Elise Apho iingongoma kakhulu naseAsiya

Le ilizwekazi ngobukhulu planethi - Eurasia - Kuthatha ngaphezulu kancinane nje yesithathu indawo lilonke ilizwe malunga 54 ezigidi square metres. km. Kwaye Asia akhawunti ukuba inxalenye enkulu, malunga 4/5 kunye 1/5 - to Europe. Le ilizwekazi ngokwayo ise-Northern saseNtla, nangona inxalenye eziphathelele kwiziqithi mpumalanga ibekwe kwisiqingatha emazantsi umhlaba.

Eurasia uhlanganisa Europe kunye Asia - bobabini iindawo zehlabathi, umda phakathi kwabo kuxhomekeke kummandla Russia yi the phambene Mountains, kwicala elingasempuma kubo. Le lizwekazi - kuphela kwi planethi e, nto leyo uhlanjiweyo zonke elwandle: kumntla we-Arctic, i-Indiya nakwelasezantsi, esentshona kwe-Atlantic kunye Pacific empumalanga. Length yaseYurophu e ubude ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma - 16 ophosa, kwaye ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi - isiqingatha ukuba 8 ophosa.

amanqaku kakhulu Eurasia wasezantsi - ekapa Tanjung Piai, Northern - Cape Chelyuskin, ingongoma yasentshona - Cabo da Roca, kunye empuma - Cape Dezhnev.

Le nokuphuhliswa kwelizwekazi i kumaxesha amandulo ekuqaleni impucuko, abahlala e-Afrika, ngenjongo yokuseka ubudlelwane zorhwebo kunye nabantu abahlala ngasentla. Kamva, kwindawo ethile kwi BC ngenkulungwane III, oko kwasekwa indlela yokuqala urhwebo kweli lizwekazi, esenzeka phesheya kuMbindi Mpuma, eYurophu, China, India. Ngenxa yoko, kuphangwa uNorman wanceda ukuphuhlisa imimandla emitsha belizwekazi. Le ezifunyaniswe basic indawo zenziwa kule Age of Discovery. hambo Russian zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini wancedisa ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo imeko kwelizwekazi kunye ngoncedo nokulawula inkqubo. Oko ngeli xesha sele zichongiwe amanqaku kakhulu-Eurasia.

Kumantla kwilizwekazi yaseYurophu lingaphezu Arctic Circle ngaphambi kokuba afike North Pole malunga 10 ^0. Kwaba apha, ukususela Cape Chelyuskin (77 ° 34 's. M.), isendaweni Taimyr Peninsula, luphuma nezwe. Cape wavula esasihamba yobudoda Chelyuskin ngo-1741 ngethuba uhambo okuyo intlomo yasentla, leyo exhobele-inventri ye-yonxweme kumntla we-Taimyr Peninsula.

Cape Cheliuskin ngokwaneleyo ephakamileyo kwaye unamatye, wazigquma ikhephu ice kunye. Yiya izifundo zakhe ngo-1878 Tel Arctic N. Nordenskiold kwi imfumba yamatye ezakhiwe ngamaplanga lighthouse ezidadayo. Ngoku apha imiqondiso, engumqondiso eziphelweni zehlabathi: esibondeni somthi S. Chelyuskin, cairn, eyakhiwe isileyiti Iizilebhu R. Amundsen imbeko hambo N. Nordenskjold giant ngamatye zwi. Okwangoku, i-Cape wakha izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye zombukiso zophando. Isebenzisa station hydrometeorological polar "Cape Chelyuskin", apho ebusika ukuya ku 10. Ekuqaleni eNtshona ukuba ikhona, kwaye isikhululo seenqwelo-moya yomntla, nto leyo ngoku eseleyo helipad kuphela.

Ukubiza iingongoma kakhulu naseAsiya, kufuneka wathi nemisinga kancinane ngaphezu kwe-10 °, uza ikhweyitha wasezantsi, ngoko ke Tanjung Piai Cape - nomda loMzantsi (. 1 ° 56 'S lat) Cape ise-Malaysia, epakini yesizwe lizwe. Tanjung piai kweli nqanaba, ukucwangcisa zengqukuva -. umqondiso sisikhumbuzo kwincam esemazantsi kwilizwekazi.

YaseYurophu Uninzi ise kwinxalenye esempuma jikelele, ngoko ke amanqaku kakhulu empuma kulala kwi Cape Dezhneva (169 ° 64 'c. D.). Igama emva discoverer yayo, Cape Dezhnev wavula ngo-1648. Dezhnev wabhala ukuba ziyihlube zentaba, unyuka kakhulu phantsi kwaye egqubuthele nge "ngengubo" enkungwini, yabhabha phezu apho amafu eziqhutywa ukungena komoya.

Ke kaloku, elunxwemeni ezilulwalwa kukho umnqamlezo somthi lenkumbulo, ifakelwe imbeko oomatiloshe Russian kunyaka isikhumbuzo 350 baqubha Dezhnev hambo. Enye lesikhumbuzo ubonisa ikhonkco elinophawu Asia and Melika. Kufutshane iinqanawa koseko ephakamileyo simi lesikhumbuzo sesithathu - a Dezhnev bohlobo lobhedu, ngumntu ubuso evulekileyo kwaye eyindoda.

Uhide iingongoma kakhulu naseAsiya, kuthiwa yeyona yasentshona ilizwekazi - Cape Roca, ibekwe Portugal (38 ° 47 'W. d ..). I-Cape na oliliwa ezinde ngaphezu Atlantic Ocean leemitha 140. Zika ze kwinqanaba mpuma yezwe sele wazikrola tshe ngamatye. Yabeka osentabeni etsala abahambi abaninzi kangaka.