Esebenzisa Fresnel diffraction?

inkqubela kwezobugcisa likuvumela ukuba wenze i sixhobo, nto leyo ngaphambili nokuphupha kuphela. Ngoku mntu uya kumangaliswa kunye izixhobo zonxibelelwano engenazingcingo, maza and eziphaphazelayo esibhakabhakeni. Kule minyaka idluleyo, kuye kwenziwe ezininzi ezeza nezi, apho ngelo umzuzu kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa ubugcisa bale mihla kweziyobisi kunye ezahlukeneyo izixhobo, ukuvumela ukwenza uqhaqho ezintsonkothileyo. Hi xikombiso, le diffraction Fresnel watyhila ezinye iinkcukacha malunga uhlobo lokukhanya, olungaziwayo.

Augustin Fresnel, J. (1788-1827)

-Nzulu French wazalelwa kwintsapho zizifundiswa, uyise waye wezakhiwo. Esengumntwana, uJean Augustin wayengekho uphuhliso umntwana yiminyaka-8 ubudala, wasinda ukwenza ngaphandle oonobumba. Kwathi ngelo xesha, akukho namnye unako ukucinga ukuba imbeko yakhe kuya kuthiwa enye nesenzeko ezibalulekileyo zemvelo - Fresnel diffraction.

Le Isazinzulu lakwazi ukuya kwisikolo rhoqo, kodwa xa wayeneminyaka 13. Emva kokufunda kwi Cannes, yamachiza elizayo ebengena Paris Polytechnic School of kwiindawo apho zoqhanqalazo yootitshala kunye namakhono yengqondo namanye, kwavela kuye ngelo xesha. Emva ekupheleni kwesi sikolo Fresnel ungena "School of Bridges Neendlela" kwaye wafumana uvumo yinjineli.

O. Fresnel yanikezelwa ngowe-1827 amaxabiso aphezulu of the Royal Society of amabhaso London - iimedali Rumford. Kwakhona, i-nzulu ubukho Paris Academy. Ngenxa kuphuhliso yayo zitshintshile iindlela iinqanawa abasebenza yokukhanya nokukhanya.

amava Fresnel

diffraction Fresnel ngumzekelo pilot ebonisa ukuba ukukhanya iipropati amaza. Amava akhe yaqinisekisa imfundiso Huygens sezinto kunye wongezelela amava Jung T. ngenxa yophando lwakhe ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha ukuphazamiseka.

Phantsi diffraction lokukhanya ukuqonda impahla yakhe agobe ngeenxa nemiqobo ngelixa oluwe kummandla isithunzi. Fresnel kwenziwa amalinge kunye umqobo, apho ukukhanya kuboniswa kusukwa ibhola, kwaye sicatshulwa umqadi ngokusebenzisa noqhoqhoqho. Iziphumo zemisebenzi yabo yamachiza thaca "Memoirs of diffraction."

Ukongeza, amava kubonisa ubukho isenzeko sokuphamazisa yokukhanya kwindalo, izazinzulu basebenzisa isityalo, ebizwa ngokuba "Fresnel esipilini." Le fowuni iquka sheet ezimbini eJonga, leyo zicwangciswe kuthelekiswa omnye komnye kwi-engile kancinane ngaphantsi kwe-180 °. Ezi izibuko zinika ukukhanya kumthombo omnye, lokubonakala, ukudala nokuvakalisa ezimbini kunye umahluko kwisigaba esinye. Kulo mzekelo, ezinemiqadi ezimbini ezidibeneyo wamnika ezingama-alternating imivumbo ezimnyama kunye nokukhanya.

Isicelo obafunyanwa Fresnel

Ngoku ungabona ukusetyenziswa kwezi iziphumo amalinge,-nzulu French. Ngoko ke, isipili Fresnel isetyenziswa kuphuhliso izixhobo, lokwandisa amandla elanga. Umzekelo, uyilo hub leyo isicelo esi sixhobo uphazamiseko yohlukile ukufumana ixabiso elikhulu gelioenergii. Oku kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokufudumeza amanzi, omnye iiyunithi amandla kunye nezinye izicelo mveliso.

Enye ifowuni obekwa Isazinzulu French neyaziwa ngokuba Fresnel bemilo isetyenziswa kunyango strabismus. kuphuhliswa Okwangoku imodeli entsha elastic kule divaysi ipleyiti a eziphathekayo iiplastiki ngaphaya. Enye elicala babonelelwa yeraster prism, kunye nezinye egudileyo. Esi sixhobo ngqo izibuko, ngoko ke isetyenziswa naluphi na uhlobo strabismus.

Fresnel Diffraction asetyenziswe ekwakheni ekugxilwe kuzo izixhobo ezisebenzisa (yerediyo, omabonakude). Lo ukubhaqa yenye yezona isigqibo physics enombala, olusekelwe phezu izifundo ezininzi.