isifo ngeempumlo lizele ligazi, kodwa ekuhambeni cyanotic, edematous. Oku kwandisa turbinate, ukuba block kuvunyelwane. Abanye baveza enye aphazamiseke mucosal - ubunzima kwingqula kunye noqhoqhoqho. Ukhohlokhohlo, isikhohlela omiyo viscous, kukho hoarseness.

Exacerbations ayavalwa ngexesha xa izityalo eneentyatyambo esebenzayo iphela. Xa ziphile yoviwo Akukho tshintsho zophendlo lwezifo na. Noko ke, abanye uxilongwe a ekudibaneni gu bucala, polyp mucosal, spikes contact.

imiphumela ezingapheliyo

Kodwa kukho abantu abasenokuba ochaphazelekayo malunga nonyaka-ngeenxa zonke nokuthimliswa komzimba. Iimpawu kunye unyango yahlukile kule meko. Olu hlobo umzimba luphawulwa yokuba xa kungekho likakade yehlukile, lo rhoqo akafumaneki. Kodwa iimpawu ngaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba kunye nokuthimliswa onyaka.

nokuthimliswa Chronic komzimba iye amanyathelo amane enemiqathango:

- ukuhlasela ezidlulayo aperiodic;

- uqhubeke;

- polipoobrazovanie;

- carnification.

Inqanaba lokuqala luphawulwa yile yokuba iimpawu ngomlinganiselo, ube indawo ngamathuba athile ulola minor. Izigulane basabela emzimbeni, iidrafti, oko kuphakamisa i exacerbation kwesi sifo. Ngelo xesha linye babe impumlo ukuvaleka kumaxesha ngamaxesha, kukho yimvakalelo umlomo owomileyo, silale, ukulala amahlwempu, ukudinwa, yaye maxa wambi kusenokuba kukho ezikwenza Ukuphelelwa. Kwakhona kweli nqanaba, i permeability uqalisa ukwaphula ingaphandle cell. Ezo nokuthimliswa uyalisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa - isenzeko kakhulu rhoqo.

Ukuba ugqirha uthi kukho iimpawu angakwazi na isifo ngeempumlo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba le meko iya isihla ngokuhla. Oku kubonisa isiqalo lesibini ibakala. Kulo mzekelo, i yangaphakathi uba libunile, kubonakala umbala ezingwevu, ukwakheka granular, zazibonakala iziphelo embindini kunye turbinates ophantsi. Kweli nqanaba ukuphefumla nzima, phantse akukho ivumba. Ifuthe ukusetyenziswa vasopressors eseyiphantse imperceptible.

Emva kwexesha elithile (kuthatha iinyanga ezimbalwa, yaye malunga-4 ubudala) kwi ngeempumlo polyp sicatshulwa ikhula. Ubukeka kwezemfundo, ezifana kwiingxowa, ejinga kuloo mithambo sesicatshulwa ngeempumlo kumlenze. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba zidibenene phakathi ekudibaneni ngeempumlo kunye nodonga lateral.

Xa step inyama carnification ezantsi inxenye phakathi impumlo iqokobhe ngokuphawulekayo ubunjwe ze uba ongenandaba vasoconstrictors. Le nkqubo kufuneka sikhatshwe imbonakalo yokuhlaselwa sisifo sombefu. Iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo okuluphawu esi sifo, kuba sisigxina.

nezifo zabantwana

Ngelishwa, oko akholisa ukubakho allergies ngeempumlo kulo mntwana. Iimpawu kunye nonyango, kwakunye kwimeko abadala, iya kuxhomekeka imilo kunye ikhondo sifo. Abantwana ukuze nokuthimliswa ngamaxesha athile okanye ingaphelelwayo. Isifo lwenzeka ngendlela efanayo kubantu abadala. Kodwa abantwana badla kuyabanda, owayebonakele ngenxa komzimba, kunciphisa uxhathiso yonke eziphilayo. Ngenxa yale sifo nzima kongezwe izifo ziintsholongwane.

Ngamaxesha athile okanye angehli nokuthimliswa komzimba kubantwana abahamba iindumbisa lweHo- ngeempumlo, kwaba ligazi ukumpompoza esebenzayo yencindi yomlomo. Abantwana ezikhala impumlo silume namehlo, ukuba sisoloko nangokuthimla. Isifo idla ikhatshwe khohlo. Kodwa oku, ngasendleleni, inokuba luphawu sombefu.

Nabani na nokuthimliswa ziyabagulisa umntwana bomi kusinika imbonakalo iingxaki ngohlobo etsolo (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezondeleyo), amajelo otitis, sinusitis, izifo ephezulu iphecana yokuphefumla wokujoyina. Ukuba ngaba ukuphatha umntwana, oko igcwele kuphuhliso ukudumba kwi sinuses ngeempumlo.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukususa isivuseleli okanye ukunciphisa umntwana ukunxibelelana naye ubuncinane. Kwezinye iimeko kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukwahlula njani umkhuhlane evela nokuthimliswa komzimba, kwaye uqale ixesha unyango abanobuchule. Onke amalungiselelo kufuneka ukhethe kunye nogqirha wakho. Umntwana kufuneka aphathwe okanye wabantwana okanye yabantwana aleji. Ugqirha luzobe iziyobisi ubudala efana ebese idosi efunekayo.

emsebenzini nonyango lwezigulo zasemsebenzini

Awunako ukushiya ngaphandle ingqalelo nokuthimliswa nezidlo ezithile abadala kunye nabantwana. It igcwele ukwehla kule meko. Treatment ibonisa (ukuphelisa zesifo) kunye allergen-ngqo. Le isigulane emiselweyo kuthetha ukunciphisa ngokubonakala negazi, nadlamkisayo kunye neziyobisi vasoconstrictor. Ukunciphisa ukudumba kwaye ukuphelisa ingxinano nge ngamathontsi kunye kufafazwa ube inyathelo vasoconstrictive "Xylometazoline", "naphazoline," "Sanorin", "Naphthyzinum", "Nazivin", "Tizin" kunye nabanye. Kodwa akufuneki zisetyenziswe ngaphezu kweentsuku ezili-10 ezilandelelanayo.

Noko ke, unyango kwangumqondiso unako ukunika iziphumo ezilindelekileyo kuphela kwimeko xa kunokwenzeka ukuphelisa le esahlala. Kungenjalo, kufuneka kwakhona usebenzise antihistamines, corticosteroids okanye ukuqhuba immunotherapy. Iqela lokuqala iimali ziquka iziyobisi ezifana "Zyrtec" "Aleron" "Claritin", "Ketotifen" kunye efanayo.

Ukuba isigulane kakhulu iyasebenza, allergists bacebisa ukusetyenziswa corticosteroids. Ugqirha angakunika iziyobisi ezifana "fluticasone" okanye "Beclomethasone". kufuneka zisetyenziswe, njengoko umthetho, inyanga. Kwakhona ezifanelekileyo nabo abaphethwe asthma inyumoniya. Ezi mali banikwa kwaye kwimeko apho kukho nokuthimliswa uyalisa ebantwaneni. Iimpawu kunye nonyango abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.

Immunotherapy ukuba aqhube uthotho iinkqubo eyilelwe ukunciphisa kuvelana allergen. Isivuseleli linokwenziwa ukuba umzimba womntu kangangokuba oko kusetyenziswa kuwo yaye modem. Qala amathamo ephantsi, nto leyo zanda nge xesha.

iindlela Traditional

Oogqirha musani kukudinwa bathi leyo idla ride nokuthimliswa komzimba. Ingqokelela iincam unyango amayeza intsomi ngokuqinisekileyo angafunyanwa, kodwa ndiyathemba ukuba balahle esi sifo kuphela uncedo ayikho imfuneko.

Phakathi ithandwayo ezi zincomo zilandelayo. bathini ezininzi angakhetha bayacetyiswa ukuba kungcwaba juice impumlo, calendula, geranium ebomvu okanye umama-and-kaVan. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka sisicatshulwa gargle zolwelo okanye valerian Leonurus.

Susa ukudumba, ungasebenzisa iintlobo olulandelenayo emzimbeni. Le isiphakamiso isekelwe kwinto yokuba umthwalo ivuselele imizwa enovelwano, yaye ngenxa yoko, constricts imithambo yegazi kwaye unciphisa nokuthimliswa komzimba.

unyango ezesintu bawabiza kuyenzeka. Abanye bacebisa asile celandine, thundeza ukuba kungabi ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-4 asele. Kukholelwa ukuba ziphathiswe yengqele kunceda duckweed. nokubandakanywa wayo (ezenziwe zaqalela ngowe-1 tbsp. L. Herbs kunye neelitha 0.5 zamanzi), kufuneka ukuba basele kusasa iiveki eziliqela.

Enye ingcebiso ethandwayo ukusebenzisa carbon yasebenza kwixesha zale sifo. Uyakwazi ukusela iipilisi-2 ukuya 5 amaxesha ngemini. Le ndlela inceda ukwehlisa iimpawu ukunxila.

Nokuba ngaba umlandeli wangumququzeleli amayeza emveli, kwaye musa ingqalelo iindlela angqingqwa yonyango, siyazi ukuba ubukho nokwaliwa kubhetele ukuba enze umnyinyiva. Ngapha koko, le sifo ayikho kakhulu nje nzima ubomi, kodwa kunokukhokelela iingxaki ezinzulu eziliqela.