Gate Kumkani. Kaliningrad

Isango loKumkani (eKaliningrad) - enye amahlandinyuka edume bobugcisa kakhulu isixeko wasentshona Russia. Ngembonakalo, isakhiwo lufana hayi Inqaba yamandulo, hayi kuzingela inqaba encinane.

Imbali emfutshane zokuzifaka apha e Kaliningrad

Enqabeni yokuqala lomlanjana Pregel kwavela phakathi kwenkulungwane XIII. Noko ke, ingcamango ukucima yonke ibe yinqaba Königsberg lafika abemi balo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX (emva kokuba lula waphumelela imikhosi uNapoleon ngayo). Ngowe-1841 isixeko watyelelwa iNkosi uPhilip Friedrich UWilhelm IV, apho abemi Ucele kwakha iseti basezinqabeni ezinamandla.

umsebenzi omkhulu ukwakhiwa iinqaba ngokukhawuleza Königsberg waqalisa, nto leyo waba ligwiba ethembekileyo East Prussia. ring City of iinqaba sahlukana izimpi eziliqela. Nganye kwezi kuquka ezayame, zintaba, iinqaba, izikhundla zokudubula kunye nesango indlela.

Ngophuhliso zokudubula, kwagqitywa ekubeni bayingqonga Kenigsberg kwakhona iinqaba bhanti. Bekucingelwa ukuba ngakumbi ukukhusela umzi ngoncedo elide-uluhlu neziqhushumbisi yotshaba. Kungekudala 15 iinqaba ngezitena (12 ezinkulu ezintathu ezincinane) Yandisa kummandla Kaliningrad yanamhlanje. Bonke eqhagamshelwe ubude indlela ijikazi km 43.

Le kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini yaba ixesha lophuhliso ngokukhawuleza yotshintsho yezixhobo nobuchule yokuqhuba imisebenzi zomkhosi. Ngoko ke, lo zokuzifaka ka Königsberg kakhulu ngokukhawuleza yalupheleyo yaye, enyanisweni, indima yakhe ngezindlu amabali abangazange sizaliseke.

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yamashumi amabini, ummandla wokhuselo yangaphakathi Königsberg yathi yathengwa yolawulo wesixeko emkhosini. Uninzi iinqaba kunye kwenqaba ngabunye emigodini ezenziwe ezitalatweni kunye iindlela. Ngethamsanqa, Isango kaKumkani yasinda. Phezu kwabo kuya kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

Isango loKumkani (eKaliningrad): inkcazo kunye nendawo

Ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje eKaliningrad-Königsberg wahlala amasango ezisixhenxe ibhanti engaphakathi iinqaba uthandana ukususela phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX. It kwamasango Rossgarten ngasentla, kunye Ausfalskie sikaloliwe - kwi-West, Brandenburg (kwi-ntshona), Friedland (kwelasezantsi), Sackheim kunye nesango loKumkani (empuma). Bonke bephela zakhiwa kwisithuba ukususela 1840 ukuya 1850 kwi isimbo Gothic Imvuselelo.

Isango bokumkani yokomfuziselo mzi, ukuba sihle kakhulu kwaye buchaza kakuhle bonke abanye. Umbhali ukwakhiwa ke jikelele Ernst Ludwig von Aster. imifanekiso Manufacturing ozibandakanye Vilgelm Lyudvig Shtyurmer.

Amasango zimi shaft Lithuanian phakathi umbuso "Grolman" kunye nomzila le Pregel Entsha.

Imbali ukwakhiwa yeSango Royal

Isango got igama layo ukusuka kwindlela eponymous. Royal wabizwa ngokuba ookumkani Prussia abethunyiwe kuye evela kuloo mzi (indlela athelele namadlelo Devau).

Ukubeka ilitye yokuqala lobume elizayo kwenzeka ngo-1843. Ngelo xesha waya uKumkani Friedrich UWilhelm IV. Ngexesha ukwakhiwa emasangweni macala omabini manzi ezikufutshane. Kamva, kunye nophuhliso yezothutho ezindleleni zabo endaweni ephantsi. indlela eyenziwe ecaleni eyakhiwe ngezitena. Ngenxa yoko, isango eyedwa, isakhiwo eyahlukileyo.

Ekuqaleni-90 Isango loKumkani zonakele kakhulu kwaye kwakufuneka ukulungiswa kakhulu. umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa yaqala kuphela ekwindla 2004. Baye yabelwe ukusuka mali engange malunga nezigidi ezingama-20.

Iimpawu lokwakhiwa kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Namasango isakhiwo lwezitena ezibomvu, kuqulethe sicatshulwa ububanzi (4.5 meters) kunye casemates, akhiwe ngapha nangapha kuyo. Ukwakhiwa embrasures ngaphandle lwesamente. ngesango oxwesileyo dissected ibhanti-uphahla zibe iinxalenye ezimbini. Iikona aphezulu uphahla lwezi casemates, kwakunye imiyalelo, jize kunye nongqameko turrets ezincinane.

Le tier ephezulu kukho zinokuhonjiswa emathambekeni esangweni apho eqingqiweyo kaKumkani Czech Otakar II, Prussia uKumkani Frederick I-Prussia kunye iNkosana Albrecht I.

Ngowe-2005, emva kokuba imisebenzi kokubuyiselwa, udonga yesango Royal wabeka kwenzeka umyalezo izizukulwana ezizayo. Enye amangeno ekuso umongameli Russia Vladimir Putin.

Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, kwaba ababesesangweni lokumkani babe amaxabiso ezininzi, obufihlwe umkhosi waseJamani ngexesha kokurhoxa esixekweni ngo-1945.

KaKumkani Gate Museum kunye nexesha umsebenzi wayo

Ebusika 2005, isango waba isebe i-World Ocean Museum. Esi sakhiwo kwaku imiboniso emininzi uzinikele kuphuhliso iinqaba aloo mzi, utyelelo eKaliningrad ezahlukeneyo Ubuntu ezaziwayo-kakuhle, ingakumbi - ukumkani Embassy of uPetros Great eYurophu.

I-museum kwakhona rhoqo kwenziwe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, imibhiyozo kunye neentlanganiso iindwendwe kwamanye amazwe. A uhlobo 'isango "eRashiya ukuze oogxa bethu Western baye Isango ukumkani endala. Idilesi Museum: isitalato Frunze, 112. Ukutyelela sesichengeni ngemihla yakhe ibe ukususela kwiiyure ezili-11 ukuya ku-18 (ngaphandle ngoMvulo nangoLwesibini) ..