Far North. iimeko zendalo. Enezityalo nezilwanyana

Far North - icebiso inxalenye Northern elalisakuba yiSoviet Union, nto leyo kakhulu ise-Arctic. Iqela kwiindawo ezikude kuxhomekeke yokukhuthaza ukuba ndimiselwe co-operative, karhulumente kunye noluntu iinkampani kule ngingqi.

iimeko zendalo Far North

indawo komhlaba malunga 2.2 yezigidi ezikwere zeekhilomitha.

Iimpawu eziphambili:
- ukulingana radiation iphantsi;
- amaqondo obushushu avareji kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni elisondele ku-0 ° C (kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba komndilili weqondo lobushushu negative);
- yande permafrost kunye zomkhenkce ukuya ku-500 eemitha;
- kukho umaleko elincinane thawing onyaka (hayi ngaphezulu kwe asixhenxe neesentimitha).

Far North Russia ibandakanya imimandla zilandelayo: ihlathi-kumathafa, kumathafa, hlathi, yaye inxalenye entlango arctic. Phakathi kulo ilizwe, ngaphandle imilambo ezincinane, ibekwe imisele imilambo mikhulu - i-OB, Pyasina, Pechora, Yenisei, uLena, Khatanga, Indigirka Anabara, Yana kunye Kolyma. Phantse zonke kubo kufikelela zayo ezisezantsi flow ezihlanjeni ezibanzi. Khatanga, Yenisei kunye OB emlonyeni enza gulfs enkulu - "imilebe". Rivers waba negalelo elonakalisayo permafrost. Belwela ukuba ecaleni ntlambo, ngokuthe ngcembe utshabalalise indlela yabo. Ukongeza, kuba nefuthe elongameleyo kwimozulu yeendawo ezingqongileyo. Imiphumo amanzi omlambo elwandle ziyazibhaqekela kumgama ozikilometa amabini ukuya kwamathathu ukusuka emlonyeni, echaphazela ice kunye ulawulo andaweni ziilwandle. Kwiinyanga ezilithoba okanye elishumi ngumkhenkce lomlambo ngomnyaka, abanye - ukuya ezantsi. Kweli lizwekazi Zanyibilika ngoMeyi noJuni, yaye ngumkhenkce ngo-Oktobha. Kwiziqithi e Julayi - Septemba.

Kwisithuba mpumalanga emathafeni kunye nenani elikhulu amachibi simi phezu kwezinye ziqithi. Uninzi kunyaka bephantsi umkhenkce. Eli chibi likhulu Far North - Taimyr. Le ukwakweli usingasiqithi efanayo. Far North yahluka liphuhlise imihlaba arctic ukuba abe kufutshane indlela cala okanye asidi nje kancinane. iinkqubo iXesha ekuPhulukenwe nalo (okanye gleying) bengekho. Imihlaba emathafeni ngabona kwindawo emathafeni. Kumphezulu bavela i Far North yakha namadlelo ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe yaseWest Siberian and East European Plain: Kolyma, Yana-Indigirka, nezihlambo North Siberian. Kwezinye iindawo kukho iintaba. Eliphezulu kakhulu nebalulekileyo kuwo - kukho inxalenye esemntla uluhlu ezintabeni Verkhoyansk Byrranga malunga Taimyr elwandle kunye iintaba ze-Chukchi Peninsula. Ubume yezwe, iziqithi kunye shelf abakufutshane inxaxheba izakhiwo Paleozoic, Precambrian neetyuwa Mesozoic-Cenozoic, kwakunye ukuyilwa uhlobo ukubona zesakhiwo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana zonke Far North

Far North iyahluka enezityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukileyo. Noko ke, inkoliso abameli ibhekisela kubemi amanzi olwandle. Iifom Small - na kwizidalwa, leyo ukhonza ukutya izinto ezinkulu.

Izityalo ye Far North: nespruce, ezinde, alder, rowan, ezinde, nenomlanga, willow; aluhlaza, cloudberries, cranberries, iiblueberries, knyazhevika, Shiksha; malunga 55 iintlobo ze nomngundo; Globe, buttercups emthubi, unina-and-kaVan, edandelion, Ungayilibali-mna-emfusa Castillo, oluhlaza gentian mnyama, umqhaphu ingca, cyanosis; ngaphezu kwekhulu iintlobo ulele.

Zeziphi izilwanyana ezihlala Far North? Le adle, ingcuka, imivundla, impungutye, Wolverine, iielk, marten, ibhere, koka, lemminki; amarhanisi, ama, amadada, Snipes, wazo, Turuhana loon, Sandpiper, Intsingizi, dada ezincinane nenkqo, Red-loon, erne, nendwe, isiqingatha snipe, nesangxa, njengexhalanga, icula, merlin; kwizidalwa, worms, intlanzi, isilwanyana, intlanzi (i oluqhelekileyo - i Arctic cod), walruses.