Ezibonakalayo yimibono ifilosofi

Udidi lwe efanelekileyo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa zenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo, hayi kuphela bulumko. Noko ke, izinto eziphathekayo kunye yimibono-bulumko ngumba enkulu. Umlinganiselo kwezi ndidi zimbini bulumko, umba sinzima, apho impikiswano iyaqhubeka.

Ingqiqo eziphathekayo kunye yimibono-bulumko ibisoloko. Leybnits G. V., ummeli bulumko eJamani, wabhala ukuba elikhulu ezibonakalayo uEpicurus kunye idealist - zikaPlato.

Ingxaki yale yenziwayo-bulumko njengoko izazinzulu wakhathazeka izinto ukusukela ekuqaleni kwexesha.

Ukutshintsha kwaye ihlaziywa, iimbono eziphathekayo kunye yimibono-bulumko musa ukuba urhulumente static.

Xa inzululwazi classical esi sehlo yemveli umbandela lonke zendalo, oko kukuthi, wokwenene buphelele - .. Ukuze, kamoya yangaphakathi womntu, isiqaqa yakhe.

inzululwazi Modern ukholelwa ukuba lo unikezelo kakhulu kangako, kuba ezifanelekileyo kunye nezinto na imigaqo ezimbini zendalo.

Noko ke, le nkcazelo classical, sisazi namhlanje, iveziwe ummeli F. Schlegel -bulumko German yamandulo ngenkulungwane ye-19.

Ezibonakalayo yimibono-bulumko ayikho twatse obubonakala yawo ngokusekelwe oku uyakwazi bucala ngeendlela zabo ezahlukeneyo.

zalo ezibonakalayo

Ezibonakalayo Greece yamandulo kunye East, apho izinto zehlabathi lokwenene wendalo ingqalelo kubo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sezingqondweni - ukuba kunjalo ngokuba, ifomu wokuqala izinto eziphathekayo. Abameli kule bulumko na ekunokuthiwa Democritus, inabe, Heraclitus kunye nezinye

Ngomatshini (ezintweni) eziphathekayo saka eYurophu mihla. Ngeli xesha, uqala eziphathekayo ingqalelo ukusuka kwindawo imbono ngayo indalo. Kwaye zonke izinto ezibonakalayo ixesha wayicola isindululo ngomatshini iintlobo mba. eli xesha ngabameli UGalileo, uYohane. Locke, Bacon kunye nabanye.

iintlobo yimibono

Njengoko ngokunjalo izinto eziphathekayo, yimibono uye ngeendlela eziliqela, ukusuka apho sinako ukuchonga eziphambili ezimbini.

Injongo yimibono ithi ukuba umoya ingcamango kaThixo akuxhomekekanga akukho ngalo mbandela, okanye lokuqonda koluntu. Zefilosofi ucinga njalo - Plato, Hegel, kunye F. Aquinas.

yimibono ayinyani inombono ukuba bonke kuxhomekeke ingqondo yomntu, oko kukuthi. E. Ukhangela, ukuba ibona abantu bayo. A ummeli ebalulekileyo kulo mkhuba J., eBerkeley.

Ingongoma kakhulu kule ndawo kuboniswa solipsism (ukusuka solus Latin -. Omnye, abangatshatanga kunye ipse - ngokwakhe). Zobulumko oku ucinga ukuba Qinisekisa ukuba wokuqinisa ukuthembeka kunokuba kuphela "Mna" kunye neemvakalelo zabo yakhe.

zalo ezibonakalayo

Ezibonakalayo Greece yamandulo kunye East, apho izinto zehlabathi lokwenene wendalo ingqalelo kubo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sezingqondweni - ukuba kunjalo ngokuba, ifomu wokuqala izinto eziphathekayo. Abameli kule bulumko na ekunokuthiwa Democritus, inabe, Heraclitus kunye nezinye

Ngomatshini (ezintweni) eziphathekayo saka eYurophu kule mihla siphila kuyo. Ngeli xesha, uqala eziphathekayo ingqalelo ukusuka kwindawo imbono ngayo indalo. Kwaye zonke izinto ezibonakalayo ixesha lifinyele ukuba ngomatshini uhlobo sesindululo lomba. eli xesha ngabameli UGalileo, uYohane. Locke, Bacon kunye nabanye.

ezibonakalayo Dialectical kwi bulumko owadalwa Marx kunye Engels, isekelwe phezu ifilosofi Hegel. Ayekholelwa ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu bulumko Hegel yeyona ngoluvo lokuba abacinga kunye nomsebenzi abantu andiyithunywanga nantoni na uhlobo lokugqibela. Kwakunye nengxelo ukuba inyaniso - oku hayi ezinye uhlobo imfundiso, kunye nenkqubo indlela yembali kuphuhliso lolwazi.

Kuba ifilosofi eziphathekayo dialectical, akukho nto kuhlala kunye esisigxina. Kuzo zonke ke ukutshatyalaliswa itywina kunye yokuzalwa, kwi intshukumo rhoqo ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu, ukusuka ezantsi ukuya kweliphezulu.

ezibonakalayo Dialectical wathabatha njengesiseko kohlobo bulumko Hegel Noko ke, kwewebhu ngokupheleleyo yaye watshintsha uqobo. Ukuba bulumko Hegel kaThixo wathetha kuphuhliso umoya epheleleyo, xa izinto eziphathekayo dialectical libhekisela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezithi zenzeke kweli eziphathekayo kunye nehlabathi ngokomoya. Ngaphantsi ingcamango kwaqondwa hayi demiurge e Hegel, kodwa zibone ubomi kunye nehlabathi jikelele umntu.