Church of kuMoses in Fili. Church of kuMoses in Fili

Church of kuMoses kwi Fili yakhiwa kwi ekuqaleni 1690 kaThixo, kuloo mmandla a Manor yelizwe Boyar L. K. Naryshkina. Itempile iquka iinxalenye ezimbini. Eyokuqala them - Church of kuMoses - ingqalelo ezantsi, kwaye eyesibini - uMsindisi - ebizwa ngaphezulu. Le itempile entle yaduma isemagqabini njengohlobo eyodwa Naryshkin. Le architecture lesikhumbuzo inxulumene rannepetrovskomu ixesha. Church of uMsindisi ijongeka ngokufanayo ekwakhiweni. nezibilini zayo unique kunye icons KIRILL Ulanov kunye Karp Zolotarev ngokungummangaliso wasinda waza wasinda kude kube namhlanje.

ibandla ngomthi

Icawa yokuqala kunye Chapel of the akhulelwe of St. Anne, awayakhayo Fili, yayenziwe ngamaplanga. Gcina uxwebhu, nto leyo ithi icawa yakhiwa ngo-1619. Ngelo xesha, la mazwe babephuma isikhulu Mstislavsky. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, iBandla kuMoses e Fili wavela enkosi iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezinxulumene the Time Iingxaki. Ekwindla ka-1618 Hetman Sagaidachnyi kunye ne-Polish Prince Wladyslaw wazama ukuba ahlasele iindonga eMoscow. imikhosi Russian bakwazi ukubuyiselana konke ukuhlaselwa yotshaba. Esi siganeko mkhulu ekupheleni ukudideka kunye yokubhuqwa kaRhulumente eMoscow.

i abavikeli bebona oko abanye uhlobo ukhuselo ezizodwa Virgin. Kwaye emva kokuba ugqibe ukwakha iitempile eziliqela. It Pokrovsky Church in Medvedkovo, alaqhenqetha: kukuqulungana, Fili kunye Izmailov.

Manor Building

Ngowe-1689, ilizwe apho kwilali Fili, anikezelwe ukuya boyar Naryshkinu Lvu Kirillovichu. Waba uyisekazi Tsar Peter I. Umnini omtsha ngoko nangoko baqalisa ngokuxhobisa impahla yabo entsha. Ekuqaleni, wazakhela indlu eqinileyo kunye njengenqaba ikloko phezu kwayo, ngoko ke izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo: imithombo, izitali kunye iiyadi bestial. Manor waba enkulu kwigadi yeziqhamo kunye ipaki elihle masimu. Ukongeza, kukho amachibi eziliqela ayingxangxasi enziwe kwi iiteknoloji ezintsha ngalo lonke ixesha.

legend

Kodwa ke isakhiwo engundoqo, leyo eganiweyo Naryshkin, kwabakho ibandla e Fili. Legend uthi imbali yayo ukwakhiwa ngokusondeleyo ukuba iziganeko ezenzeka ngexesha lemvukelo Archer ngo-1682. Athanasius kunye Ivan - gama babulawa abatoli Naryshkin abazalwana abadala. Unyana omncinci, Lev Kirillovich, wakwazi ngokungummangaliso ukubaleka. Emva koko wafunga ukuba wasinda, qiniseka wamvelisela ibandla imbeko ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary, kwaye inkumbulo kwabazalwana babo abafileyo.

Kube sele kuyiminyaka 7 ukususela ukusithela. Zuza umhlaba omtsha, akazange azilibale isithembiso sakhe. Naryshkin wabeka ibandla elitsha ilitye ye kuMoses, lo Virgin.

indlu itshe

Njengoko usazi, xa ilifa kuye bambongozayo Church, ngoko imbeko kulo mthendeleko ingcwele yanikezelwa (ebusika) itempile asezantsi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umhla ngqo sokwakha ayaziwa, ekubeni onke amaxwebhu batshiswa ngumlilo ngo-1712. Church of kuMoses e Fili, isimbo sakhe ugqibelele ukuba ibandla ndlu, esinomfaneleko, umthendeleko look ezintle. Naryshkin wakha okuphambili kwafuneka ukubonisa wabanumzana, gentility kunye nobutyebi umniniyo, ngokunjalo zonke ezintle ukuba azalwa kuyo.

style unique

I kufuneka bathi indlela eqaqambileyo original evelayo Ekuveleni XVII-XVIII eminyaka kamva waba phambili ubugcisa bokwakha Russian, sele kuthiwa Naryshkin kungenxa itempile Filevskaya.

izakhiwo ezinjalo zibiza kakhulu, ngoko ukwakhiwa kwayo akwazi ukuhlawula izidwangube acebe kuphela. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba igama style kunokuba ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Ewe, iBandla kuMoses e Fili kubangelwa ikakhulu koku, kodwa Ukongeza kwakhiwa kunye nezinye ezikhumbuzo yakhiwa ngamalungu sodidi lwe Naryshkin.

umhombiso ibandla

Ekubeni intsapho umnini wezindlu kaThixo obelukufutshane endlwini yobukumkani, kukuzukiswa nokumkani yaka uPetros ndandingakwazi kodwa kuchaphazela zombini zangaphandle kunye nohombisoa lwangaphakathi ibandla. Le ubungqina zicacileyo ukuba ezi iminqamlezo akhiwe emacaleni empumalanga nasentshonalanga yebandla. Bambeka eagle kabini-headed - uphawu sokumiswa, kunye balcony encinane ecaleni lasentshonalanga kuthiwa ibhokisi yasebukhosini.

Konke oku kwaba Bulelani kunokwenzeka yokuba buqu Naryshkin inxaxheba umhombiso icawa entsha ilitye. Ukongeza, kwaye Tsar uPetros nam ndise isandla sam kuyo. ukuze yakhe kanye ukhethiweyo kaNondyebo kaRhulumente ukuze ihombe ibandla ducats angamakhulu amane ngegolide. Ngokutsho legend, ukumkani ngokwakhe ngamanye amaxesha weza Philly, kodwa akazange ibhokisi elibekelwe kuye, waye ekwayaleni, leyo bacule ekwayaleni.

Ngo-1705 iBandla kuMoses, lo Virgin e Fili ihonjiswe amahle indebe yeglasi nebala kunye eglasi. Balizisa yena Naryshkin Narva, yoyiswa yi Peter I. ukuba zadipozithwa umfanekiso kwezihombo yemifuno, izicaphulo ubomi yeBhayibhile kunye idyasi knight ethelekelelwayo ngayo iingalo.

ekubuyekezeni

ngaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu inkangeleko Filevskaya ibandla liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo azitshintshwanga. Ezi mpepha ziye kwafunyanwa imizobo yalo lesikhumbuzo wezakhiwo unique ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII. Enkosi kubo, kwafumaniseka ukuba ngezinyuko, eyakhelwe ekuqaleni ukuba uguqulwe ngethuba umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa kwenziwa ebandleni phantsi kolwalathiso Kazakova M. F. Kodwa phezulu ibandla igcinwa Ungqameko yayo yoqobo uhlobo ezenziwe naziiperile ngumntu.

Impact yeemfazwe

War Patriotic ka-1812 ngonyaka ukuba amathe kuba itempile. He kalukhuni limisiwe ngamajoni French. Kwakhona umonakalo enkulu kunye naye kunye Enkulu Patriotic War. Ndiqinisekile abaninzi baye babone iifoto amabandla neetempile batshatyalaliswe iziqhushumbisi.

umsebenzi Ukubuyiselwa waya ngokucothayo kakhulu kwaye nqapha iminyaka 25 (1955-1980). igalelo elikhulu ukophula ilitye lesikhumbuzo ekhethekileyo eyenziwe nabayili Ilenko I. V. kunye Mihaylovskiy E. V.

nokubuyiselwa

Inyathelo lokuqala kulindeleke ukuba ukubuyisela sangaphandle isakhiwo ngayo. Baye kwakhona kwaye nentloko iminqamlezo, imigangatho ilitye elimhlophe kunye nempahla. Sinokuthi ukuba kule icawa izixhobo lizaliseke, nto leyo emva koko zonke izakhiwo bokwakha Naryshkin style.

Kude kube ngoku, akukho mntu waziyo ukuba umbala iindonga kwesakhiwo babedalelwe. It is a Kulusizi ukuba ngelo xesha kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukuthatha iifoto kwamabandla neetempile. Kwaye ngoku sinako ndicinga kuphela. Sinako ukucinga ukuba iindonga angaba iyafana naleyo itempile kaBathathu Emnye oyiNgcwele, nto leyo ibekwe Emnye-Lykov. Kuye kwakhiwa ngexesha elinye Church of kuMoses e Fili umninawa Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin - Martemyan. Neendonga zipeyintwe lerhamba etempileni, uxelisa naziiperile. I yokuqala kweemaleko ipeyinti, onako ukubona Filevskiy ibandla bobabo kwinkulungwane XVIII. Emva koko waba umbala oluhlaza.

Isigaba esilandelayo umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa yaqala ekuqaleni-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Le tempile zizaku nikezelwa kudweliso Central Museum, iingcali zobugcisa yamandulo. Ke kaloku, injongo ephambili ukuyenza embindini welizwe. I bambongozayo Church akazange abe nayiphi zokuhombisa yokuqala, ngoko ukubuyisela lokubhalela XVIII-XIX eminyaka ngokoqobo ukusuka ekuqaleni.

Lo msebenzi wenziwa kuphela ezantsi, kodwa ke ebandleni eliphezulu. umzamo Uninzi iye kuzanywa ekubuyiselweni ngomsonto eyodwa apho zinokuhonjiswa iconostasis, kwakunye iikwayala, Kyoto kunye ibhokisi bakomkhulu.

Ekuqaleni, lo ngaphakathi ibandla ezisezantsi neziphezulu zange vali. Ngaphandle yaba umzimba kuphela ibandla Msindisi. Kukho babe Imizobo zibuyiselwe ebonisa New Testament Emnye kunye neengelosi ezisithoba. Kwaye ibandla eliphezulu kwayekwa kamva ukupeyinta, ngenkulungwane XIX enosuku.

Ngenxa iminyaka emininzi yomsebenzi onzima ezilukhuni nabayili ezininzi kunye restorers zebandla wafumana ubomi yesibini. Bakwazi ukugcina lesikhumbuzo Naryshkin style nkulu ngokwenene ukuvelisa imbonakalo yokuqala zetempile.