Bamathambo: Iindidi, Iimpawu and Treatment

Njengoko usazi, amathambo yinkxaso umzimba uphela. Ngaphandle inkqubo skeletal, bendingayi kuba nako nje kuphela ukwenza iintlobo lweentshukumo, kodwa ukuma. Ngoko ke, ukuxhasa umsebenzi amathambo yenye izakhono ezibalulekileyo eziyimfuneko ubomi.

Ngelishwa, isifo ithambo zixhaphakile. Amaninzi bahambisana abanala makhwiniba amalungu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingxaki kunye nenkqubo musculoskeletal aqalile kuvela ebudaleni. Amaxesha amaninzi ababa ngayo abafazi abakulo ukuya exesheni. Kunjalo, bamathambo eyafunyanwa abantu bonke ubudala. Akukho ngaphandle - abantwana kunye neentsana.

Pathology kwenkqubo skeletal: Inkcazelo

Izifo amathambo kunye namalungu luphawulwa umsebenzi weentshukumo kakuhle, nto leyo iyabonakala iimpawu ezifana njengotshintsho iqinelwa, ukungakwazi ukwenza ukuthambeka okanye ujikelezo, deformation amalungu omzimba okanye lomqolo. Ezimbi isenokuba iziphene (zemfuza lulungele) kwaye ziyafikelelwa ebomini babo. Izifo zahlulwe abekiwe (egubungele enye okanye ngaphezulu amathambo) kwaye ezixhaphakileyo ezichaphazela yonke inkqubo musculoskeletal. ngezifo yokukrala inokuba yemfuza (ukungaqheleki iziphene), ithumba umlinganiswa. Oku laloyisa kwakhona inkqubo musculoskeletal ziquka kwizaphuko, dislocations amalungu, deformation kunye contractures e ezimbi lwenkqubo yemfundo eziphilayo. Izifo amathambo abantu babe ukwanda efanayo ehlabathini. Amaninzi zifumaneka phakathi kwabantu ababhinqileyo. Kunjalo, ipesenti amadoda izifo inkqubo musculoskeletal yinto enkulu.

Isifo amathambo kunye namalungu: uhlobo

Le umyalezo kwethambo kunye ezimbi ngokubambisana ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo sifo lwenzeka kwi kwimeko ethile. Ngako oko, esi sifo ihlelwa maqela alandelayo:

1. izilonda sisiba mandundu. Ezi ziquka yamathambo ebantwaneni kwamathambo okwenzeka abadala. Vuka ngenxa yokungabikho izinto zokulanda umkhondo (calcium, phosphorous). Ukungabikho ezi zinto zisenokuvela ukutya ezingafanelekanga, kwaye kananjalo ngenxa ukungasebenzi le nobubovu lengqula, zamaqanda.
2. isifo ukudumba - osteomyelitis. Esi sifo senzeka ngenxa yokuba ukuqaliswa arhente ngeentsholongwane kwi ijwabu ithambo. Oku kuhambisana ngentshabalalo - necrosis.
3. amanxeba ebuhlungu kwenkqubo musculoskeletal. Ezi ziquka neentanda kunye waphuka. Kwakhona nabo kweli qela amalungu ezonakeleyo kunye nemisipha (enyelisa, yade). Izinto ezibangela izifo ithambo traumatic - ubuye, ucinezelo kunye neminye imiba umatshini.
4. Sisiba mandundu (dysplastic) ngezifo. Ukuze ziquka osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis. into Etiologic ezi ezimbi akufuneki ngqo kwaziwa. Kukholelwa ukuba babe sofuzo (lwemfuzo) uhlobo kwaye zinxulumene izilonda samathambo ithambo.
5. amanxeba Neoplastic yenkqubo musculoskeletal.
6. syndromes Rare yemfuza. Ezi ziquka isifo Paget kaThixo, enesi-, njalo-njalo. D.

Izinto ezibangela ezimbi bone

Nangona zonke izifo ithambo babe etiologies ezahlukeneyo, kukho izinto engabangela naziphi na ezimbi ngasentla. Ezi zibandakanya ezi ziphumo zilandelayo:

1. ukutya ngendlela engafanelekanga. ukusetyenziswa elingonelanga okune calcium, kukhokelela ekuncipheni kwamathambo. Ngenxa yoko, abadala ukuphuhlisa kwamathambo.
2. Ukungabikho kwelanga. Esi sizathu ikhokelela izifo ezifana yamathambo. Le leengxaki kuxhaphakile abantwana abaselula.
3. izifo hormone. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa le ndlala lengqula. Eli ziko lijongene ekulondolozeni ukuzinza phakathi calcium phosphorus ezifunekayo ukuze ithambo. Kwakhona, ukuya ezimbi kwenkqubo musculoskeletal kunokubangela uphazamiseko kwamadlala parathyroid, zamaqanda.
4. umthwalo kakhulu asemzimbeni. Xa oku kuthetha unobangela rhoqo enxibe yamatye, ukusebenza ixesha elide ngokwasemzimbeni, ukutyeba.
5. nakujoliso olutsha Chronic zosulelo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba igciwane okanye lohlobo walo naliphi na ilungu kunokukhokelela ukungena eziphilayo skeletal system.
6. ngezifo zeNkqubo.
7. yofuzo kwizifo amathambo namalungu. Umzekelo, osteoarthritis kunye nabazali sifo.

Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango ezimbi ithambo

Iimpawu zezifo ithambo zixhomekeke sifo, kodwa kwi iqondo namandla aso. Noko ke, umfanekiso bezonyango izifo inkqubo musculoskeletal inazo iimpawu ezifanayo. Ezi zibandakanya ubuhlungu xa uhambisa, deformation ithambo, okanye ukudumba ngokudibeneyo nokuthantamisa kwisiza le sisilonda. Ezi mpawu mava phantse zonke ezimbi. bamathambo yokukrala kwezo mpawu akhankanyiweyo kubonakaliswa yi ifiva, ubuthathaka jikelele, ukungabi namdla.

Le ngezifo, ezifana kwamathambo, hayi linga nenani naliphi na umfanekiso lwezonyango. isifo umrhanelwa Ngokuqhelekileyo kuba ngenxa trauma nomonde rhoqo, nto leyo kwamathambo.

Enye ngezifo, ukuba indalo dystrophic yi osteomalacia. Xa abadala, kokuba kube nokuqwalaselwa isifo awathethi abantwana - njengokubonisa yamathambo. Uphawu ezingundoqo osteomalacia - iintlungu kwindawo ukuthamba emathanjeni, ubuhlungu xa behamba.

obubonakala kwezonyango inkqubo musculoskeletal zomhlaza ixhomekeke nqanaba lenkqubo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, nethumba luphawulwa imbonakalo inxenye itywina (ezisezintabeni) ecaleni ithambo, okwakha ukwandisa. Ngokwezigaba okunzima ukwanda nkovu iindawo, libya-grade fever, buthathaka.

Uxilongo lwe ezimbi kwenkqubo weentshukumo

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi bamathambo kufuneka iqatshelwe isigulane, kuyimfuneko ukuba kuqhuba isaveyi kuphela kwenkqubo musculoskeletal, kodwa yonke eziphilayo. Esona sizathu siphambili sokuba unyango neklinikhi izikhalazo iintlungu, indlela zokunciphisa ulawulo intshukumo, deformation. Yingcali kufuneka aqinisekise ezi zinto zilandelayo: ingaba waphuke okanye umthambo ngokugqithiseleyo. Emva koko iimviwo kwamathambo kunye namalungu. Ugqirha uyalela isigulane ukwenza iintshukumo ezahlukahlukeneyo zivavanya intsebenzo yabo. iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo laboratory zizalathisi ezibalulekileyo ezifana leukocytes kunye ESR, uric acid, calcium phosphorus. Kwakhona, ukuba ngaba isigulane ikhalazela intlungu okanye ukuqina namalungu, kuyimfuneko ukuba aqhube uhlalutyo ukuchonga into samathambo. Ukongeza, i-X-ray wenzile amathambo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, umntu CT scan.

uxilongo mahluko of bamathambo

Ukuze ukwahlula enye kwezinye izifo ithambo, kufuneka balujongisise ngenyameko isigulane. Kwakufika yokwenzakala nangoko ray, kwaye uphethwe ayikho nzima. Inkqubo yokukrala uyaphumelela umrhanelwa lomzimba ukuhlolwa ngenxa (amanxeba ubukho kunye isiqulatho ubovu, hyperemia kunye nokudumba), ubushushu bomzimba ukwanda, iinkcukacha yelebhu (leukocytosis, erythrocyte okukhawulezileyo rate neentlenge). utshintsho bone sisiba mandundu axilonge x-reyi. Ukuba ukrokrela ithumba okanye cyst yenziwa Itomography computer. izifo ezifana osteoarthritis okanye ankylosing spondylitis zichongwa (ikakhulu) ngenxa kumfanekiso clinical. Bona azakubalulwa a deformation ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo musculoskeletal kunye notshintsho iqinelwa.

bamathambo: unyango lwe ezimbi

Nokuba buhlungu okanye isithintelo lweentshukumo kufuneka adibane nogqirha. Kwakufika ukwenzakala kubalulekile ukwenza ixesha-x-reyi kwaye isamente, ekubeni ithambo ukuze kukhule ndawonye, emva koko ezifuna unyango elide. Kwakhona, unyango eyimfuneko ukusombulula imbonakalo izilonda. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwezigulane seswekile kunye varicose mithambo. Nangona ezi izifo ezinxulumene nenkqubo musculoskeletal, izilonda trophic kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso osteomyelitis. Xa ugobile yomqolo, iinyawo caba neziphithiphithi iqinelwa kufuneka ukubona podiatrist. Trauma unoxanduva Ukophuka kunye dislocations amalungu. Wamathambo onceda abantu abasabela yokukrala ngenxa yenkqubo sokuhlasela.

Unyango yokudla ezimbi ithambo

Nasiphi na isifo ithambo inkomba itye. nokutya okusempilweni kuya kuphela omeleze amathambo, kodwa ukuze aphephe uphuhliso ngakumbi ngezifo. Uninzi bonke kumayelana izifo ezibuhlungu yaye sisiba mandundu. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho olufanelekileyo calcium emzimbeni, kufuneka utye iimveliso zobisi. Umxholo eliphezulu lwesi sakhi elifana neli lo sisi nzima, cottage samasi, iyogurt. imithombo calcium isibindi, bubuye neenqoba. Thina singacebisi ukusetyenziswa iswekile, iidiliya, iimbotyi, kunye iziselo ezinxilisayo.

unyango konyango,

Xa izifo yokukrala amathambo kunye namalungu basebenzisa iziyobisi NSAIDs qela. Ezi ziquka amayeza "Diclofenac", "Artoksan", "Aertal". kucetyiswa nazo zibazelwe ntlungu. Umzekelo, "Ketonal" iziyobisi. Le imithi amanxeba kuyimfuneko yaye ebuhlungu ithambo. Amabhinqa ukuya exesheni bavame kwamathambo. Ukunciphisa ubu ithambo estrogensoderzhaschih Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise iziyobisi. Xa deformation kakhulu kwinkqubo musculoskeletal eyenziwa uqhaqho. Kwakhona, ahlinzwe kuboniswa kwimeko efumanise wophuhliso thumba kunye osteomyelitis.

Prevention of bamathambo

Ukuze uphephe imbonakalo okanye uphuhliso ezingaqhelekanga ithambo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthobela ukutya, ukuncipha. Kukwacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba ukwenza imithambo yomzimba, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha - ungayibaxi. Prophylaxis iimeko ezithintela ukosuleleka yinto nakujoliso olutsha zangasese losulelo kunye nonyango zintsholongwane ngexesha exacerbation sisifo esingapheliyo (sinusitis, tonsils).