I-Museum yase-Irkutsk yoMmandla weMbali yaseNgingqi: imbali yendalo

I-Irkutsk yenye yeedolophu zaseRashiya ezindala kunazo zonke zaseSiberia. Imbali yayo yaqala ngo-1661 ngokusungulwa kwejele, isetyenziselwe ukuqokelela i-yasak, irhafu evela kubantu basekuhlaleni baseNyakatho. Kwimizuzu emithathu nesigxina sobukho balo kwisixeko kukho iziganeko ezininzi ezithakazelisayo, kwaye abahlali bezo ndawo baye balizukisa nje ilizwe labo elincinci, kodwa ilizwe lethu lonke. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngabo, unokutyelela i-Irkutsk Regional Museum yoMlando weNgingqi (IOCM).

SeSiseko

I-Irkutsk yoMmandla weMbali yeMbali yasemakhaya yasungulwa ngo-1782 kwiqhinga likaGavana F. Klichka. Nangona uFranz Nikolaevich wazalelwa eCzech Republic, okwakunjalo ngexesha lolawulo lukaHabsburgs, wayezinikezele ngenhliziyo yonke eRashiya. Ngenxa yokuba wayemthanda i-Irkutsk, uKlichka wenza okuninzi ukuphumelela kwakhe. Ngokukodwa, wabutha abathengisi basekuhlaleni baza bahlonipha abantu basezidolophini bacela iminikelo yokuvula enye yemyuziyam yaseMiberia yaseSiberia kunye ne "book-keeper" (ilayibrari).

Kwiingxowa zemali zendawo zanikezela, uKlichka ngokwakhe uncedise iiruble eziliqela ngegolide. Kungekudala imali efunekayo yaqokelelwa, kwaye ikomiti yabaqulunqo yenziwa. Kwakuquka ilungu elidibeneyo le-Academy yeSayensi A. Karamyshev no-E. Laxman. Iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo yaya kwiindawo ezincinci zeRashiya kwaye iqokelele iqoqo elikhulu leemaminerali kunye nemithi yamathambo. Uninzi lwabo usosayensi luye lwadlulela kwiMyuziyam yoLimo lweMining, kwaye abanye baziswa ku-Irkutsk.

Imbali ye-IOIC de 1879

Ngowe-1851, isebe leRussia Geographical Society lavulwa e-Irkutsk, apho i-museum yahanjiswa khona. Le meko ibenegalelo ekuphuhlisweni nasekuguqulweni kwenye yezona zikhokelo zenzululwazi zaseSiberia. Ukongezelela, izazinzulu ezazisuswa ePoland zithatha inxaxheba kwi- Warsaw Imprising, izazinzulu uBrobovsky kunye noV. Godlevsky, abafundisisa iBaikal nabemi bayo, kunye no-N. Vitkovsky, I. UChersky no-A. Chelanovsky babandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yolondolozo lwembali.

Inkulungwane ye-19 kwiMbali yeMimandla yase-Irkutsk yeMbali yeNgingqi yaphawulwa ngumbutho weehambo ezahlukeneyo. Babenomgomo wabo wokufunda kwimimandla yasempuma nephakathi kwe-Asia yolawulo lwaseRussia. Abathathi-nxaxheba bathatha iindwendwe ezininzi zamandulo, iimigodi, iingubo zelizwe kunye nezinto zasekhaya zaseSiberia nase-Urals.

Umlilo

Ngowe-1879, i-Irkutsk Regional Museum yase-Local Lor yayonakaliswe kakubi ngumlilo owawubhubhisa inxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixeko. Ulahlekelwe isakhiwo sakhe sokuqala, esiseTikhvinskaya Square, kwaye salahlekelwa iikopi ezikhethekileyo ezingama-22 000 kunye neencwadi ezili-10,000 ezixabisekileyo kwiincwadi zokubeka idilesi, eyona nto yayinkulu ngaphaya kwee-Urals.

Nangona kunjalo, abahlali base-Irkutsk abasasayimisele isixeko sabo ngaphandle kwemyuziyam, ngoko baqokelela ngokukhawuleza imali efunekayo yokwakha isakhiwo esitye esitsha. Ukongeza, bavuselela ngokukhawuleza ithala leencwadi kwaye banikele ngemiboniso ebalulekileyo eyayifanele ithathe indawo yeempahla ezilahlekileyo emlilweni womlilo.

Ukuvuselela

Ngomnyaka we-1883, ukuvulwa okukhulu kwezakhiwo ezintsha zeemyuziyamu kwenzeke kwaye kwiminyaka elishumi elizayo iqela lakhe, kunye noluntu oluqhubekayo lwe-Irkutsk, lufuna ukuzalisa ukuqokelela iMyuziyamu ye-Lore Lor. Ngenxa yale njongo, iindibano ezininzi zahlelwa. Lo msebenzi wawuphumelele kangangokuthi ngokukhawuleza kwabo bafika e-Irkutsk, iMyuziyam yoMmandla we-Irkutsk yoMlando weNgingqi yaba yinto yokunyanzeliswa kwabafundi. Ngaphezu koko, kwiminyaka yokugqibela yekhulu lama-20, iikopi zayo zaziboniswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimiboniso ehloniphekileyo, kuquka eParis noNovgorod.

Imbali yemyuziyam enkulungwane ye-20

Emva kokumiselwa kwamandla eSoviet eSiberia, i-Irkutsk Regional Museum yoMlando weNgingqi (imbali yesiseko iboniswe ngentla) yenziwe isizwe, kwaye iqela elitsha lophuhliso laqala. Ngomnyaka we-1936 ngokusekelwe kwi-museum yase-Irkutsk yezobugcisa zengingqi yasungulwa.

Kwi-50-70 ye-20 leminyaka, i-USSR ithathe umgaqo-nkqubo ukuphuhlisa imimandla yasempuma yelizwe. Ngeli xesha, i-IOCM yaba yindawo apho kubhaliwe khona iiprogram zeeprojekthi ezinkulu zokwakha zaseSoviet, kunye namaxwebhu, iifoto kunye neminye imibukiso eqokelelwe ngabakhi be-Main Baikal-Amur, kwisikhululo samandla kagesi ase - Irkutsk , njl. Namhlanje benza ukuba bakwazi ukuqonda umsebenzi wamaqhawe aseRussia asebekhulile awazange avumele imizamo yabo yokuqonda ESiberia naseMpuma Ekude, kunye nokuqinisekisa amandla oqoqosho kunye nempi ase-USSR.

Museum namhlanje

Ngeli xesha umboniso wemyuziyam uqulethwe ngamacandelo angama-8. Kubandakanya: amasebe embali, imvelo, umsebenzi kunye nophuhliso kunye neendaba kunye neengxowa-mali. Ukongezelela, i-Studio Museum ye-Museum yase-Irkutsk yoMmandla weMbali yeNgingqi inendima enkulu ebomini kwenkcubeko, kwaye kwidilesi ngoJulayi 3, 21 ukuchazwa kwe "Window ku-Asia" isebenza.

Iqhayiya lemyuziyam liqokelelo oluxabisekileyo lwezikhumbuzo ze-archaeological, ezibandakanya iimveliso ze-jade zexesha elitsha lamatye kunye nezinto ezahlukileyo kwiinkonzo zamaBuddha kunye nama-shamanic.

IOMC ihlaziya rhoqo imisebenzi yemveli kunye nemfundo, kuquka nabantwana. Ngethuba lohambo kunye neentetho ezincinane abahlali base-Irkutsk baqhelana nembali yesixeko sabo esizalweni kunye nokwandisa i-horizons yabo.

Amahotele kufuphi ne-museum ye-Irkutsk yengingqi

Abaninzi balabo abaza kwikomkhulu yaseMpuma yeSiberia, balwela ukuhlala kwindawo ephakathi, apho i-IOCM ikhona. Ephantse kwiimyuziyam kukho iihotele ezininzi. Phakathi kwazo:

• Inkundla yeMarriott;
• "Inkwenkwezi";
• "UVictoria";
• Irkut;
• Ihotele yoshishino "Delta", njl.

Bangakwazi ukuqeshisa amakamelo eendidi ezahlukileyo, ezahlukileyo kwixabiso kunye nenqanaba leenkonzo.

Ishedyuli yomsebenzi kunye noonxibelelwano

Imyuziyamu ivulekile yonke imihla yeveki, ngaphandle kweMvulo. Iiyure zokuvula zivela ngo-10: 00 ukuya ku-18: 00. Idilesi yemyuziyam: iKarl Marx isitalato, 11. Ifowuni yemibuzo ingafumaneka kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni. Iikitikhi kumyuziyam ubiza ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-50 ukuya kuma-200. Kwi-IOKM ungasebenzisa inani leenkonzo ezongezelelweyo. Phakathi kwazo:

• Uhambo oluthile okanye lokubheka i-Irkutsk. Ubude beyure 1. Iindleko zeeruble ezingama-2500.
• Udumo olujikeleze isixeko ngolwimi lwangaphandle. Ubude beyure 1. Iindleko zeeruble ezingama-2500.

Ngoku uyazi ulwazi olusisiseko malunga neMyuziyam yeMbali yase-Irkutsk yeMbali, enokubaluleka ngokutyelela, ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nalo mzi kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko ezide kunye nabantu abahlala eMpuma yeSiberia.