I "inja": imbali yimbonakalo, ixabiso kunye igama elichanekileyo

Kwi-Internet, uphawu ezaziwayo-kakuhle i "inja" lisetyenziswa njenge umahluli phakathi igama domain kunye yomsebenzisi igama (igama) kwi syntax iidilesi email.

udumo

Abanye abantu abalwela intanethi bathi umlinganiswa ezichaziweyo Utyikityo isithuba eqhelekileyo unxibelelwano kunye omnye wabalinganiswa idumileyo ehlabathini.

Enye ubungqina ingqalelo ehlabathini lonke eli phawu ekunokuthiwa yokuba ngo-2004 (ngoFebruwari), i-International Telecommunication Union wenze oboniswa ikhowudi worse ikhowudi ekhethekileyo ukubonisa @. Luhlanganisa kweekhowudi amabini Latin: C no A, nto leyo ebonakalisa ukubhala zabo joint lomzobo.

endabeni "Dog"

ngumphandi Italian Dzhordzhio Stabile eyafumanekayo yokugcina, ephethwe yi-Institute of History Economic e Prato (kufutshane Florence oko), uxwebhu ukuba okwesihlandlo sokuqala wafumana uphawu ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Okunye ubungqina obalulekileyo ileta evela yokurhweba Florence, nto leyo nangoku inkxaso-mali kunyaka-1536.

It is a umbuzo imikhombe emithathu zabarhwebi, wafika eSpeyin. Njengenxalenye kweenqanawa impahla wabonakala container apho ukuthutha iwayini, ephawulwe @. Emva kokuhlalutya data kwi ixabiso iwayini, kwakunye umthamo iimpahla ezahlukeneyo zamaxesha, uze uthelekise iinkcukacha kunye nenkqubo jikelele minye yasetyenziswa ngaloo maxesha, ISAZINZULU bagqiba ukuba uphawu @ yayisetyenziswa njengendawo iyunithi yokulinganisa okhethekileyo othatha indawo anfora igama (in translation "amphora"). Ngoko kumaxesha amandulo ukuba ngokuba umda jikelele ngomlinganiselo.

Theory Berthold Ullman

Berthold Ullman - umphengululi yaseMelika oye wacebisa ukuba isimboli @ saphuhliswa yi ziimonki aphakathi ukunciphisa amazwi ukwanda ad imvelaphi Latin, nto leyo isoloko isetyenziswa intsingiselo ligama "nxamnye", "phakathi", "kwi".

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iilwimi IsiFrentshi, IsiPhuthukezi kunye Spanish, lo gama livela elithi "arroba", nto leyo imele ubunzima njengenyathelo staroispanskuyu (15 kg), olufinyeziweyo njengoko labekwa kwi isimboli unobumba @.

modernity

Abantu abaninzi abanomdla igama nesimboli "inja". Qaphela ukuba igosa igama mihla lomlinganiswa iyalila "yorhwebo kwi» kwaye luphumba akhawunti zabo, ekwathi kuyo esetyenziswa kwimeko ilandelayo: 7widgets @ $ 2each = $ 14. Oku kungenziwa ngokuthi njengezabelo 7 $ 2 = $ 14

Ekubeni uphawu "inja" lalisetyenziswa kwishishini, wazibeka phezu keyboard woomatshini. Wada waya wokuchwetheza lokuqala embalini yoluntu , "Underwood", nto leyo wakhululwa emva ngo-1885. Kwaba kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-80 ubude uphawu "inja" ilifa yokuqala computer.

Internet

Makhe nisinga imbali esemthethweni ye-World Wide Web. Yena uthi kukho uphawu intanethi "inja" kwi dilesi ye-imeyili ungadlulanga injineli kunye unobuchule American ogama Ray Tomlinson, owathi ngo-1971 wakwazi ukuthumela nge kwinethiwekhi okokuqala kwimbali i-imeyile. Kulo mzekelo, idilesi kwafuneka ukuba wakhiwe iinxalenye ezimbini - igama computer apho ubhaliso kwenziwa, yaye igama lomsebenzisi. Ngenxa umahluli phakathi kwezi ndawo Tomilson wakhetha uphawu "inja" kwi-keyboard, njengoko na inxalenye yayo nayiphi na amagama ikhompyutha okanye amagama umsebenzisi.

Iinguqulelo ngemvelaphi igama odumileyo "inja"

Kwihlabathi kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi kangangoko ngemvelaphi igama enjalo funny. Okokuqala, lo icon ngenene efana kakhulu inja, zijonge phezulu.

Ukongeza, ayinako isandi negama (a uphawu lwe inja IsiNgesi nje ukufunda njalo) isuntswana njengenja barking. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho ukuyila elungileyo, ungabona uphawu phantse kuzo zonke iincwadi eziyinxalenye elithi "inja", mhlawumbi, ngaphandle "ukuba".

Noko ke, eyona romantic, ungatsalela umnxeba ilivo elandelayo. Kudala-dala, ngexesha xa bonke iikhompyutha yayimikhulu kakhulu, yaye izikrini - umbhalo kuphela, ebukumkanini virtual kwakuhlala omnye umdlalo othandwayo esibizwa, ibonisa nokuqulethileyo - «Adventure» (Adventure).

intsingiselo yalo ukuhamba ngapha imeyizi wadala nge computer ekhangela ezahlukeneyo yobuncwane. Kwakukho, Kakade, kunye kusiliwa naye imfazwe nezidalwa komhlaba ngolunya. Mibono obala lwalupayintiwe usebenzisa iisimboli "-", "+", yaye umdlalo, oominenga nobutshaba kunye nobutyebi etyunjwe iisimboli ezahlukeneyo kunye neeleta "!".

Ngaphezu koko, ngokutsho ibali, umdlali lowo abahlobo kunye nomncedisi abanyanisekileyo - inja, leyo kusoloko ukuthunyelwa ukuhlola mangcwaba. Libonisa nje @ uphawu. Ngaba ngoku ke oyena nobangela igama eqhelekileyo, okanye, icala, umdlalo lo icon ekhethiweyo ababhekisi phambili, kuba ngokwenene igama? Le ilejendi imibuzo unika akukho mpendulo.

Yintoni na le niyibiza ngokuba "inja" enembonakalo yenyani kwamanye amazwe?

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwilizwe lethu uphawu "inja" kubizwa ngokuba inkunzi yegusha, iindlebe, Bun, amasele, inja, nokuba kryakozyabry. In Bulgaria - i "maymunsko i" okanye "klomba" (nenkawu A). In the Netherlands - nyani umsila (apenstaartje). indawo uSirayeli linxulunyaniswa umqondiso akho ( "strudel").

IsiPhuthukezi Spanish, French yaye kuthiwa nolwabiwo ngokufanayo njengoko ubunzima (ngokulandelelana: arroba, arrobase kunye arrobase). Ukuba nicela nantoni na uphawu yenja abahlali iPoland eJamani, baya kuphendula ukuba nyani, isiqhoboshi, inkawu nyani indlebe okanye umsila. Foot kucingwa eItali, ebiza chiocciola.

amagama Ngaphantsi enkondlo ogama uphawu eSweden, Norway kunye Denmark, esithi "bhuqe» (snabel-a) okanye umsila lwendlovu (kwaye tailed). Igama kakhulu eziluncuthu kungathathwa eyongeziweyo lobeko lwe Czechs kwaye Slovaks, ngubani cinga uphawu bembethe herring (rollmops). Association kunye ikhitshi kunye tirhisa amaGrike, ebiza igama elithi "ipasta encinane."

Kuba baninzi, kusenjalo nenkawu, ezizezi eSlovenia, Romania, Holland, iCroatia, Serbia (maјmun; enye: "Uphambene A»), Ukraine (enye: noqebeyi, inja, inja). Igama elithi waboleka Lithuania (eta - «le" zokuboleka kunye Ukongeza morpheme Lithuanian ekupheleni) Ekubeni ulwimi IsiNgesi kunye Latvia (et - «fl"). Abazi kunokubangela eyongeziweyo lobeko lwe Hungarians, apho umqondiso cute iye gazi.

Ikati kunye umdlalo mouse 'ukudlala "Finland (umsila cat kaThixo), eMelika (ikati), Taiwan kunye China (mouse). Romantics abemi Turkey (elisesifubeni lesinxibo). Wabiza "goso A» Vietnam lo icon.

enye hypothesis

Kukholelwa ukuba wabonakala igama nokonyulwa "inja" ngolwimi Russian enkosi iikhompyutha odumileyo DVK. Bona "inja" ivela ngexesha kuqaliso. Eneneni uphawu kufana inja encinane. Bonke abasebenzisi DCK, wangathi ilizwi, usungule igama nesimboli.

Exakayo, upelo wokuqala Latin unobumba «A» bacinga curls yomhombiso wakhe, kwaba efana kakhulu uphawu lwangoku ukubhala "Dog". Translation of the elithi "inja" ngolwimi Tatar iyalila "umgangatho".

phi enye udibana i "inja"?

Kukho iinkonzo eziliqela ezisebenzisa lo phawu (ngaphandle nge-imeyili): HTTP, FTP, Jabber, Active Directory. Xa IRC phawu ibekwe ngaphambi kokucacisa igama ijelo umqhubi, umzekelo, @oper.

zisetyenziswa kakhulu yaye umqondiso kwiilwimi eziphambili kweenkqubo. E Java, isetyenziselwa isishwankathelo isibhengezo. Xa C # ifunelwa ukuhlolwa abalinganiswa kumgca ngamnye. Nokusebenza iidilesi ukuthatha ngokufanelekileyo okhethwe Pascal. Kuba Perl - oku ke Umchongi wendawo uluhlu, kunye Python, ngokulandelelana, ezithathwa decorator. isazisi endle umzekelo we umqondiso bumi Ruby.

Yona PHP, oko "inja" lisetyenziswa ukuze kufihlwe imposiso okanye basilumkise sele yenzekile ngexesha ukwenza lo msebenzi. uphawu indirection Isimaphambili waba assembler MCS-51. In XPath - lophawu segama axis oko kukhetha iseti iimpawu for the element yangoku.

Ekugqibeleni, Transact-SQL uthatha ukuba igama lendawo eziguquguqukayo kufuneka siqale @, yaye igama variable - kunye @ ezimbini. Xa iifayile ibhetshi DOS, enkosi umlinganiswa, usamile zicinezelwa imithetho ephunyeziweyo. izenzo Isikhundla njengoko echo ukucima indlela idla isicelo phambi kokuba ukuqaliswa wolawulo, ukwenzela ukuthintela ukubonisa umyalelo ethile (ukuba mzekeliso: @echo off).

Ngoko ke sijonge indlela ezininzi iinkalo zobomi virtual kwaye ibe yinyani lixhomekeke umlinganiswa eqhelekileyo. Kodwa masikhe ukulibala ukuba kubulela ezaziwa kakhulu ukuya e-mail ethunyelwa ngamawaka yonke imihla. Sinako ukucinga ukuba namhlanje uya kufumana i-imeyile kunye "nenja," yaye iya kuzisa iindaba ezilungileyo kuphela.