Dzhon Glenn: usapho, umfazi, photo, ubude flight

Dzhon Glenn (ifoto ethathiweyo kamva kweli nqaku) - i-American wokuqala lowo orbited zomhlaba, wangena okwesibini kwimbali, xa wayeneminyaka 77 ubudala waba ngumntu omdala ababeze isithuba. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba usomajukujuku yathatyathwa iqhawe lesizwe, ngokuphindaphindiweyo esichengeni ubomi bakhe ngenxa ilizwe lakhe.

biography

Dzhon Gershel Glenn, Omnci wazalwa ngomhla 18/07/1921 e Cambridge, eOhio, unyana kaYohane kunye Teresa sprout Glenn. Ukudlala emculweni esikolweni, wadibana Anna Margaret kukaCastor, apho kamva enxibelelene Isiphelo sakhe. Emva kokushiya isikolo wafunda kwi-College of Muskingum, apho wafumana Bachelor of Engineering. Emva kokuba kuhlaselwa Japanese kwi Pearl Harbor, Glenn waba ngodaba aviauchilischa Navy. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II uye wenza 59 nokuhlasela.

ke Glenn waba ngumhlohli kuqeqesho moya phambili e Corpus Christi, eTexas. Wenza 90 iihambo e Korea, wadubula phantsi MiGs ezintathu kule mihla yokugqibela ezisithoba yokulwa.

Emva koko, Dzhon Glenn baphumelela Uvavanyo Pilot School e-Centre of iimvavanyo US Navy, waza waqhubeka ekhonza njengegosa kwi inani lweprojekthi moya. Iminyaka emibini enesiqingatha, waya kwiiklasi kwiYunivesithi Maryland, lo gama basebenza kwisebe ze-Ofisi Aeronautics ukulwa i-US Navy, owandulela lo Bureau of yomkhosi wamanzi Izixhobo.

NgoJulayi 1957, uYohane irekhodi isantya 3 h 23 min moya eLos Angeles ukuya e-New York. Loo moya yokuqala kwilizwe lonke ngesilinganiso elingaphezulu isantya nesandi.

amaxesha Usomajukujuku Dzhon Glenn 6 yanikwa Umnqamlezo "Kuba iinkonzo moya" kunye nenani ezinye iimbasa zomkhosi. Yena nenkosikazi yakhe banabantwana ababini.

"Mercury 7" squad

Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1959, Glenn wonyulwa ilungu le projekthi "Mercury 7". Waba yinxalenye kwecala oosomajukujuku yokuqala yaba yogcino wokuqala baseMerika ababini zivele zathi tshe emajukujukwini, Alan ndingumhambi kunye Virgil "UGus" Griess.

Nangona United States inxaxheba kolu gqatso isithuba kunye eSoviet Union. KaYuri Gagarin, April 12, 1961 ingaba uqala emajukujukwini, eshiya ngasemva Alan ndingumhambi ngaphantsi ngenyanga. Kwakhona waba ngowokuqala abaye batyelela Earth orbit kwaye wenza utshintsho mpela malunga uMhlaba.

Dzhon Glenn: 1962 indiza wembali

February 20, 1962, eUnited States baye babonisa ukuba umlinganiswa efanayo naleyo okhuphisana nawo. Xa vaakelani va lwangaphambili kunye Griess ndingumhambi inqanawa yabo zange ukwenza utshintsho mpela malunga Umhlaba - nto yenziwe Dzhon Glenn. Ubude ukubaleka iiyure ezi-5. Ababekhwele kweso philisi ngayo orbited Umhlaba izihlandlo ezithathu, kuphephetheka ngesantya elingaphezulu 27.350 km / h, ubude ubuninzi km 260.

Kodwa uhambo lwakhe wayengekho ngaphandle iingozi. Emva kumjikelo wokuqala ingxaki ngoomatshini kunye nenkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo ezifunwa yi-John ulawulo manual-moya. Abenzi boluvo nabo baye babonisa ukuba ikhaka uvukelwa kwafuneka sizikhusele oosomajukujuku amaqondo obushushu ezibulalayo iveliswe xa engena umoya, ebengekho. Ukuba uzikhusele ngokwakho nangona abuyele Earth, Glenn wabamba iphakheji a basafunda brake. Ukuphononongwa kwakhona kweenkqubo yolawulo iye yabonisa ukuba salathisi inesiphene. Ikhaka kulungile, kodwa zingafanelekanga ngokungathandabuzekiyo buhlungu.

umsebenzi wezopolitiko

Dzhon Glenn umhlala ukusuka Marine Corps ngo-1965 elikwisikhundla kwe sikhulu. Iminyaka elishumi yena wayesebenza njengomphathi weshishini. Ngowe-1974 yena wanyulelwa US Yeengwevu. A Democrat evela eOhio, umkhankaso ngamandla ngenxa mali inzululwazi, imfundo kunye nokuhlola emajukujukwini. Ngowe-1984 wenza i komzamo ongaphumelelanga yolonyulo kamongameli ye-Democratic Party. Senator Glenn wahlala de-1999.

Ngexesha lolawulo yakhe iNdlu yeeNgwevu, yena umbhali oyintloko loMthetho kwi Non-Proliferation of Izixhobo Nuclear-1978, yaba usihlalo weKomiti leMicimbi kuRhulumente ukususela 1987 ukuya kowe-1995, bathatha inxaxheba kwiikomiti kwi wezangaphandle kunye imikhosi exhobileyo kunye neKomiti eKhethekileyo on Ageing.

Lo moya yesibini

Nangona yakhe ngeminyaka, Dzhon Glenn akenzanga kude kunye nenkqubo isithuba. October 29, 1998, ngoxa owayelilungu leNdlu yeeNgwevu, uye waphinda wenza imbali, zibhabha phezu kwisiphekepheke "ukuFumaneka kweFidi", ukuze sibe umhambi endala isithuba. Lo moya yathatha iintsuku ezisithoba. Glenn wayesebenza oyingcali payload, kwaye bathatha inxaxheba amalinge, ebekumele ukuba ukujonga indlela umzimba wakhe oneminyaka eli-77 ubudala ukumelana weightlessness. Inqanawa kwakhona orbited satellite SPARTAN eyenzelwe ukufunda umoya solar, kunye nezixhobo isondlo Array "Hubble" ezayo. Ngexesha esemoyeni kwisiphekepheke orbited amaxesha Umhlaba 134, edlula km yezigidi 5.8 ngeeyure 213 kunye nemizuzu 44.

Glenn bathatha inxaxheba mission ngemini-ezisithoba yagxekwa yinxalenye yoluntu isithuba nje inkonzo yezopolitiko ezibonelelwa Glenn nguMongameli Clinton. Noko ke, ukuphapha usomajukujuku wanikela nolwazi ezixabisekileyo kwimisebenzi zophando weightlessness kunye neminye imiba vaakelani va kwi umntu omnye kwiindawo ezimbini ebomini bakhe, ezahlulwe engama-36, ukuba namhlanje lekhefu mde phakathi moya isithuba somntu omnye. Inxaxheba Glenn kungenzeka ukufumana ulwazi malunga neziphumo weightlessness kwi ukubhabha kunye nabantu abadala. Nje phambi kokuqala, abaphandi baye bafunda ukuba wasuswa ukusuka kwenye yemifuniselo ezimbini eziphambili (malunga melatonin), kuba akukho nto ukuhlangabezana enye iimeko zonyango. Ke kaloku uYohane wathatha inxaxheba kwamanye amalinge ezimbini, ukubekwa kweliso ebuthongweni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwiproteni.

Ngo-2012, Glenn wafumana kaMongameli Molteno yeNkululeko. Kwakhona inxaxheba emidala kwisiphekepheke, nangona ebaluleke kakhulu nokuzaliswa kwale program, ezikhokelela ukulibaziseka izifundo.

Nangona moya yesibini emajukujukwini Glenn ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka ekuqaleni, bobabini babe nembali, namagqiza irekhodi. Noko ke, inkoliso yabantu baseMerika uya kusoloko kumkhumbula wokuqala American abeza Earth orbit.

Dzhon Glenn: Family

Glenn kunye noAnnie kukaCastor wadibana - ngokoqobo - kule playpen. The New Concord, eOhio, abazali babo abahlobo. Xa usapho beza kunye, abantwana bedlala.

John - ikamva Navy fighter pilot, ikamva ACE kunye wendiza, usomajukujuku elizayo - ukusuka kanye ekuqaleni kwaba Ingxenye. Ekugqibeleni, lo gama waba okufunwa kakhulu-emva eyindoda US uhlanga isithuba, kodwa oko kuthethwa ukuba uYohane Glenn oselula eNew Concord?

Annie kukaCastor kamnandi, ukukhathalela, abanetalente umoya, ukuphana. Kodwa ukutshela c ubunzima obukhulu. abanale lakhe namandla kangangokuba iye ichongwe-85 ekhulwini nokukhubazeka njengoko 85% yexesha wayengakwazi khuluma lizwi.

Xa kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, yena uzama ukufunda umbongo kuyo ehlekisayo. Annie ayikwazanga ukuthetha ifowuni. Akakwazi ukuthetha nabahlobo bakho.

Kwaye Dzhon Glenn omthandayo.

Umfazi a pilot zomkhosi

Ngenxa esengumfana, waqonda ukuba abantu akazange aqonde kuye ngenxa abanale, waphuthelwa ithuba lokufunda intombi obunqabileyo emangalisayo.

Zendela ngoAprili 6, 1943 Njengoko ngumfazi emkhosini, wafumanisa ukuba ubomi ihamba elizweni kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Isebe yena Badinga kwezitulo ezingaqhelekanga, ezama ukufumana isebe ekunene, hayi isibindi ukubuza umntu uncedo. Xa iteksi kwakufuneka babhale umqhubi, ngenxa yokuba akwazi ukulibiza oya kuyo ngokuvakalayo. Xa iivenkile zokutyela, nje libhekisela izinto kwi menu.

A imvumi ocoliweyo, Annie kuzo zonke iinqila, apho wasikwa uYohane, wayedlala umbutho ibandla ukwenza abahlobo abatsha. Wayesoyika ukusebenzisa ifowuni xa besithi "molo" kwakunzima kakhulu. Annie nge ngummangaliso ngeso imeko apho kuya kufuneka ukuba kubiza ugqirha. ingaba uza ukuchola amazwi ndibalisa le ntlekele?

Kuba pack of gum

Glenn, njengokuba umqhubi zaselwandle, ukuba enze njalo lamaphulo yokulwa ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II nasebudeni yaseKorea kweMfazwe, ixesha ngalinye esithi ndlela-ntle ngendlela efanayo. "Mna nje ipasela gum evenkileni kwimbombo," - wathi Dzhon Glenn. Umfazi wayiphendula: "Kanye nje ixesha elifutshane."

NgoFebruwari 1962, xa ihlabathi lonke, ngomoya bated, silindele ukuqala "Atas" imijukujelwa kunye Glenn ebhodini, esi sibini Ubhabhayisile ngokunjalo. Kwaye ngo-1998, xa eneminyaka engama-77 ubudala wabuyela isithuba bekhwele kwisiphekepheke "Discovery". Lawo izikhathi langoku. Kuthekani ukuba kukho into ethile enokwenzeka, kwaye nobomi babo kunye kufika esiphelweni?

Wayesazi into abeya kuyithetha kuye ngaphambi kokukhwela kwinqwelo nesiphekepheke. Ngoko ke, wamnika eli xesha kwakhe isipho - ipakethi seentsini. Yena walinxiba esesifubeni kufuphi entliziyweni, kwada kwakho uYohane weza ekhaya.

umlingo

amaxesha amaninzi ebomini bam Annie wayezama ukunyanga manghanghamela. Akukho namnye unako ukumnceda. Kodwa ngo-1973 e-Virginia, wafumana ugqirha zazide inkqubo ebanzi, apho, njengokuba yena uYohane wayenethemba lokuba uza kumnceda. Annie waya khona. Ummangaliso, ogama ngumfazi lonke ixesha kulindeleke ekugqibeleni yenzeka. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-53 ubudala ngexesha lokuqala yena wathetha nto, ngokukhawuleza, Ungqabhuko ezimfutshane buhlungu, kwaye ukuveza ngokucacileyo iingcinga zabo.

UYohane weva njengoko ngokuzithemba ngokucacileyo ithi, wawa ngamadolo ukuze uphakamise umthandazo lombulelo. Ukususela ngoko, uye wabonakala rhoqo iintetho zoluntu yaye usoloko avuke abayakuthetha amagama ambalwa iziganeko ezibandakanya Glenn.

Ke kaloku kamsinya nje yena ethatha emgangathweni, kuyimfuneko ukuze akhangele amehlo yendoda yakhe.