Umanyolo isichumiso - ntoni na? Igama lodidi, sebenzisa

Kunye nitrogen, iphosphate, potassium - into ebalulekileyo ukuze nasiphi na isityalo eluhlaza, ingakumbi xa kufikwa iziqhamo. Namhlanje siya kuzama ukukuxelela malunga potassium isichumiso: uyintoni na, ukuba isicelo yaye yintoni na iziphumo ngayo. Ukongeza, siye ukwahlula iintlobo eziphambili apho le kungabotshwa ifumaneka kwi store ezishelifini.

plant Kutheni umanyolo

Amaninzi begadi feed up isayithi yakho engumgquba (umgquba kwindawo yokuqala). Le ikwadala olukhulu, kodwa kufuneka ungalibali imfuno kwezimbiwa emhlabeni. bias Apha zandile. Ukusebenzisa urea kunye neminye imithombo initrogen, kodwa bayalibala malunga potassium isichumiso ibalulekileyo. Yintoni na kwaye yintoni na? Okokuqala zonke izinto ezifana zisingathwa ukuba emanzini-enyibilikayo yaye zibaluleke kakhulu izityalo zikhula kwi ezahlukeneyo kwimihlaba. Bangenza kwaye kufuneka benze neendawo ngodongwe enzima, kunye chernozem kwaye kumhlaba oyintlabathi. Potassium kuyimfuneko izityalo, kuba inceda intshukumo iswekile emzimbeni. Kwelinye icala, oko ivumela izityalo ukuba adle ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kwelinye icala - inika ukuyilwa iswekile sisiqhamo apha esimnadi. Nayiphi mhlaba uza kukuxelela ukuba enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo kakhulu potassium isichumiso. Yintoni na kwaye zeziphi iintlobo zokubopha, siya kuqwalasela njengenxalenye amanqaku yethu. Kuyinto ngenxa ukuqaliswa kwangethuba umhlaba, siya kwandisa ngokubonakalayo isityalo ukumelana zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, iqabaka kunye nembalela.

Iimpawu potassium intswelo

Ngoko ke siye sagqiba ukuba kufuneka ngokuyimfuneko ukuze enze kwipotasi lomhlaba. "Yinto ntoni?" - kubuza nsimu basandula kuqalisa ukuzisebenzisa. Oku kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi, kodwa ngoku makhe sithethe oko kwabangela isidingo esinjalo. Njengoko abalimi baqinisekiswa, yinto ezimbiwa kubalulekile, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubela phambili epheleleyo kwezityalo. Noko ke, kubonakala ukungabikho ngoko nangoko. Phakathi sexesha lokukhula oko kunokubonwa ukuba isizwe ehle oluhlaza kunye ngokunyamalala jikelele. Ukuba potassium okubangelwa kuba kubi ngakumbi, kubonakala amabala brown. Ukuba potassium lo mhlaba, kodwa izixa enganelanga, izityalo okwentyatyambo kakhulu rhoqo nemvelo, kwaye ngoko siya kuba neziqhamo ezincinane.

Eyona engundoqo Iintlobo isichumiso

Nangona ukwahluka kula izichumisi bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amakhulu amathathu.

Yaziwa kakhulu kwezolimo - liziphose yakho usebenzisa processing serial of potash ekrwada. Le chloride kunye potassium sulfate, potassium-nemagnesium mxube, nemagnesium potassium sulphate.

Owesibini iqela elikhulu - le potash ekrwada, okt ukusilwa potassium ore yendalo. Le kainite kwaye izityebi sylvinite ubumdaka yeKhlorini enetyhefu.

Ekugqibeleni, iqela lesithathu - eli potassium iityuwa, leyo zilungiselelwa ngokuxuba ekrwada kunye neetyuwa potassium wamandla.

Indlela ukufumana kwipotasi

Ukuveliswa izichumisi umanyolo yenziwa e Canada, eRussia Belarus. Kuyinto kula mazwe yi-85% yesibambiso yehlabathi of potash ekrwada. Babesomba le ekrwada ngendlela efanayo namalahle. Development ivuliwe (career) kunye nohlobo evaliweyo, xa luncedo ukuya kungena zam. Iveliswe izinto ekrwada engena ukuveliswa, apho Utyunyuziwe kwaye ufake kwi uhlobo sokugqibela apho kuyo sele uyazi umboleki.

iinkuni ash

Makhe sizame ukuchonga mithombo iphambili ezinjalo izinto eziluncedo ezifana potassium isichumiso. Yintoni na, siye ezichazwe ngokufutshane, kodwa ndiya kubuyela kulo mba kule khosi webali.

Enyanisweni, potassium iyafuneka emyezweni ngemadlana nje engephi, ngoko uhlobo yayo enyulu umhlaba phantse ungawenzi. Noko ke, kukho umthombo obalaseleyo yale izimbiwa yinto ash iinkuni eqhelekileyo. Le izinto enemisebenzi, ezifikelelekayo nibe ngokupheleleyo ekrwada lufumaneka ngokuyitshisa iinkuni. Ngaphandle potassium, kuba iqulathe phosphorus encinane kunye calcium, kwakunye nezinye izinto umkhondo abaninzi. Ipesenti Umxholo ka-potassium kuxhomekeke iintlobo beenkuni parameter combusted ukususela ngowe-7 ukuya kuma-40%. Isichumiso kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka ibe kwimihlaba emuncu. Ngaloo ikilogram ash ngokulula indawo 500 g kwekalika okanye wokulinganisa. Iza kuba luncedo kubo bonke yezityalo zasePilippi, kodwa ukuba eli isichumiso unayo kancinane, ngoko kuqala kwiinto zonke kuyimfuneko ukuba abele ngenxa cucumber squash, amathanga kunye neetamati, iipepile neetapile.

potassium chloride

Xa uqala - akafanelekanga ngokupheleleyo ngenxa ukutyebisa izityalo kweziyobisi. Kumafa yayo iqulethe malunga ne-60% potassium luncedo kunye yeKhlorini ukungcola, ayityhefu kakhulu kwaye iyingozi izityalo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna Akothusi ukufumanisa umhlaba kunye potassium kwaye Isandla nto, umlimi kufuneka enze kwangaphambili. Fruit kunye berry izityalo ungenako ukubathwala chlorine, nangona uninzi amaqunube zikhawulelane potassium yesichumiso.

Ngokufanayo, omnye potassium netyuwa. Iqulethe 30-40% potassium kunye Selwyn. Kucetyiswa ukuba wenze nje phambi kokuba ebusika, nje phambi kokuba ukumba. Nangona kunjalo, a ukunxiba izichumiso umanyolo elinjalo embi izityalo berry ziyivela kakhulu ezingcolisa ezinetyhefu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, yenza potassium ityuwa ebhedini intyatyambo ekhoyo ayikhuthazwa.

potassium sulfate

Saziwa phantsi igama potassium sulfate. izichumiso umanyolo badla ngokungekho ulibele yi begadi, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwazo nasendleleni unako ukuphucula kakhulu umgangatho lokuvuna. Apho sulphate potassium nguye kakhulu kwindawo yakho ipoma. Kuzo zonke potash kuphela ayiqulathanga ubumdaka yeKhlorini olonakalisayo, sodium nezinki. It linokusetyenziswa umhlaba ekwindla nasentlakohlaza, xa kuvunyelwa lokuzimanya kunye nayiphi na enye isichumiso. Nangona kunjalo, imali kuya kufuneka ukuba ibalwe ngokwahlukileyo ixesha ngalinye. Kuba ukumba esisiseko intshayelelo ingathatha 30 g nganye-1 m ^2, kwaye ukuba potassium sulphate asetyenziselwa ukondla ingcambu, imali kufuneka incitshiswe ku-5 g m ^{2 nganye.}

Ipotaziyam sulphate - njengesichumisi ukuthi ilungele kwindawo evulekileyo kunye ezivaliweyo. Emva ukusebenzisa kwakhe rhoqo horticulturists bathi iziqhamo wayekhulile, imifuno kunye amaqunube linyuke kakhulu okuqulethwe iswekile kunye neevithamini. Kulo mzekelo, izityalo ngaphantsi zithandwa zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, izihlandlo eziliqela kunciphise ipesenti ngokutshatyalaliswa ndigqibile iimveliso botrytis.

ukhuseleko ebusika

Kukho enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo, echaza imfuneko yokusetyenziswa isichumiso kummandla igadi. Inika ityholwana ongatshiyo nempumelelo zasebusika. Oko kukuthi, ndigalele umgquba ekwindla yezilimo zawo iziqhamo kunye namaqunube, unokuqiniseka ukuba baya kusinda kubanda kakhulu kakhulu. Ingakumbi wayethanda potassium sulfate abameli cruciferous. Baya kakubi basabela njani chlorine, nto leyo eyinxalenye yokuvundisa potash ezidweliswe ngasentla, ukuze ukuba kuphela ukhetho ungaphila ngalo ikhaphetshu, theniphu kunye radish.

omanyolo Complex

Kule mithombo ezicocekileyo potassium phantse yinja. Ngoku makhe sikhangele kwizakhiwo ezininzi ezithandwayo, ezibandakanya potassium. Kwaye ke kuqala kwi-ajenda potassium eyenzelwe abantu kunye nitrogen. Ngokutsho kubalimi, oko intlanganisela ogqibeleleyo ezininzi izityalo egadini. abantu bakhe abaninzi bazi phantsi igama potassium Nitrate. Isicelo liqinisekisa izivuno eziphezulu egadini kwayo. Kwaye oku kuza luncedo ngexesha ehlotyeni. Le complex - potassium (44%), ne-nitrogen (13%). Le Umxube ingasetyenziswa nasemva kokuba isityalo sele iyatyayamba na, yaye kwasekwa yaliqhina. Ngoko ke imali encinane-nitrogen omeleze isiko kodwa hayi ukhule of mass eluhlaza. Oko kukuthi, isityalo kuya kuqhubeka ukuze baphumeze umsebenzi wabo wokuqala, okt. E. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-iziqhamo, kunokuba kwakhiwe amatyholo aluhlaza. Indima ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo ukudlala ngeli xesha, kunye potassium. Yaqaliswa kweli nqanaba, uya kububeka isiseko izityalo elizayo kunye neziqhamo kunye amaqunube kuya kukunceda ukufumana Ubumandi ebalaseleyo.

Kuba abathile yezityalo zasePilippi kusetyenziswa potassium nitrate? Ukusebenzisa ukuba iqondo elikhulu lilungisa izityalo ukondla ingcambu (iminqathe kunye beetroot) kunye nezityalo iziqhamo. Basabela kakuhle kule isichumiso kunye neetamati. Ngokuphawulekayo iphucula kuphela ubuninzi kodwa umgangatho leziqhamo, imikhulu, kunye nenyama - iswekile. Kodwa ke iitapile oko akuyi kuba baphumelele kangaka, ngenxa yokuba kuye kubaluleke ngaphezu phosphorus. Kwenza nantsingiselo ukwenza saltpeter ngenxa amagqabi, isithombo nekhaphetshu.

Oku ukwenza isichumiso ekwimo ezomileyo kunye ulwelo. Nangona kunjalo, lo isisombululo uya kusebenza ngokukhawuleza, kucetyiswa ukuba ukunyibilika 15-25 grams nganye 10 litre yamanzi ndigalele umgquba umhlaba ngesantya welitha 1 m ^{2 nganye.} Ngexesha lasehlotyeni kufuneka wenze ubuncinane ezimbini kodwa akukho nezichumiso ngaphezulu kwe ezine umanyolo. Ekubeni lokondla yokugqibela phambi kokuba nokuphakamisa isityalo kufuneka iiveki ubuncinane 3-4.

Potassium-wemagniziyam

Oku kokona kutya iyanxiba kumafama zamazambane. Njengenxalenye yale potassium isichumiso ezidibeneyo wemagniziyam. Le ixabiso yayo ephambili, njengoko kwixesha lokukhula esebenzayo zezityalo abadinga kwezi zinto zimbini liphezulu kakhulu. Ngelo xesha anelise ngokwazisa imveliso zomgquba, ngokufuthi lutshitshe. Oko kukuthi, ngethiyori, umgquba, wamatye okanye umgquba kufuneka anikezele ngokupheleleyo isityalo kunye nazo zonke izinto eziyimfuneko. Kodwa ke, njengokuba kusenziwa imiboniso, xa umlinganiselo zabo ezingezo-ngokugqwesileyo potassium kunye nezinye izondlo.

nitrophoska

izichumisi nitrogen-potassium - oku ukhetho ogqibeleleyo umhlaba kunye agqithisile phosphorus. Yeyona ndlela ogqibeleleyo ukuba ngendleko ephantsi, ngokukhawuleza ukufumana isivuno enkulu yezityalo zasePilippi. Ngenxa ukuqalisa kwangethuba isichumiso kwenzeka eneentyatyambo, uphuhliso, ukubunjwa kunye ekukhuleni neziqhamo. Kulo mzekelo, ukusuka umlimi akuyomfuneko ukuthenga imixube ezintsonkothileyo yaye kubize. Nitrophosphate angasebenzisa naziphi izityalo zokwenza izitiya, kodwa imali ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo emhlabeni kwaye zondla izityalo.

NPK

Siye zidweliswe phantse yonke umanyolo kwesichumiso enkulu. Amagama abo ke kakuhle aziwa oomatshini kwezolimo, nto leyo akunjalo balimi abasaqalayo. Okokuqala siye saxubusha oko ke iinketho ze iMono-ukondla (potassium ngohlobo olunyulu). Noko ke, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba izityalo xa befika nje iseti kwezimbiwa kuyimfuneko. Ngoko ke sinikele ingqalelo nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium isichumiso. Abafumana intswelo kwi ubuncinane enye yezi zinto; akayi kuba kuhle isityalo ukuze athwale isiqhamo. Ngoko ke, ukuba oko isixhobo sakho kuyimfuneko ukuba wonke umlimi. Njengenxalenye yale isichumiso esimbaxa iqulethe-17% nitrogen,-24% phosphorous ne-28% potassium. isicelo sayo kuluncedo kakhulu ukuba zonke iintlobo yezityalo zasePilippi. nomphumela Ingakumbi ezilungileyo nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium isichumiso kwi iitumato. Abaqiniseki abagulayo injaduko, iingcambu isiqu nokubola, Phytophthora. Babezalusa akukho ngaphezu kabini ngexesha lonke ixesha. Enye fan enkulu yale isichumiso - iidiliya. Le ohlala lasemzantsi kakhulu nokunyamezeleka kuzisa ebusika kumbindi eRashiya, ukuba usoloko ufumana avale enjalo. Faka sichumisi yimpumelelo enkulu phantse na emhlabeni. Noko ke, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba ukubonisa ayithululela emhlabeni abamnyama kunye alumina.

Ngamafuphi

Ngaloo ndlela, sinokugqiba ukuba aqhamise izimbiwa - yenye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ngexesha leeholide zasehlotyeni. Kuyinto ngenxa isixa kangangoko potassium emhlabeni, wandise ngokubonakalayo imveliso, ukukhusela inkcubeko nezifo yintsholongwane, kwakunye ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kakuhle imithi yeziqhamo kunye namatyholo ebusika abanda kakhulu. Nakuba kunjalo, isicelo intle into kuchaphazela umgangatho iziqhamo. Imali ngokupheleleyo eli izimbiwa inika iziqhamo enkulu, amnandi kwaye emnandi agcinwe ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye sifo ukubola. Kodwa kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukudibanisa isichumiso kunye nabanye. complex Ideal kuthathwa ukuba kathathu - phosphorus, potassium kunye nitrogen. Le trio omangalisayo aya kujika isayithi yakho ibe ngumyezo ngokwenene imisebenzi.