I-probe isithuba "Voyager" okanye uhambo emajukujukwini oluphakathi

I-probe isithuba "Voyager 2" yasungulwa Agasti 20, 1977. kweeveki ezintathu kamva, oko yasungulwa iwele lakhe kunye nenombolo 1 Ke ukuba nethamsanqa ukuba yokuqala yehlabathi iziphekepheke, onako ukulwa imida kwenkqubo elanga. Kakade ke, iintlobo kwisitishi yerediyo kunye lweenkcukacha sikuvumela ukuba ubone yonke into eyenzekayo kude omkhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa ngoku izazinzulu banethuba ukuqokelela inkcazelo engakumbi.

run ingcamango "Voyager"

Ngasekupheleni nenani-60. khulu lokugqibela, eSoviet Union kunye United States akhuphisana bayawafundisisa ngamnye ngokubhekiselele iinqwelo-moya ukuya enyangeni kwaye ngenisa indlela ohamba kuyo umhlaba ukuze ujikeleze kakuhle. Kamva, xa kwabonakala ukuba inxaxheba lomntu kugqatso uphuhliso iphela kuyingozi kakhulu, izazinzulu wawusiya kuphuhliso izixhobo, lawula yalawa.

Umzekelo, iinqanawa isithuba nabantu ngaphakathi akakwazi ukuba basondele Venus, yaye ngakumbi ke - umhlaba kumphezulu. Kukho kakhulu yimitha yelanga kunye lobushushu eliphezulu. Kodwa ke data kwi umhlaba uya kukwazi ukuba bahlanganise irobhothi aneenjongo zawo ethile. Ngoko ingcamango ukuya bekusungulwa "Oovulindlela", yaye emva kwabo yaye "Voyager".

Injongo abaphandi yaba efanayo - ukuqokelela idatha kwi indawo emzimbeni ethile, nokuba Ibhanti okanye ingxilimbela igesi. Nantso zihlole isithuba "Voyager" kukufundela izijikelezi-langa ukude Earth oko. ingcamango eziphathekayo kutheni konke oku kuyimfuneko uluntu, akukho. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba ezi zixhobo ziya kufumana izinto eziluncedo ezinokuthi kusiwa uMhlaba ukuba isetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo. Ngokubanzi, i "Voyager" yenzelwe ukuphonononga amanqaku ezikude kwinkqubo elanga.

Ubizo yokuqala ka Space Abahloli

I-probe-1 Voyager isithuba, njengoko, eneneni, kwaye Voyager-2, yaba projekthi ngokwanelisayo imali eninzi. Kungenxa yoko le ndlela lokuqala zitshiphu "Oovulindlela". Wazibonakalisa ukuba ibhanti asteroid ukuloyisa kakhulu kunokwenzeka, yaye kungekho nawuphi na umonakalo. Ukongeza, siye safumanisa ukuba Jupiter ayikho bethandana kakhulu Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye neenqanawa angadlula kuye.

Eyokuqala "Pioneer" sele ifikelele uSaturn ngexesha umkhankaso "Voyager". Kwakufuneka iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Phonononga yonke into eyenzeka emva ibhanti asteroid kangangoko ukuya phambili emajukujukwini.
2. Thumela umyalezo nezinye izizwe ukuba adibane nazo apha endleleni.

Oku kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo umsebenzi yesibini. Nokuwuphumeza ngendlela lwedijithali kwizixhobo kufuneka iinkcukacha malunga Umhlaba, imbali yoluntu iye yabhalwa ukubulisa ngeelwimi ezininzi. Kukwakho imifanekiso kwi disc segolide ngaphambili nezinye izizwe kundenza mpumelelo ngokwenene nenzululwazi Umhlaba, imiqondiso zamandulo. Kodwa ngubani owaziyo ukuba ufumene umyalezo.

Uphi na lo umda kwenkqubo solar?

Enyanisweni iinjongo zayo eziphambili phenyo isithuba "Voyager" ayenzileyo kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 eyadlulayo. Kwathi xa Voyager-2 wegqitha kwabanye abantu bonse kuye ngenxa-40 amawaka. Km. Kodwa, Isimanga, nayo imikhombe emibini waza, ixesha ngalinye uthumelo Emhlabeni ngakumbi data ngakumbi. Kuye kwacaca ukuba phones kungekudala ukoyisa wezijikelezi, kodwa akukho bani uya kwenzeka nini. Oku wadlala indima ngokunjalo, nokuba, enyanisweni, akukho Scientist akakwazanga ukugqiba ngokuchanileyo umda wayo.

Abanye baye babonisa ukuba "Voyager 1" washiya inkqubo solar eminye iminyaka 300, okanye nangaphezulu. Umphumo unokuba ukuba doti isithuba, uthuli kunye nemitha sula unit ibe ngumgubo. Inyaniso kukuba ekuqaleni, emva kokuba ndiyoyisile le kwabanye, iinqanawa baqalisa isantya phantsi. Kodwa kamva afika ukuba eli xesha, kwesa umgama ukusuka Sun akakwazi ukuvelisa amandla ngokuqhubekekayo kwaye xa kukho imfuneko. Ngoko ke ukuba ixhokonxa ukuqhubeka indlela.

amaxesha amaninzi eendaba ingxelo ukuba i "Voyager" babewela wezijikelezi, kodwa izazinzulu wakhanyela data. Kwaba kuphela ngo-2012, lo matshini uthumela ukuba Earth ukuba abasayi kuphinda bafumane imitha yelanga ukuba amandla, kodwa ngoku indawo esembindini. Oku ubungqina bokuba ixhokonxa okanye kufutshane nendawo oluphakathi, okanye kulo.

Ngaloo ndlela, azilawulwa kuphela ukuthumela "Oomatiloshe" ngaphaya inkqubo solar - ngoku uyazi kakuhle apho umda yendawo oluphakathi.

data zangoku kwi baxhomekeka

Ukuba unokulandela imithetho physics, akuthandeki ukuba uphenyo isithuba "Voyager 1" washiya inkqubo elanga. Isibakala sokuba nommandla wayo, ngokutsho data yenzululwazi, aphela xa uyayeka intsimi omxhuzulane lokubonakala kwenkwenkwezi. Ngako oko, ubungakanani nkqubo - kunye 125.000. e. Wona kuphando, bashiya 129 kuphela. e. Noko ke, ukuba endaweni kwelanga izixhobo capture kwiminyele yesiqalo, uthetha malunga ekupheleni impahla kwenkqubo elanga.

Ngokutsho data ekhoyo, izazinzulu uyakwazi ukulawula inkqubo navigation "Voyager". Kwaye oku kuya kuqhubeka de kwiminyaka emalunga 2025-2030. Ngoko ke probe ukuba kude umhlaba kude ukuze ukunxibelelana nabo nje sicinywa. Ngako oko, umsebenzi wokugqibela, baya kuba nako ukwenza, kukuba kwingxelo kwezinye impucuko besintu, data, zilungelelanise yoMhlaba kunye nomgangatho sophuhliso.

Uphi na ke "Voyager 1" ngoku?

Namhlanje, abaphandi abaye kwirekhodi umgama ukusuka Umhlaba, akukho esinye isixhobo sele bengekafiki imigama efanayo. I-probe isithuba "Voyager 1" ngumgama oziikhilomitha-19 billion ukusuka emhlabeni. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezintsha, izazinzulu kufuneka balinde iiyure 17-18. Yiloo ndlela ixesha elithathwayo ukufumana umqondiso ovela unit. Ngako oko, izisombululo navigation umva iya kuba ngokulinganayo nje phezulu.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba igama zonke iziganeko kunye ixhokonxa kwezi mpumelelo yenzululwazi, njengoko baye benako ukuba Zizigqithile "kwisiqhelo". Benza ntoni ke oosonzululwazi nkqu ayinakubalwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto ebufundisini lwezenzululwazi kubalulekile nje ukuba abasebenzi NASA - yaba liphondo lonke uluntu.

isiphelo

Eyona iphambili zombini "Voyager" kukuba basebenza ixesha elide kunokuba kulindelwe. Kwaye namhlanje akukho namnye unako ukuthi kakuhle indlela izakuziphatha ngomso. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo ziya kukwazi ukufumana iinkcukacha malunga Sirius. Kodwa singenako ukuyiphika ukuba kungenzeka ukuba matshini nje zastynut ngendlela yayo; ayisasebenzi ukufumana amandla.

Ngokufutshane, iimfihlelo uphenyo imihla "Voyager" ingasombululwa kuphela kubazukulwana abantu mihla. Ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi ewusondeza ezi uphuhliso kwizixekoapho yonke indalo ebonakala kwakudala. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba "Voyager" izakuvula i imfihlelo entsha.