Inkqubo ucinezelo data ukunciphisa umthamo wayo

Kule mihla, abantu abaninzi bacinga lukhulu malunga nendlela inkqubo ucinezelo data ukuze ugcine isithuba kwidiski nzima, yenye ukusebenzisa kakuhle isithuba esinexabiso kuso nasiphi na isixhobo yokugcina. Lidla kubasebenzisi abaphambili ezijongene ukunqongophala kwendawo simahla kwi drive yakho, kuyimfuneko ukususa naziphi na iinkcukacha ukuzama akhulule kwindawo elungileyo, ngelixa abasebenzisi phambili ngakumbi badla ukusebenzisa ucinezelo data ukuze kuncitshiswe umthamo wayo.

Noko ke, abaninzi endingawaziyo nokuba igama inkqubo ucinezelo lwazi, singasathethi oko algorithms asetyenziswa, kwaye enika isicelo nganye kuzo.

Nokuba ngaba compress data?

ucinezelo Data kubalulekile ngokwaneleyo ukuba uthandane, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzisi. Kakade ke, kule mihla phantse nabani na ukuthenga advanced ukugcinwa data, ukubonelela ithuba esebenzisa isixa esikhulu ngokwaneleyo isithuba, kwaye axhotyiswe amajelo osasazo data ngesantya esiphezulu.

Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka iqondwe kakuhle nokuba umthamo data ekufuneka idluliselwe kwandisa ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwaye ukuba kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo ifilimu ingqalelo ukuba umthamo 700MB, i-bhanya umhla, eyenziwe HD-umgangatho, usenokuba umqulu ngokulinganayo amashumi ezininzi gigabytes, ndingasathethi isikhala eninzi kuhlala imifanekiso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngefomathi Blu-ray.

Xa ucinezelo data kuyimfuneko?

Kakade ke, umntu kufuneka silindele ukuba inkqubo data ucinezelo uya kukuzisela wena iingenelo ezininzi, kodwa kukho inani elithile ngeemeko apho kwezinye iindlela data ucinezelo ziluncedo kakhulu, kwaye kuyimfuneko:

• Ukutshintshelwa amaxwebhu athile nge e-mail. Oku kuyinyaniso ingakumbi kwabo iimeko xa ufuna ukugqithisa ulwazi ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, esebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo izixhobo mobile.
• Amaxesha amaninzi inkqubo data ucinezelo ukwenzela ukunciphisa isithuba sahlala isetyenziswa kule ncwadi ka data ezithile kwiziza ezahlukeneyo ezifuna ukulondoloza bandwidth;
• Ukonga indawo kwi hard drive yakho kwimeko akukwazeki ukuba bazithenge okanye ukongeza izibonelelo yokubeka. Ingakumbi, le meko iqhelekileyo kukuba xa kukho imida ethile kwi-mali ekhoyo, kodwa ayina sikhala esaneleyo kwi diski free.

Kakade ke, ukongezelela ngasentla, kukho ezininzi iimeko ezahlukeneyo futhi oko kuya kudinga i data inkqubo ucinezelo ukuze kuncitshiswe umthamo wayo, kodwa ke ezi zezona zixhaphakileyo namhlanje.

njani compress iinkcukacha?

Namhlanje, kukho iindidi ngeendidi kwiindlela ucinezelo data, kodwa yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini eziphambili - le ucinezelo kunye nelahleko ezithile, ngokunjalo lossless ucinezelo.

Ukusetyenziswa kweli qela iindlela liyimfuneko xa idatha kufuneka ezibuyiselwe ngqo phezulu kakhulu, ukuba balithande. Le ndlela liyimfuneko kuphela kwimeko xa ucinezelo lwenziwa ukusuka kuxwebhu kwisicatshulwa.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwezinye iimeko akukho mfuneko ekwakhiweni ngokutsha lichaneke kakhulu data zixinaniswe njalo ubonelela ukuba kusetyenziswe ubuchule ezinjalo, apho ucinezelo data disk lwenziwa ilahleko ezithile. Inzuzo ucinezelo lossy kukuba lo bugcisa kakhulu lula ukuphumeza ngakumbi, kwaye sinika iqondo liphezulu kulondolozwe.

ucinezelo lossy

Ubuchule ukuze ucinezelo data kunye ilahleko zinika umyalelo ubukhulu ucinezelo ngcono lo gama kugcinwe ulwazi olwaneleyo esemgangathweni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa ubuchule ezinjalo yenziwa ukuba compress idata analog, ezifana zonke iintlobo imifanekiso okanye izandi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iifayile atsalwa inokuba nomahluko kakhulu ukusuka inkcazelo yokuqala, kodwa iliso yabantu okanye indlebe azinako yinto enzima.

Lossless

ubuchule ucinezelo ulwazi lossless unike alulame idatha echanekileyo, precluding nayiphi na ilahleko iifayile zixinaniswe. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba siyiqonde kakuhle yokuba kule meko inikwa kungekhona ucinezelo ifayile olusebenzayo.

iindlela Universal

Ukongeza, kukho inani elithile iindlela jikelele, awayenzayo inkqubo olusebenzayo data ucinezelo ukunciphisa isithuba ahlala kuyo. Ngokubanzi, ungakhetha zontathu ubugcisa eziphambili:

• Guqula emfuleni. Kulo mzekelo, ukuchazwa komgangatho data entsha engenayo uncompressed ngokusebenzisa iifayile sele ukuqhubekekiswa, ukubala singàphunyezwa nayiphi ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaye buqonda iisimboli ngokusekelwe kuphela ezo unefayile ezenzwe phantsi zonyango ezithile.
• ucinezelo Statistical. Le nkqubo data ucinezelo ukunciphisa lithathe isithuba kwidiski isasazwa kwi sub-iindidi ezimbini - iindlela okulungisekayo Modular. ukhetho olwenziwayo inika ekubaleni banikwa baphicothwa, ukuba iifayile ezintsha kwi ulwazi iyenziwa kwinkqubo enkhowudingi. Ngokukodwa, iindlela ezinjalo kufuneka sibandakanye zabo ubuchule ezahlukeneyo okulungisekayo Shannon-Fano kunye Huffman. Block algorithm inikeza vyschityvanie eyahlukileyo iyunithi nganye inkcazelo elandelwa nongeza block zixinaniswe.
• ukuguqulwa Unit. ulwazi engenayo yahlulwe iibloko eziliqela, yaye emva koko kwenzeka iinguqu ezifunekayo. Kulo mzekelo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba iindlela ezithile, ingakumbi ezo zisekelwe transposition kweeyunithi eziliqela, ukuze ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekuthotyweni ebalulekileyo umthamo data zixinaniswe. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqonde ukuba emva koku unyango, ekugqibeleni kukho ukuphucuka okukhulu kahle isakhiwo data, apho ukuziphatha ucinezelo ekugqibeleni ezinye algorithms ukusetyenziswa kakhulu ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.

Ucinezelo xa ukopisha

Enye yeendima ezibalulekileyo inkxaso sisixhobo ngawo ukususa ulwazi lomsebenzisi efunekayo. Le data kokukhona luya, ivolyum kokukhona isixhobo kuya kufuneka usebenzise. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba ngaba inkqubo ucinezelo data iza kwenziwa, ngoko ke ingxaki yokunqongophala kwendawo akunakwenzeka ukuba sihlale ezifanelekileyo kuwe.

Kutheni na oko?

Ukuba nokwenzeka ucinezelo data ngexesha kwideskithophu nga kakhulu ukunciphisa ixesha kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba bakope iifayile kuyimfuneko, kwaye ngexesha elinye ukuphumeza imali ngobuchule isikhala kwi drive. Ngamanye amazwi, xa usebenzisa ulwazi ucinezelo iya zikhutshelwa kwi phi icwecwe ngok, kwaye wonge imali yakho kunye nezimali, apho kwakufuneka ukuba uthenge umthamo sokulondoloza. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekuqhubeni ucinezelo data, nani usike ixesha elifunekayo ngokuthutha kwazo zonke data kumncedisi, okanye uzikhuphela ngapha komsebenzi womnatha.

ucinezelo Idatha backup iya kwenziwa ngayo iifayile omnye okanye ngaphezulu - kulo mzekelo, yonke into iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwenkqubo na ozisebenzisayo kwaye loluphi ulwazi zixinaniswe.

Xa ukhetha isixhobo, qiniseka ukuba bajonge indlela apho inkqubo nga compress idatha sele ekhethiweyo. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lolwazi, apho ukusebenza ucinezelo kwamaxwebhu okubhaliweyo kuba ngaphezu kwe-90%, lo gama imifanekiso ucinezelo iya kuba nempumelelo kuba ngaphezu kwe-5%.