Amaqanda amachiza: iimpawu, ukuthintela, unyango

Amaqabunga ngenye yezilwanyana ezinamandla kakhulu kwaye zivame ukudala ukusabela okungakumbi kubantu abadala kuphela, kodwa nakwabantwana abaselula.

Iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba zivame ukuvela emva kwemizuzu embalwa (ngeeyure eziliqela) emva kokutya amaqanda okanye iimveliso eziqulethwe zona (kubandakanywa ne- egg powder). Iimpawu zokunganyamezelani zi nokuba zincinci okanye zizinzima: i-skin rashes, imisipha, ukudibanisa kwamanzi, ukuhlanza okanye ezinye izifo zokugaya. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, amaqanda abangela i-anaphylaxis-impendulo ebungozi ebomini.

Ukufuthwa kwezilwanyana kumaqanda kubonakala kubonakala kusebuntwaneni, ngexesha lokuqaliswa kokutya okuncedisayo. Uninzi lwabantwana luye lwaye lwaqalisa ukukhula.

Iimpawu

Ukuphendula komzimba kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiimpawu zayo kwaye kubonakaliswe kungekudala emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-allergen ekudleni. Njengoko kuthethwa ukuba ukungabikho komzimba kumaqanda, iimpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuqhaqha, okanye i-urticaria, iyona ndlela isabela ngayo.
• Ukudibanisa kwe-Nasal, impumlo ye-runny kunye ne-sneezing (i-rhinitis ye-allergen).
• Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukutya: colic, isicasuliso, ukuhlanza.
• Izibonakaliso neempawu zesifo se-asthma: ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula, ukuvakalelwa kwesibindi esifubeni okanye ukungabi nakuphefumla.

Anaphylaxis

Iqanda elivuthayo elikhulu kubantu abadala okanye abantwana lingakhokelela ekubeni ne-anaphylaxis-imeko enokuthi ibhubhise i-epinephrine (i-adrenaline) kunye nokunakekelwa ngongxamiseko. Iimpawu neempawu ze-anaphylaxis ziquka ezi zilandelayo:

• Ukudambisa kweendlela zokuhamba, kuquka ukuvuvukala okanye ukuvalelwa kwe- coma emqaleni kunye nokungabi nokuphefumula.
• Iintlanzi kunye neentlungu kwi-thorax.
• Ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo.
• Isimo sokutshatyalaliswa ngokunciphisa ukuxinzelela kwegazi, kubonakaliswe ngendlela yokungonakaliswa kwentlalo-ntle, ukungcola okanye ukulahleka kwengqondo.

Kucetyiswa ukuba uxoxe nogqirha nayiphi na impendulo (nangona ibonakala ingabalulekanga), ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ubonisa ukungabikho komzimba kwintsuba yenkukhu. Ubunzima beempawu ziyahlukahluka ngalunye ixesha, ngoko ke kunye nempendulo encinci yokuqala, kamva, iimpawu ezinzulu zikulindeleke.

Ukuba ugqirha uyakholelwa ukuba umntwana wakho unokuhlakulela ukuphendula, uyakuyalela i-epinephrine ngokukhawuleza xa kwenzeka i-anaphylaxis. Iilenjini ezinjalo zenziwa ngoncedo lwe-syringe-pen, enika ulawulo olukhawulezileyo lweziyobisi.

Nini ukubona ugqirha?

Kufuneka ubhalise ukubonisana kunye nomntu ongenayo yonke into yokuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unempawu zokutya ngokukhawuleza emva kokutya amaqanda okanye iimveliso ezinamaqanda. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukumbona ugqirha ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokusabela kwi-atypical kwimveliso - ngoko ke ochwephesha uya kuqonda ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.

Kwiimpawu ze-anaphylaxis kuyimfuneko ukubiza ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lokuqala kunye nokuthatha i-epinephrin eyodwa kwi-syringe ekhethekileyo, ukuba i-egg allergies iyifumene kwaye isicatshulwa sisemthethweni ngugqirha.

Izizathu

Ukunyamezela kwiindawo ezithile zokutya akusiyo impendulo eyaneleyo ye-immune system ukutya okutsha. Kule meko, i-immunity iwafumanisa ngokuthe tye iiprotheni ezithile eziqulethwe ngamaqanda njengezinto ezinobungozi. Xa wena okanye wakho umntwana udibanisa nale proteins, iiseli ze-immune system (izixhobo zamagciwane) ziyabona ingozi engqondweni kwaye zibonisa umzimba malunga nesidingo sokukhupha kwi-histamine yegazi kunye nezinye iimveliso zamakhemikhali ezenza izibonakaliso neempawu zokungabikho komzimba.

Iiprotheni, ezinokuthi zifumaneke, zifunyenwe kwiprotheyini kunye ne-yolk, nangona kunjalo, ukungaxhaswa kweeprotheyini zeqanda kukuqhelekileyo. Iqanda elithintekayo (ifoto leyo ichazwe kwiincwadi ezininzi zonxibelelwano zonyango) inokuvela kwintsana ebelethwe xa unina asebenzisa ama-yolk kunye nama-protein njengokutya.

Imiba yengozi

Le meko ilandelayo iphakamisa umngcipheko wokunyamezelana kweqanda:

• Aermic dermatitis. Abantwana abaneengqumbo ezifanayo zesikhumba bebandezeleka ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwintlungu ukuya kwiiqanda ezinkukhu kunabalingane babo abanesikhumba esinempilo.
• Imbali yentsapho. Usemngciphekweni ukuba omnye okanye bobabini abazali bakho bane-asthma, ukutya okubangelwa kukutya okanye ukunyamezela komntu, kubonakaliswe njenge -allergenic rhinitis, urticaria, okanye i-eczema.
• Ubudala. Ukufuthwa kwezilwanyana kumaqanda kuqhelekileyo kubantwana. Xa uneminyaka yobudala, i-system of organes digestive igxilise, kwaye iziganeko zokutya ezidliwayo zibhaliswe rhoqo.

Unyango

Indlela yodwa yokuthintela ukusabela okungavumelekanga kukuyeka ukutya amaqanda kunye neziphumo zazo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abanolu hlobo lobuthathaka basabela ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso equkethe amaqanda asebenzayo, umzekelo, izinto ezibhaka.

Amachiza - i-antihistamines - ukunciphisa ubunzima beempawu zokutya okuncinci. Ezi zi yobisi zinganxila emva kokungena kwi-allergen emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba abanako ukukhusela ngokupheleleyo ukuphendula okungavumelekanga kwaye abanako ukunyanga kwiimeko ezinzima.

Kufuneka uhlale uphethe ipeni yesirinji kunye ne-epinephrine. I-prick iyadingeka ku-anaphylaxis.

Iqanda elithintekayo kumntwana lisoloko lincinci, kuba abaninzi abantwana bahlakulela le nto isifo. Xoxa nodokotela ithuba lokongamela ukuba ngaba iimpawu zexinzelelo kwiiprotheni zamaqanda ziqhubeka ngokuqhubeka kwexesha. Akufanele unike amaqanda kumntwana wakho njengolu vavanyo, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuphendulwa komzimba wengane ngokutya ngokuphindaphindiweyo komveliso onobungozi.

Thintelo

Kunokwenzeka ukuthatha amanyathelo ngokuzimeleyo ukukhusela ukuphendula okanye ukukhusela ukubola kwayo. Umzekelo:

• Funda ngokucophelele ulwazi malunga nokutya okuboniswe kwiphakheji. Abanye abantu abakuthinteli amaqanda, kwanaxa ubuncinane bezinto ezishiyekileyo (oku kuboniswe ngumbhalo kwiipakethe zeempahla: "Unokuthi uqulethe amaqanda").
• Ziqaphele kwiindawo zokutya. Akunjalo nje kuphela abalindi - ngamanye amaxesha nabapheki abaqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo malunga nokuba khona okanye ukungabikho kwamaprotheni eqanda kwisitya esithile.
• Yazisa bonke abantu abadala owamshiya umntwana ngokunyamezela. Abahlengikazi, ootitshala, izalamane zimele zikhumbule ukuba umntwana uyahluma amaqanda (ifoto ibonisa okokuba unokutya iqanda) kwaye angamniki imveliso engozi. Qinisekisa ukuba abantu bayazi indlela yokuziphatha kwimeko engxamisekileyo.
• Ukuba uncelisayo, gwema ukutya amaqanda. Iiprotheyini ze-egg zingena kubisi lonina kwaye zingabangela iimpawu zokutya kwenyana ebusaneni.

Imveliso kunye nomxholo weqanda ofihliweyo

Ngelishwa, nangona loo mveliso ingenayo amaqanda kunye neziphumo zayo, isenokuthi iqule inani elithile leeprotheni zeqanda. Nguye kuphela umenzi onokukwazi ukukhupha konke ukungathandabuzeki kulo mzekelo.

Ukulungelelanisa, ungasebenzisa uluhlu lweemveliso kunye nomxholo weqanda ofihliweyo, kodwa khumbula ukuba awukugqibeki:

• I-marshmallow kunye ne-pastille;
• IMayonnaise;
• Meringues;
• Imveliso yeebhaka;
• Iintyantyambo;
• Marzipan;
• Glaze;
• Inyama eqhutywe, inyama kunye nemibhobho yezilwanyana;
• Iigodo kunye nokugcinwa;
• Ukugqoka i-salads;
• Macaroni;
• I-Foam kwikhofi enobumba kunye notywala;
• Ukoma.

Ukuba iimveliso zeqanda zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kokutya ezithile, ezi zinto zilandelayo zifumaneka kwi-composition:

• Albumin;
• Globulin;
• Lecithin;
• Lyvenine;
• Lysozyme;
• Vitellin;
• Amagama aqala nge "ova" okanye "ovo", umzekelo, i-ovalbumin (i-albumin yeqanda) okanye i-ovoglobulin.

Ukunyuka kwamagqabi kumaqanda kunokufumaneka kunye nokutya okuphekwe ekhaya ekhaya langaphandle, apho iifama ezincinci zifumaneka kwiindawo ngenxa yokuzikhethela ukulungiselela imenyu enzima. Ukuba awukwazi ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ukhuhlane, kufuneka ulungiselele kangako iimpawu ezibonakalayo.