Cupid: iimpawu emlanjeni korhulumente kunye neempawu

Uhlobo wamanzi indlela Amur River liyayivumela ukuba eninzi nemingenela ezinkulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo Zeyu, Bureya, Sungari Anuy, kunye Ussury Amgun.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele le nto zilandelayo: esele mpikiswano iyaqhutywa kwiminyaka embalwa ukuba Zeya isebe Amur okanye hayi. Ngenxa imifanekiso isithuba, izazinzulu bakwazi qondile ukuba kwezinye iindawo ezininzi Zeya ezinzulu, kwaye, ngaphezu koko, kuba banzi kakhulu kuninzi Amur River. River uncuma kwiimeko ezinjalo ukuxoxwa ingenkcukacha, ekubeni obo bungqina bubungqina esaneleyo imvume naziphi na iinguqulelo.

igama

Hydronym inxulumene kwiilwimi Tungus. Iguqulwe kwi igama lokuqala lithetha "umlambo omkhulu." E China, ukuhamba kwamanzi ubizwa ngokuba 'umlambo black "okanye" umlambo dragon emnyama. " Ngokutsho legend yamandulo, wayehlala ezantsi kwe dragon elungileyo kanye boyisiwe ububi, rhoqo ngokuhlasela babengabalobi. Winner wahlala kulo la manzi, phakathi Amur kunye neendawo yamaYuda. Leyo yindlela kwimijelo yamanzi ifumene igama enjalo umdla.

Cupid (ulawulo lomlambo, sinokuthi, ngandlel 'ithile enxulumene kunye igama lakhe) uphela ngomhla kummandla eMongolia Dauria. Uthatha indawo ezimbalwa Russian enye Chinese. In weentaba ekuqaleni nemingenela eziphambili.

I Mongols kusetyenziselwa ukubiza cupid "umlambo abamnyama ngokubanzi." - mazwi "amanzi amnyama".

geography

Amur isitya ise kwimpuma Asia. Umlambo ngexesha elifanayo kwiindawo ezine: ehlathini, emathafeni, emathafeni kunye nezo zibuntlangorha. Umbilo buninzi ke, inani labo kulo mmandla amanzi yahluka ukusuka milimitha 300 ukuya 750.

Umthombo komlambo imi kudibana Shilka kunye Argun. Ubude lilonke ngasemfuleni yi 2824 km. Ngoku, kukho iimbambano malunga ulwandle bobabo ukuya Amur ichweba. TSB ubanga ukuba eJapan International lokuhlola amanzi Organization uthi ngakuLwandle Okhotsk.

Amur River (umlambo kakhulu ezahlukeneyo yonke) phakathi eRashiya, ne-Peoples Republic of China kunye Mongolia. I-RF umlambo zolwelo yohlulwe yinxalenye eSiberia kunye Far Eastern. Kule zone nye indawo ngokuqhelekileyo ingxolo zibe eliphezulu, phakathi kunye nemisinga asezantsi.

umfula zamanzi

Phakathi kwezinye izinto imifula Russian Federation Amur ubhedu yesine. Ehlabathini - leleshumi. zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi yahluka ukusuka-9 ukuya kowe-11 amawaka. ^M3.

Valley umlambo zolwelo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: ephakathi, ezisezantsi Amur eliphezulu. ulawulo lomlambo ngamnye kubo iyahluka. Umzekelo, izinga lokuhamba yahluka ukusuka 4 km / h kunye 5.5 km / h.

Olona phawu ephambili Amur kukuba inqanaba lamanzi kuyo ngenxa zemvula (80% bamanzi) lisingisa kumanqanaba ezibalulekileyo. Xa iindawo oluphakathi kunye ophezulu intlokoma yi-12 m, emazantsi - 8 m Ngexesha rhoqo imvula okanye enzima iimvula ukuchitheka ubambe ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini baze bafikelele ububanzi km 20.. Ngenxa ukwakhiwa izityalo lombane kwezinye nemingenela ukuhla yehla kakhulu, izikhukula ziye lwepaki.

Ichthyofauna

Water Amur River indlela ikuvumela ukuba ezinabantu "zinabantu". Kuyinto likhaya leentlobo phantse 140 kunye zenyathi yeentlanzi. Ngokorhwebo ebalulekileyo phakathi kwabo malunga 40. Lo mfula zolwelo rhoqo abameli Chinese Ichthyofauna (zeCARP, zeCARP, Auha, skygazer) namaNdiya (Rotan, snakehead). Ukulungela ukusebenza bekhula kula manzi, ifikelela phantse 5 m ubude. Sturgeon Amur and Sakhalin badla ndiyithandile babengabalobi. Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo, ifumaneka apha 9 abameli ezahlukeneyo salmonids. amachibi ukulungela ikho Auha, whitefish, snakehead, kunye nabanye.

umbuso Water

Amur uthatha indawo yokuqala phakathi yonke Far Eastern imilambo umxholo yamanzi. amanzi High emlanjeni obuthathaka, izikhukhula inqanaba eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Njengoko umthetho, ehlotyeni eninzi kubo, yaye le nto afune izikhukula. Le ulawulo amanzi Amur lomlambo kunye ukuxhomekeka kwimozulu okwekat 'emhlophe ehlungwini. Imvula ngaphezulu ziya kuwa, ukwanda ngakumbi amathuba okuba zizikhukula. Phantse yonke indawo umlambo kubekwe kwindawo zemvula kwemozulu (okanye mandithi, xa lobeko yayo emantla). Oku kucacisa into yokuba ehlotyeni nasebusika esilawulwa yimimoya ebandayo. Kudibana Shilka kunye Argun, okt umthombo lomlambo, ngokufuthi nguloyo mass yasentshona.

I-flow yonyaka uxhomekeke kakhulu kwi kulawulo kwamanzi. Umzekelo, ikhondo eliphezulu unalo yokusebenza eliphezulu, ngoxa asezantsi nalawo aphakathi abe isiqulatho amanzi lifinyele. Style Photo Amur uwahlule ube zahlulo ezine: kumanqanaba asezantsi, alungise, phezulu nezisezantsi. Phantse zonke kubo yohlobo olufanayo ukuhamba, umahluko ubuxoki kuphela ukutya kunye nemozulu. Ngokusisiseko, lo mfula wondla mvula (emvula) amanzi. Snow isondlo sibalulekile kuphela kwezo meko xa ubusika iwela imvula eyaneleyo.

Ngenxa evumayo iimpawu umlambo lisetyenziswa kwinkalo yezoqoqosho: ukuloba, ugesi, ukuqabela, ezolonwabo. Omlambo i-Amur kufuneka urhulumente amanzi efanayo njengoko nomlambo. umahluko Minor therebetween.

glaciation

Yintoni indlela Amur River: emkhenkceni okanye le echibini? Lo mbuzo kufuneka iphendulwe kule affirmative. Ngenxa lobushushu ephantsi (eyiveza ifikelela -40 degrees ukuya Umntla nomzantsi -15) uninzi ukuhamba kwamanzi ligutyungelwe ngumkhenkce. Le inshorensi kuyaqala ukuya emva malunga 8 kweenyanga glaciation.

Umthombo le Amur ikhephu phantse khona, nokuba uwe, ngoko kukugubungela ukuphakama ayidluli-10 cm. Inani lilonke ukunyuka kwezulu yonyaka ukuba esa ecaleni lasentshonalanga ukuya ngasempuma. Xa esezantsi kuyo inshorensi ikhephu kakhulu ngakumbi yobufutshane efikelela phantse-50 cm, maxa wambi eli nani likhula.