Forest And Environment

Forest - oku uhlobo engundoqo kwezityalo maleko yomhlaba. Yeyona nto iimveliso ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kuyabiza, zizixhobo ngokwaneleyo ubudala-yaziwa kakuhle esetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Yeyona emanyeneyo, okusingqongileyo nje inxalenye yawo. Kulo mba, ukwahlulwa amahlathi kunye nokusingqongileyo uthathwa ukuba eqhelekileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuvulwa ngokuthe ngcembe kobudlelwane zabo, ngqo kunye inguqu.
Ufundo isithuba ulwalamano kunye nokusingqongileyo, amahlathi kunye bume eziphilayo nehlathi ibandakanyeka ebanzi cross-candelo. Njengoko into yokusingqongileyo kwaye ingqalelo iintlobo ezithile beenkuni non-iinkuni izinto ehlathini. Forest eziphilayo njengoko sineko kubandakanya le miba ilandelayo: autekologicheskie ubhalo. Kwinkalo lokuqala luquka ihlathi kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukuya wesibini - iintlobo ngamnye kunye nokusingqongileyo.
La macala mabini kuxoxwe ihlathi eziphilayo: lokuqala - ifuthe imiba yokusingqongileyo ubomi yehlathi; yesibini - ixabiso yokusingqongileyo kunye nefuthe amahlathi kokusingqongileyo singqongwe kuyo. Kwimeko yesibini ikuthethayo ifuthe isithuba ehlathini ngaphaya kwalo, apho kuhlala amahlathi. Oku kulandela uphando eziphilayo yehlathi indima engqongileyo ubukho ehlathini nje emanyeneyo, inxalenye apho esi sigaba. Yonke Zininzi izinto zokusingqongileyo ezibonakalisa lesoproizrastaniya iimeko zobomi kunye nophuhliso amahlathi, kuncitshiswa ukuya kumaqela ezimbalwa: okokuqala, imiba kwemozulu, kuquka imitha, izintlu zeenkqubo amanzi, intshukumo kunye nokwakhiwa zezulu , njalo-njalo.
Okwesibini, edaphic nezinto orographic. Ziquka umhlaba, umhlaba, i-mphandle, njengoko amqengqelezi Makhe ezintabeni.
Iqela lesithathu, imiba zasemanzini. Eli qela kuquka izityalo, izilwanyana, kunye ezincane.
Iqela lesine - izinto anthropogenic.
Okwesihlanu, izinto zembali.
Kwindalo, kukho impembelelo oluntsonkothileyo iimeko zokusingqongileyo, ezivelayo nendibaniselwano ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba tshintsha enye into, ngokuqinisekileyo litshintsha enye. Umzekelo: xa utshintsha indawo efunekayo ukutshintsha kunye nemozulu, umhlaba kunye nezinye izinto.
Ngenxa yoko, phantsi kwempembelelo ezahlukeneyo imiba yokusingqongileyo lihlathi. Ichaphazela indalo, kwaye wenza zonke ezi zinto, ukudala esikhethekileyo kuphela kuye bume okhethekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba umntu kwimeko nje ekuhlaleni, naye jikelele.
Ukuba sihlolisisa imisebenzi zokusingqongileyo yehlathi zingahlukaniswa iintlobo ezimbini iziphumo kokusingqongileyo: mechanical kunye biogeochemical. Umsebenzi ngoomatshini yenziwa ngokusebenzisa biomass. Eziphilayo xa bebonke, okanye iikhomponenti ngamnye, apho laliwaphethe eziphilayo unit ndawo. imisebenzi kwemichiza - imisebenzi komzimba ezifana photosynthesis, etyuwa, nezinto ezinjengezo.
Eminye imisebenzi ehlathini: imveliso, ukucocwa carbon uphawu umoya, imozulu, imozulu kunye nokukhuselwa amanzi.
Ukukwazi kwamahlathi kukususa carbon evela zombini emoyeni kunye kwamagciwane. Ukususela ezingcolisa umoya icocwe ngenxa edalwayo, kwaye ngokwasemzimbeni nomphunga isimemezelo.
ukutyala Ihlathi ke kakhulu ukunciphisa ifuthe ingxolo, ukukhusela indlela ukuthintela ukuba unomsebenzi omninzi.
Amahlathi kuchaphazela izenzakalo esesibhakabhakeni. Oku kudala microclimate yaso, esetyenziswa sokukhuselwa kwezityalo, umhlaba kunye like. Ifutha ngokwakhayo ihlathi wemvula kwamanzi omhlaba, ekubeni inkoliso amanzi komhlaba ihamba komhlaba. Amanzi aphantsi komhlaba bondliwa imilambo ngaloo ndlela eqinisekisa kwinqanaba eliphezulu lamanzi, kokubini ebusika yaye ehlotyeni. kumahlathi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo.