Ezi ziqwempu kwimbali - ukuba yinxalenye Sasungulwa zorhwebo. Ukupheliswa serfdom kunye nohlaziyo lomhlaba Russia

Ezi ziqwempu kwimbali - kukuba yinxalenye ilizwe, apho, ngokutsho kuphuculo yamahlwempu kwilizwe lethu lihambe liye kungena ilifa abaqeshisi. Ngokusekelwe isikhundla ukupheliswa serfdom, kuba abasebenzisi imihlaba emaphandleni kunye ilali wamisa inxenye ethile eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba idlula isixa kwangaphambili, inkunkuma abangaphezu kwemfuneko kubanumzana.

iimpawu Jikelele kuphuculo

Ngowe-1861 uyekwa eRashiya serfdom. Noko ke, nangona abalimi bafumana inkululeko, bona kwimimandla abaninzi kwindawo nzima kakhulu ngokunxulumene nemiba yemihlaba. Ezi ziqwempu kwimbali - ukuba yinxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente omtsha wokuhlala imeko yemali yezikhulu mihlaba. Ngapha koko, ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili, ukuba zabandezwa umthombo zazo eziphambili impilo - Ingeniso kunye nemisebenzi kunye kuqoqosho umlimi.

Ngoko ke, abasemagunyeni babhenela kwisingqinisiso enjalo, ukuba abagcine ubuncinane ezinye amalungelo kunye nenzuzo yezoqoqosho. Kwaye oku, Kakade ke, impembelelo embi kakhulu kwi indawo abavelisi ngqo ezolimo, kuba asoloko ndayihluthwa kwindawo engundoqo nezinto zabo. Ezi ziqwempu kwimbali - oku mhlawumbi yenye imiqathango ixakayo kuphuculo umlimi. ubungqina ifudusiwe ukuba uhlanga ngokwayo badla tsakela ku kangangoko njengoko kubalulekile inkululeko kakhulu njengoko emhlabeni kuye.

eziphikisanayo

Ngoko ke, lo yotshintsho ka-1861, kunye yonke ixabiso layo HIV, nangona kunjalo zazinomfanekiso inye into ebaluleke kakhulu: abalimi zabandezwa iziza. Ngenxa zabasebenzi kwezolimo yaba sisiseko bobukho kwabo, ukuba emva kwisikhundla inkululeko babo engxakini enkulu. Kwaye abaninzi okubi ngakumbi imeko kunangaphambili. Ezi ziqwempu kwimbali - oku mhlawumbi umba ixakayo and sensitive ngexesha elifanayo kule inguquko. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba isikhundla kwabanikazi yeklasi-isigwebo iindwalutho zazinzima kakhulu, kangangokuba nabo bengaqondanga zobalelwa ekuthini.

Kodwa ke, nangona lo mnyinyiva, le udidi wahlwempuzeka kakhulu kunene. Iimpawu Zokulinganisela Indlela elithathiweyo nguRhulumente, kwaba alanele ukuxhasa isimo abo entlalo-qoqosho. Ngoko ke ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili, inkqubo athile kunobukhulu abanini yangaphambili enkulu. Okukhona ke ngokuba umongo indawo amacandelo amaninzi yaye akazange aqonde. Oku ngamanye amaxesha ukusetyenziswa kakhulu engokoqobo kumafama ikwazile ukufumana umhlaba, okanye ubuncinane ukunciphisa ubungakanani imithwalo kulungiselelwe lokuvalelwa kwabo.

imiphumela

Sele ekhankanywe ukuba ukwabiwa komhlaba hayi ngokuthanda abalimi. Nangona kunjalo, indawo yokuhlala wabonakala phezu ukwehla, nangona ngokusesikweni ngokusemthethweni nezidwangube zisekho kula wamnika ilungelo. Ukuqonda ukuba Iziqwempu ezinjalo kwimbali, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko apho imimandla yendalo ngokwezelizwe kunye zemozulu ibekwe iziza.

Ngokomzekelo, kwimimandla zomhlaba abamnyama abanini zathathwa kumafama inxalenye enkulu elizweni, ngenxa yokuba kulo mmandla, oko ochumileyo. iingangamsha Rich akwazi ukuthatha nkqu isihlanu oko kakuhle kakhulu kwi indawo lali kunye nabemi bayo. Ngokubanzi, ubukhulu avareji kwisabelo yaba eka emithathu enesiqingatha somhlaba. Oku ngaphantsi kwe kwixesha pre-guqula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abalimi abaninzi engonwabanga. Yalondolozwa ubungqina kwanoko bakhetha ukuhlala ebukhobokeni kunokuba ndibandezwe mali ubukho ngokupheleleyo.

iingxaki lokuqesha umhlaba

Ngoko ke, siye endiqhubene ngalo nawe ukuba amacandelo ezinjalo. Imbali, kwinkcazelo yale mbono, njengoko sele sifundile, kuhlangene ukuya kubuyiselo umlimi. Bekucingelwa ukuba kwimeko wambathe izishumi embalwa ngakumbi norm lusekiwe, abaqeshisi banelungelo bazisunduze amafama kummandla "extra". Ngokuqhelekileyo, le elinesibhozo ekhulwini yonke impahla leyo ilula kakhulu kubanini ezisemaphandleni.

Ukongeza, kwakusekho ingxaki yokufama strip. Abane- emafeni ngokufuthi exineke phakathi abalimi, ukudala le ngxaki amadlelo edlulileyo, sebenzisa basike njalo njalo. Kuba konke oku, kwanyanzeleka ukuba mhlawumbi ukuhlawula umnini, okanye wayiqwenga Sihlahla nje okanye ufezekisa izibophelelo ezithile ukuba ilungelo lokusebenzisa iziza.

Umba izizathu

uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha nokutolikwa umbuzo wokuba yintoni ubude kwimbali Russia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukuqonda kuphuhliso post-nokuguqulwa kwezolimo kweli lizwe jikelele. Mhlawumbi inkqubo entsha ekuqaleni wabetha zombini yokuhlala kunye nabalimi. Le yokugqibela, Kakade ke, kwimeko ezinokuntsonkotha nzima ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba abantu baphulukana ilungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba: amadlelo, iindawo imfuyo njalo njalo. Ngoku imicu apha ihleli exineke ziqwempu, ngokuba ilungelo lokusebenzisa apho abalimi kwafuneka ukuba ahlawule. Ngenxa yoko, abalimi ngqo balahlekelwe izinto zabo kuphela ezingundoqo, kodwa izibonelelo umhlaba owongezelelekileyo.