I-Alimony ngomntwana: zingaphi ipesenti, kwaye ingaba ingatshintshwa

Ukwahlukana ngexesha lethu akukho mntu uyamangalisa, kodwa kusekho abantu abangayazi ukuba yiyiphi enye into enomntwana omnye, ubuninzi bobawo kufuneka bahlawule abantwana ababini kunye nokuba yeyiphi inkokhelo engabelwe iintlawulo. Abo bachaphazelekayo ngxaki kufuneka bafunde ngokucophelela zonke iinkcukacha ezikhoyo.

Ukuchonga ubungakanani

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-alimony inqunywe njengepesenti yomvuzo wabahlawuli. Eli khetho libhekwa njengento yonke, kuba kukho utshintsho kwingeniso kabawo, akukho mfuneko yokufaka isicelo kwakhona enkundleni, ukutshintsha ingxaki, kuba iintlawulo zibalwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba umhlawuli unemali eyongezelelweyo, iintlawulo ziya kwandiswa. Ukuba ingeniso iyancipha, i-alimony iya kwenza okufanayo. Olu khetho luqwalasela iminqweno yamabini omabambano kwaye luvumela ukukhusela ngokukhululekileyo amalungelo omntwana ukuba athole ukugcinwa kwezinto ezivela kumzali osekho.

Ipesenti ye-alimony ichazwe kwi-SC yelizwe lethu, kumanqaku angama-81. Umlinganiselo wokuxothwa kuxhomekeke kwinani labantwana kwintsapho:

• Umntwana owodwa ufumana isigxina semali engenayo;
• ezimbini, i-33% yengeniso yomzali eyashiya intsapho iya kuhlawulwa;
• Abantwana abathathu okanye ngaphezulu banelungelo lokufumana isiqingatha.

Xa kuhlaziywa isenzo senkundla, iimpawu zomntu ngamnye zinokuthi ziqwalaselwe. Nangona kubeni sifumene ukuba yiyiphi impawu yomntwana omnye, inzala enokufumana ngayo ekupheleni, kuxhomekeke, umzekelo, ngokufumaneka kwabantwana kwintsapho entsha yomzali. Ukuba umhlawuli unabanye abantwana, ngoko oomama, ukuba bafake i-alimony, banciphise iintlawulo zabo ngamnye. Kule meko kulungelelanisa njani abantwana ukuba babalwe? Ingakanani ipesenti abaya kuyenza kule meko, iya kuxhomekeka ekubunjweni kwentsapho.

Ukuhlaziya

Ipesenti ezisemthethweni akusiyo inamba ehlalayo. Kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa okanye ukunyuka kwiintlawulo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ungatshintsha isabelo ngenxa yomntwana kungekuphela kwithuba lokubuyiselwa, kodwa nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphambi kokuba iminyaka yobudala yomntwana. Ukuqalisa utshintsho kwi-alimony inokufumana ummkeli kunye nomhlawuli.

Nciphise

Ukunciphisa inani leendleko zempahla yomntwana linokufumana iresidi ekhoyo rhoqo ngumhlawuli wemali engenayo. Ukwenza njengommangali, unokuzivakalisa enkundleni njengesizathu sokuthi imali efunyenwe idlula iimfuno zincinci okanye inkcitho yomzali wakhe wesibini (ukuba kunokwenzeka, bonise ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezixa). Ukubonelelwa ngeminqweno yomzali nomntwana, inkundla inokunciphisa ipesenteji yentlawulo kwixabiso elifanelekileyo. Yintoni eya kuba yi-alimony yomntwana, bangaphi ipesenti yomvuzo abaya kwenzayo-kuya kuba ngabanye kwiimeko ezifanayo. Ukunciphisa intlawulo, kuyadingeka ukuba ufake isicelo kwinkundla ngesithuthi.

Ukwandisa inani le-alimony

Ukwazi ukuba i-alimony yinto yomntwana omnye, zingaphi ipesenti kuya kufuneka 'zihlulwe' kumvuzo, abaninzi abahlawuli bazama ukufihla inxalenye yengeniso. Ukuba imali efunyenweyo ayikwazi ukugubungela iindleko zincinci kumntwana omncinci, umzali wesibini unelungelo lokufaka isicelo kwi-judicial judiciary ukwenzela ukwanda kwenani lentlawulo.

Xa ucinga ityala, inkundla kufuneka ithathe ingqalelo imingcele yabantu abanomdla. Ukuba kubonakala ukuba imali engenayo yomvuzo ngumntu ongezantsi, isigqibo siya kwenziwa ukwenzela ukukhusela iimfuno zincinci njengomntu okhuselekileyo.

Ubuncinane ubuncinane

Kuze kube ngu-2015, bekungekho umda ophantsi weentlawulo, abaninzi abakhokheli basebenzise oku, baphantsi kweengeniso zabo. Kodwa umthetho wamkelwa, olawula lo mbandela. Ngoku, inkxaso yenkxaso yomntwana omnye (zingaphi ipesenti eziboniswe ngasentla) azikwazi ukuba ngaphantsi kwezinto ezifunekayo. Ubuncinci ubalwa ukusuka kwizabelo ukuya kwixabiso elincinci elincinane elihambelana nommandla wokuhlala kwincinci. Lo mthetho awusebenzi nje kuphela ukuhambelana, uhlawulwa njengepesenti yemali engenayo, kodwa uhlawulelwe kwisixa esicwangcisiweyo. Ngoko, ngo-2017 umzali unyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule umntwana ngenyanga ngaphandle kwezantsi:

• ii-ruble ezingama-1875 enye encinci;
• 2500 - ezimbini kwiintsapho ezifanayo;
• 3750 - ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu.

Ewe, le mali ye-alimony ayikwazi ukumboza ngisho nenkcitho encinci kumntwana. Ngo-2014, isiphakamiso senziwe ukuseka inani elincinci le-alimony ye-ruble eyi-15 000, kodwa le bhili-mali iyanqatshwa. Abalawuli bayaqiniseka ukuba inkokhelo enyanzelisayo enjalo iyaphula amalungelo abo bahlawuli bevela kumacandelo amaninzi afumana imali. Ukusungulwa komda ophantsi we-alimony kusenceda kuphela kumhlawuli, kuba iimfuno zomntwana zidinga imali eninzi yokugcinwa kwazo.

Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba xa abazali beqhawule umtshato, ama-juveniles asoloko elahlekile. Uninzi lwabawo alufuni ukuhlawula ipesenteji yengeniso ebekwa ngokusemthethweni. Uninzi lwawo luzama ukunciphisa zonke ezi zixa zikhona, zibonisa imali encinci kunenayo. Ukufuna ukuhlwaya umfazi wokuqala, abacingi ukuba abantwana babo bachaphazelekayo kuqala.