Church of St. iNgelosi Enkulu (Yaroslavl): Idilesi, imbali, iifoto

Ngasechwebeni iVolga, apho athele emlanjeni Kotorosl, ukusasaza kwisixeko samandulo Russian ka Yaroslavl, endulo idume kwiisayithi yayo engcwele, enye yona ilibandla Arhangela Mihaila, vysyaschayasya kufuphi iindonga oyiNgcwele Kumbi Monastery. Yakhelwe imbeko inkokeli yomkhosi wasemazulwini, namhlanje, njengokuba kwiminyaka edlulileyo, yindawo ukutya kokomoya abavikeli Russian.

Church egameni umxhasi saint yamajoni

Malunga ngubani kwaye yakhiwe xa ibandla Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl), ogama imbali na alohlukaniswa uzuko yomkhosi Russia, etha zemihla ngemihla yamandulo kunye noovimba neecawa, nto leyo kufikelelwe kuyo amaxesha kwethu. kukho charter sibhalwe ngo-1530, phakathi kwezinye amaxwebhu. Isixelela ibali ngendlela Prince of Novgorod Constantine wayalela ukuba ndibeka Yaroslavl iitempile ezimbini, enye yazo yaba Cathedral le lusekeleke, kwaye eyesibini wayitshabalalisa abakhusela amadoda alwa, ukusuka apho ke (ngoku) buxhomekeke kungekuphela kwintlalo-ntle, kodwa kukodwa Russian abantu.

Olu lwazi ivumela ukuseka siqinisekile ophezulu ukuba ibandla Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl) yakhiwa ngo-1215 njengomhla ngqo zolwakhiwo kwingcinga Cathedral, zakhiwe ngexesha elinye kwakusazeka evela-mpepha. Ukususela imithombo efanayo kucacile ukuba emva kweminyaka asibhozo oko esihle kakhulu, kuba yayakhiwe ngomthi - izinto eyaziwa ukuba siphila ixesha elifutshane, yaye yakhiwa kwakhona sele ilitye ngokomyalelo Princess Anne - umfazi Prince Yaroslavl ethile Fedor Black.

Umzukulu ka umbusi yaseByzantium

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba Yaroslavl Prince kunye nomfazi wakhe abakhankanywe yeembali ngokunxulumene ibali romantic kakhulu. Isibakala sokuba omnyama - ingelilo igama kwenene, yaye igama lakhe, livela kwigama Slavic "Red", gama elo elithetha -. "Beautiful" Eneneni, kukho ubungqina ukuba indoda ubuhle ngokungaqhelekanga, leyo nangoko wabona umfazi Tatar khan Nogay, apho wafika prince imini enye umtyelele.

Falling in love xa uqala yinzwana Rusich, oko kukuthi, kodwa, uyazi ukuba esongela bobabini ukuba umyeni wam khona isizathu incinane ukuba nomona. Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kokuba akwazi ukunika uthando kuye wamnika ke intombi yakhe, ebizwa ubhaptizo kwi Anna oyiNgcwele, lowo nesikhulu wakha ifumene yamasuntswana entliziyweni yakhe. Mandinazise ukuba umfazi Khan yaba intombi oyinzalelwane baseByzantium loMlawuli Michael VIII Palaeologus kunye, Kakade ke, yaba uhlobo ngokungangqalanga. Yiloo nto-intombi umzukulwana mlawuli yaseByzantium yakhe, yaba inkosana yinzwana neqabane othembekileyo, yaye wayalela ukuba bayakhe ibandla Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl) Oko.

Memory kayise kunye nokuthiswa indodana

Ngomhla umbuzo kutheni inkosazana, ekubiyeni ibandla elungiselelwe naye Mihailu Arhangelu, ababhali-mbali baye izimvo ezahlukeneyo. Abanye bathi oku umnqweno phambili imemori kayise, owayebizwa ogama uMikhail, abanye bakholisa ukubona Usizi indodana ngesiquphe ongasekhoyo omthandayo uMikayeli - unyana ka-Prince Fedor nomfazi wakhe wokuqala.

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuba yasinda icon eziliqela, nto leyo, emveni kokuba hiatus elide wabuyela ibandla Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl). Ifoto omnye wabo - i Kazan Icon ye nguMama kaThixo - thaca kweli nqaku. Ukongeza, neendawo eziphakamileyo zonqulo ezininzi iziqu etempileni zezi: umfanekiso Arhangela Mihaila, ethinjiweyo banesifo, yaye enye ngexesha abekwe Tretyakov Igalari, kunye icon of St. Anthony Omkhulu, ibhalwe inkosi engaziwayo yesikolo Novgorod ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIV.

lenqaba ibandla

Emva Ukuvuma kwetrone 1645 Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich indawo yonke kufutshane yabekwa phantsi abatoli zokuhlala, kunye Church of Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl) kwaba icawa yabo ekampini njengengcwele, emva ngaye yamiselwa, yena kuthathwa umxhasi ongcwele amadoda omkhosi ubudala ubudala. Le iwonga, kugcinwe kuyo kangangeenkulungwane, bafikelela namhlanje. Ngelo xesha, ukuba ziyisebenzise lisebe lomkhosi, waye ukulungiswa kwaye ngokuyinxenye yakhiwa.

Noko ke, ukuba bhekisa kwi amaxwebhu, kulula ukubona ukuba iinkosana Yaroslavl enyanisweni yajika pretty ekumnikeni, kunye izinduna ukumkani kaThixo Musa ukungxama Shell phandle. Ngokukhutshelwa elomkhosi itempile yaba eninzi imbeko, kodwa hayi kodwa wabonakala imali ukulungiswa. Yaroslavl abarhwebi waba poradet malunga ubuhle kaNdikhoyo ekampini Church lula izipaji zabo tight kancinane.

Ngokuba zonke iingcingo ukulungiswa ndasolula phezu iminyaka emininzi yaye yagqitywa kuphela yee- zenkulungwane XVII, emva kokuba Ukuvuma kwitrone Peter I, ukubusa iye imfazwe enkulu, kunye nokukhuselwa Arhangela Mihaila kwakunjalo.

Imbonakalo etempileni zomkhosi

isondlo elide kangaka elide ibandla ushiye uphawu yayo kwimbonakalo yakhe. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, ezahlukeneyo ngendlela zokwakha, kwaye nalo ke ezithandwa yabathengisi, wahlawula umsebenzi, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye zilawule neemfuno zabo nabayili. Ngenxa yoko, nje ebalulekileyo inokufumaneka nentwana yayo lesishwankathelo iindlela eziliqela, omnye emva komnye kwelo xesha.

Xa uceba kwalo ibandla Arhangela Mihaila (Yaroslavl), iifoto yakudala aye alondolozwa ukuze imihla yethu aze anike ingcamango oko wayefana ngaphambili, alikho ngaphezu izithethe ezazikho ngelo xesha elinye emizini iVolga. Oku kusekelwe kwesitya rhoqo ophela apses ezintathu - elirhangqiweyo uqikelelo yesakhiwo, nto leyo ibekwe ngaphakathi isithuba esibingelelweni.

Ngaba elingaphantsi yemveli ephezulu - kumgangatho ophantsi wesakhiwo, ilungiselelwe iimfuno zekhaya, nasemizini zorhwebo ezinkulu, yintoni bekusoloko Yaroslavl, kaninzi zisetyenziselwa ukugcina iimpahla - inzuzo imarike ebesoloko. Abarhwebi Nakanye-onothando, yokunyamekela umphefumlo, musa ukulibala malunga nobutyebi.

Olungaphambili, tower nokupeyinta ingaphakathi

Church intsimbi tower - kuyinxalenye yentlanganisela nayiphi tempile - eyenziwe ngokungqinelana ezithandwa abathengi ', kuhlawulwa ekwakhiweni kwayo. Esi sakhiwo noko enkulu ukuhlamba kunye nokuzaliswa intente. Eyona elithozamisayo kuyilo olungaphambili iliso, zazihonjiswe izakhelo window eqingqiweyo kwaye ke wabiza ibhulukwe - vee buxande, leyo ibekwa iithayile elimbala zibukekayo. Church Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl) trohprestolnaya. Ngaphandle kumda ephambili, kukho ababini, omnye leyo sungula ku Solovetskim abasebenzi ummangaliso engcwele, ethwele kwinqaba bendawo.

Nokutsala ukuqina webandla ke esekelwe, wabulawa 1731 Novgorod iqela ngabapeyinti, ikhokelwa inkosi odumileyo Fedor Fedorov. imisebenzi yabo eninzi iimpawu ezithile kakhulu ukuba ahluke kuzo imisebenzi amanye amagcisa. OyiNtloko phakathi kuzo edluliselweyo imifanekiso ethile zilula ukusa kumkhamo othile rodnyaschaya kubo kushicilelwa Russian ethandwayo. Imisebenzi yala magcisa zizele ubomi kunye nombala, kakhulu ngokuvisisana sesakhiwo ebandleni uhombiso zayo.

Iminyaka zokweyelisela nobumnyama

Xa ngo-1917 abasemagunyeni kweli lizwe nisithimbile iiBolsheviks, iCawa Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl), njengezininzi iicawa Russian zavalwa, kwaye egumbini lakhe amalungiselelo yokugcina. Ngaphandle inani elincinane lezinto yomhombiso elingaphakathi, wathunyelwa olondolozo lwembali eli lizwe, zonke izinto ezixabisekileyo zaye ziphangwe, kunye nento yokuba, ngokutsho iinkosi ezintsha ubomi, akukho inzala - kutshatyalaliswa nje. Bells, bambalwa kwiinkulungwane ubiza lokuthandaza bahanahanisi Yaroslavl, isuswe nokundulula ziko.

Kuphela gqira ngenxa yomsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa ngabameli nezazi ezidolophini, nto ikwazile ukufikelela ukutshintshwa lwesakhiwo ibandla ulawulo lolondolozo lwembali imbali lwasekuhlaleni, nto leyo ngcono kakhulu indawo yayo kwaye bavumelekile ukudlulela kunye nokubuyiselwa olungaphambili. Kodwa kwiminyaka emininzi ngakumbi phakathi izakhiwo zetempile ezidolophini esetyenziselwa iimfuno ukuba kude kunqulo, yaba ibandla Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl). Unqulo akukho kuqhutywa de ekupheleni koo Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, kuye era lwangaphesheya akekho iyonke.

Ilindele kubaxhasi-onothando uThixo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba nokutshitshiswa kwee-Moscow labefundisi kunye nezinye iicawa ezidolophini transferred, nakwibandla zingelosi uMikayeli (Yaroslavl), ishedyuli kweenkonzo kude kube ngoku kuphela kubonakala kwiingcango ibandla yasebusika adjoined isakhiwo engundoqo kwaye iyinxenye ye zakhiwo. Isakhiwo oluphambili Sisalinde abanikeli yokuzithandela Abaxhobele ukwenza igalelo yemali imvuselelo ubungcwele. umhlaba Russian odumileyo kuzo zonke izizukulwana kwikhupha labo. Kuyathenjwa ukuba asekhona kumhla wethu, yaye kanye ngokupheleleyo nokuvuselela ubomi bakhe zonqulo ebandleni Mihaila Arhangela (Yaroslavl). INcwadi yeeDilesi ye abo bafuna ukubona ngamehlo am: Yaroslavl, Pervomayskaya isitalato, 67 ..