Imposiso injini: khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo, izizathu. Indlela ukuba asete impazamo injini?

Mhlawumbi zonke umnini imoto nge injini amafutha-lesitofu bejamelene iimpazamo ezahlukileyo kumsebenzi le yunithi. Ngale yazisa umqondiso efanelekileyo ishwangusha kwideshbhodi - "fault injini". kwaoko Abantu abaninzi baye kwisikhululo inkonzo uxilongo, ngoxa abanye baya kungena kule ngxaki. Kodwa iqela lesithathu labantu ngokuqinisekileyo abanomdla unobangela kwaye ukususa neekhowudi.

ECU ezimotweni

Imisebenzi uthe inxalenye engabonakaliyo, kodwa le yunithi iqala ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umqhubi ivuliwe injini. Kwezinye parameters iimodeli imoto ulawulo-elektroniki emva ukulisa imoto.

ikhompyutha nganye kwi nasiphi na isithuthi mayixhotyiswe umlawuli okhethekileyo, nto leyo xa efumanise lweempazamo ezahlukeneyo ephendula Isalathisi yabo ucinezelo - "fault injini". bug nganye ikhowudi yayo, kwaye lihlale kwinkumbulo yekhompyutha. Ezinye iingxaki engafakwanga ngokupheleleyo kuphela, kodwa ngokuqinileyo ixesha kwenkqubo ubhaqo. olu khetho kubizwa ngokuba "ngumkhenkce-ifreyim".

Imposiso injini - Oonobangela

Ibhalbhu, elibika iimpazamo kwidashboard elinye kuphela. Noko ke, izizathu ngazo kungaba kakhulu. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukufunda yaye akukho nezixhobo ezizodwa okanye uhambo kwisikhululo nkonzo.

Lambda woluvo

Le sensor oxygen - yinxalenye yenkqubo imigodi iimveliso zeemoto. Kwenza kube nokutshekishwa ukuba ioksijini eninzi lingatshi liphele kwi cylinder injini. Lambda woluvo iliso amafutha.

iphutha ezahlukeneyo ebizwa woluvo awuvumeli ikhompyutha ukufumana ulwazi ngaye. Ngamanye amaxesha le ngxenye inika ulwazi engalunganga. iintsilelo enjalo ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa amafutha kunye nokunciphisa ngamandla injini. Ezininzi iimoto mihla abenzi boluvo ezo ezimbini ukuya kwezine.

Phakathi ezibangela sentsilelo ungcoliseko element nakwioli yawo inkunkuma okanye oli-umlotha. Oku kunciphisa ukuchaneka omamele wokulawula umxube amafutha ukuba ukujonga amafutha elilelona.

Kwiqweqwe itanki yezibaso

Abaqhubi abaninzi xa imposiso isoloko ucinga ubukho iingxaki ezinzulu. Kodwa bambalwa abantu bacinga ukuba utshekishe ukuba ngaba evaliweyo inkqubo amafutha. Kambe ke nantsi eyona ukuvuza kube lula kwaphulwa esicikweni ngokwaneleyo tight ivaliwe ipetroli. Le meko eliqhelekileyo!

Buphi na ke impazamo injini? Inyaniso kukuba xa kwesivalo evaliweyo evuzayo kwisistim abaleke umoya, leyo etya amafutha. isifo ngenxa yoko uza kuvelisa impazamo.

kuvala

Oku kwenza iigesi zeemoto cleaner. Itshintsha carbon monoxide kunye nezinye ezingcolisayo iikhompawundi engenabungozi kokusingqongileyo. Le ngxaki iza bengasebenzi ayinakulinganiswa kuphela kwi icon kwiqela lenjongo sixhobo, kodwa unciphiso kakhulu amandla.

DMRV

MAF woluvo umlinganiselo isixa womoya efunekayo ukulungiselela kangangoko umxube amafutha. Le woluvo rhoqo enxibelelana computer. Ukuba element enesiphako, oko konyusa inqanaba carbon dioxide kwi igesi zeemoto unciphisa amandla yunithi amandla kunye ngobuqhophololo. Unga kwakhona bagcine nemiba ezibuthathaka chithwa ngolunya.

Yathetheka ke iiplagi kunye iingcingo ophezulu ombane

Amakhandlela - yenye iinxalenye eziphambili imoto emva kokuba injini.
Xa bethe mabaphume ukuze, yintlantsi akuthethi ukondla kakuhle. ilungu Imile banokungenisa ube yintlantsi ngexesha engalunganga, okanye musa phemba amafutha konke konke. Ukuba uneengxaki amakhandlela ngexesha lunikezelo nga yiva Barr.

Into ekufuneka uyazi ibhalbhu Khangela injini?

Abanye abaqhubi bazama ukwenza kususwe isiphoso injini ngokuthi kokucima ibhetri. Ezi zazo ngokwenene ukuphelisa le ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, lo isibane nga ukukhanyisa emva kwexesha elithile kwakhona. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho namnye isizathu okufana le meko kufana, yaye ujika ukuba ufuna ukwenza i ngakumbi olunzulu kwesifo.

Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa iinkqubo hardware ne-software eyodwa ufumana nje naziphi na iimpazamo kwi ECU kunye injini, kodwa siyazi ukuba ukuphelisa njani. Ukuba ngexesha uvavanyo iphutha liqhubeka, isibane uyacima. Kwezinye iimeko, ukucima ngesiphoso kufuneka ixesha elithile ukuhamba ngemoto. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba iyunithi yolawulo kuthatha ixesha olunzulu uvavanyo kunye lwenye zonke iinkqubo imoto. Ukuba isibane akafuni kuphuma, kufuneka siqhubeke ukukhangela le ngxaki.

Owayevunyelwe: ukuxilongwa

Kuyinto inkcazo parameters eziphambili ze-injini kunye nenkqubo transmission kwi ngexesha breakage. Ngoko ke, lo memory ongasindiswayo nje kuphela ukusebenza kodwa impazamo injini. Owayevunyelwe kunokunceda ukucacisa into eyenzekayo kule moto. Olu khetho luluncedo kakhulu.

Ungafumana iindidi ukuphazamiseka kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukulungisa le ngxaki. Umzekelo, ukuba kwinkumbulo yekhomputha akwazi ukufumana isiphoso P0116, ngoko isakhelo owayevunyelwe ukuba bakhangele njengesipholisi kunye nomoya amaqondo obushushu. Vumela iqondo lobushushu njengesipholisi - 40, yaye umoya - degrees 84. It nje ngeke, kwaye jonga iingxaki lobushushu woluvo zeli injini okanye umninimzi

uxilongo Self olunzulu

Kutshanje, ukuba aqhube self-uphethwe for auto umqhubi eqhelekileyo kwaba nzima - kwakungekho nje akukho izixhobo ezikhoyo. Ewe, kwaye phambi kokuba ayizange ngokukodwa kufuneka - zokucazulula impazamo injini yenziwa njani kubaneka isibonisi.

Namhlanje, ngokuba self-loxilongo kunye inika izixhobo ezifikelelekayo elula ukuba asebenze kwi-interface OBD-II. Ezi zixhobo kuvumela sithuthi nje ukufumana umsebenzi swihoxo computer, kodwa ukulawula ezahlukeneyo iparameters. Ukuze ukusebenza ifowuni, yaye kuya kufuneka notebook ngokwayo. Ixabiso zezi zixhobo iqala ukususela 5000 engange, kwaye inokuba nomahluko, ngokuxhomekeke ikhono vuavanyisi.

Unakho ukuthenga uze uyifake kwi-kwibhodi computer, hayi kanye mandithi, azithuthuzele nje ngaye. Emva koko ukufumana ikhowudi ngobugwenxa ethile ayikwazi ukushiya lo salon. Price of umba - ukususela 3000 engange, kodwa akukho isisombululo efanelekileyo. Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba bathenge a wireless iadaptha OBD-II kunye ukuwuqonda khowudi evela smart ngqo. Ixabiso sigqibo ukusuka 1000 engange.

Uphi na nezisekelo diagnostic?

Ekubeni le ujongano lolusezantsi, indawo kwayo - nalo litshintshe. Kusenokuba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke brand kunye nomzekelo, kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe kokuba imitha kude umqhubi. uqwalaselo Standard imele abafowunelwa 16 kwimiqolo emibini.

Ngokufuthi, le isinxibelelanisi diagnostic ise inxalenye esezantsi kwideshbhodi esihlalweni yomqhubi. Kwezinye iindlela sukuba ezimele kufutshane lenjongo fuse okanye phantsi licuba. Umzekelo, kwi-auto brand «Wolksvagen» uthe isinxibelelanisi ingafunyanwa phantsi isiciko iziko console.

Indlela ukuqhagamshelana usebenzise?

Dibanisa vuavanyisi kuyimfuneko, ukuze:

• kuqala zonke Cima ucinezelo;
• ngoko ke isixhobo liqhagamshelene isinxibelelanisi ngenxa uxilongo;
• Ngoku kufuneka beze kulayita ucinezelo kwakhona;
• ngoko ke software iseke uqhagamshelwano zombini, kwaye unakho ukuqalisa ukusebenza.

Kuba inkqubo inkinga zingasetyenziswa software ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Kwi Web uyakwazi ukufumana ezahlukeneyo, zombini iinkqubo ihlawulwe kwaye simahla. Okokuqala ngqa, ungasebenzisa le software free ukuba uyakwazi ukufunda data ekhoyo, uya kufumana 'amadlala, ndinixelele indlela asete impazamo injini.

Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa iimveliso software ezifana:

• OBD-II Master Scan;
• Torque ngokuba "Android".

Kukho kwakhona i software omhle MotorData Elm. Isebenza ne amaqhoshana ezininzi kwaye free ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa ekhaya.

Indlela ukuwuqonda ikhowudi yengxaki scanner?

Ngaphandle zokucazulula kweekhowudi luxilongo yenza akukho ingqiqo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukongeza nokukhethwa kwezixhobo kunye software eyimfuneko ziwuthathele ingqalelo lo mbandela, ngokukodwa xa awufuni ukuba ahlawule umsebenzi neengcali ukusuka kwisikhululo nkonzo. Ngoko ke, kukho izikhokelo ngokubanzi ukuba kunceda ukuze ziqonde oku okanye loo mpazamo. I-software inika ikhowudi ngokohlobo ileta kunye dijithi ezine. Oonobumba amele:

• B - umzimba;
• C - chassis;
• P- PPC okanye injini;
• U - data exchange ibhasi.

Umvo yokuqala ikhowudi - 0. Oku ikhowudi jikelele loo mgangatho. Nowesibini, nowesithathu - kwimveliso Car nyaka. 3 - figure reserve. Umvo yesibini ikhowudi - uhlobo ingxaki eya kukuxelela indlela ukususa impazamo injini:

• 1-2 - iingxaki kwinkqubo amafutha okanye kwinkqubo yonikezelo umoya;
• 3 - iingxaki ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo ucinezelo;
• 4 - awongeziweyo;
• 5 - bayahiliza;
• 6 - ECU chain;
• 7-8 - transmission.

Umvo yesine sesihlanu - ke amanani olandelelwano yeempazamo. Ukudwelisa zonke iikhowudi impazamo yenza akukho ndlela, ngokuba eninzi kubo. Funda ngokuchane ngakumbi website lomenzi. Neekhowudi ezimotweni kakhulu umgangatho inxenye. Apha, umzekelo, impazamo injini "Ford Focus" - P0171-0172 umnini amahlwempu kakhulu, okanye icala, ngokugqithiseleyo zizityebi imposiso umxube amafutha P0219 uthi lubonisa ingadumeli phezulu kakhulu Lonke olu lwazi luyafumaneka kwaye kulula ukufumana ngokwesiseko kuya kuba lula ukuyilungisa ... iimoto.

inkqubo zokuxilonga "Ford"

Makhe sijonge inkqubo zokufumanis ezinye iimoto. I "Ford", into yokuqala ufuna ukuba uvule ucinezelo. Qala i injini naxa kuyimfuneko. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ufumane i-odometer iqhosha yenz kwidashboard - kufuneka cofa uze ubambe ngayo.

Emva koko, ngaphandle ukhupha iqhosha, into yokutshixa esijikeleziswa kwindawo yesibini. Ngelo yonyango xesha kufuneka kuthathwe xa ukufunda odometer livela kwikhusi, ukwazisa ukuba uvavanyo sele iqalile. Kweli nqanaba uyakwazi khupha iqhosha.

Oko emotweni "Ford" injini amadlala, ekhutshwe kwi lenjongo isixhobo ukuxelela apho ungajonga, kwaye apho kukho ingxaki.

uphethwe akwazile

On iimoto kule olwaziwa nge transmission ncwadana kuyimfuneko ukuba ngaxeshanye ukubacinezela wagaleleka kunye negesi kwaye uyibambe ndawo. Emva koko, lo ucinezelo ivuliwe, nto wakhulula enyovwayo. Emva kwethutyana, khusi izakubonisa injini nandzu ikhowudi ( "Omega" lukhangelwe ngokunjalo).

Ukuba imoto isetelwe Auto, ngoko ke uya oda u kwahluka kancinci. Le ucinezelo luvulwa, unyawo wahlala phantsi igesi kunye waqhekeza neyaziwa apho. Emva koko, ukosuleleka oluzenzekelayo watshintshela «D» indlela.

Ucinezelo icinyiwe kwaye wagaleleka nga akhululwe. Emva koko, kwangaxeshanye tyhala waqhekeza kunye negesi kwakhona ubambe. Uyakwazi ukuvula le ucinezelo.

Ukuba ubambe impazamo enyovwayo injini libonakala ngohlobo codes ECN. Imivo emine yokuqala ikhowudi - na uhlobo amadlala, ezinye ezimbini - ixabiso umonakalo. Ukuba amasuntswana angu ezintlanu, ngoko encotsheni khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo add a zero. itheyibhile Code kunye breakdowns uyakwazi zifundwe kwi website lomenzi. Uyakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa nezisekelo diagnostic.

Wha

Vaz for self-uphethwe kwakhona kuyenzeka ukusebenzisa isokethi diagnostic, kodwa ke kuvumelekile ukwenza oko kwaye ekhaya imoto. Ukuze wenze oku, bamba phantsi i odometer iqhosha, ngoko ukulijika isitshixo ukuya kwindawo yokuqala, elandelwa qhosha kukhululwa. Emva koko izakuxhumela iintolo.

Emva koko, lo odometer licinezelwe kwakhona - umqhubi uya kubona inombolo firmware. Ukuba ucinezela ixesha okwesithathu, uyakwazi ukufumana ikhowudi diagnostic. Nasiphi na isiphoso imoto motor Vaz kuya kwenziwa ngohlobo lemivo emibini kunokuba ezine. Baya Zinokucaca iitafile efanelekileyo.

Le lwazi ukunceda abaqhubi abanamava kwaye abo basandula kuqalisa ukuqonda ngcono imoto. Iimpazamo kwenzeka ngamaxesha athile, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuze akwazi ukulungisa kubo kwexesha. Ekuqaleni zithuthi eSoviet iinketho abanjalo, yaye umqhubi babengazi ukuba yintoni "ufunga" injini. Namhlanje, kukho amathuba amaninzi ngenxa uxilongo, ukulungiswa, imeko esweni. Yaye ngoncedo software mihla akukho nto kulula uku bana phandle ukuba ngokutsha indlela injini tyala ukusuka kwinkumbulo yekhomputha.