Retinitis pigmentosa: iimpawu, unyango

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho izifo ezininzi iliso. Ezinye zazo lufunyanwa kwindalo, ngoxa abanye lilifa kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba phantse ukusuka ekuzalweni.

Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ngesi sifo, lalo iqela lesibini yaye ubizwa ngokuba "retinitis pigmentosa". Siza siqonde ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba bandiqumbise ukubonakala kwaso, kwaye uxoxe ukuba kukho iindlela ezisebenzayo ukuphelisa le ngxaki.

Yintoni na retinitis pigmentosa

Esi sifo a ngezifo ilifa semehlo, ngexesha apho umaleko zephotoreceptor kunye epithelium luphuhliso lotshintsho sisiba mandundu kunye neepokotho akhiwa ngokodidi kweeseli ithambo.

Njengomgaqo, retinitis pigmentosa uzenza ndaziva esemncinane xa umntwana kungekho kunye neminyaka-8, uze emva koko uqalisa ngenkuthalo inkqubela. Usongela imfama umguli ukuya kwiminyaka 40-60.

Ezibangela isifo

Unobangela ephambili retinitis pigmentosa i yemfuza gene multiple ukuba banoxanduva kuyondelelaniswe kunye nokwabelana iiprothini ezithile ngexesha Palsy.

Ngelo xesha wachaza iindlela eziphambili kuphuhliso sifo:

1. Enxulumene phantsi. Kulo mzekelo, i ngezifo lidlule ukusuka kumama unyana, kunye X chromosome.
2. Autosomal sofuzo. Pathology idluliselwa umntwana ngexesha elifanayo kubazali ezimbini.
3. Autosomal lubalaseleyo. Pathology usasazwa ugqithiselwa ukusuka omnye abazali bomntwana.

Kukho iimeko xa retinitis pigmentosa banesifo kwezi zigulane, intsapho yakhe isifo akuzange kwenzeke kwangoko. Kodwa iimeko ezinjalo zinqabile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ngezifo esizalwa kwaye kuchaphazela izizukulwana ezininzi intsapho.

Olusengozini ngokukodwa abantwana abazalelwe blizkokrovnom umtshato apho kwandisa kakhulu amathuba ezahlukeneyo zofuzo.

Ukwahlukanisa retinitis pigmentosa

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo sifo kunye kommandla ochaphazelekayo, bahlule iintlobo ezimbini sifo:

1. gumbini. Kule fomu ye acuity olubonakalayo (zombini peripheral kunye central) zigcinwe ixesha elide kuluhlu yesiqhelo. Nangona ngeli xesha sele kukho bazoyise intonga-nkqubo kunye ukuvela nakujoliso olutsha kudala zoqokelelo kwiindawo ezithile zale fundus.

2. Nedlac. Le fomu iintlobo ezininzi:

• retinitis Amelanotic. Ngeli hlobo fundus akukho iiseli ebala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimpawu zesi sifo.
• Sectoral retinitis pigmentosa intsimbi yehashe. Iifoto ezibonisa ubukho nakujoliso olutsha semehlo ulwehlo buzinze naliphi fundus isebe enye ngokunxulumene imilo intsimbi yehashe. Kulo sifo, iimpawu kungangabikho ngokupheleleyo okanye sebenzisa them flow olucothayo kakhulu.
• Belotochechny. Ngexesha olu hlobo fundus waphawula iindawo ezininzi amhlophe. Iimpawu kule kuyafana ngexesha retinitis pigmentosa.
• Wakhona. Kule fomu kwesi sifo iqala amanxeba semehlo inxalenye umbindi kuyo, ezichaphazela inkqubo cone. Le nkqubo kunye nophuhliso photophobia kunye ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kombono engundoqo.

Iimpawu zesi sifo

Xa isifo ezifana retinitis pigmentosa, photo iliso efunyenwe ngexesha ophthalmoscopy, bonisa ubukho kwiinkalo ezintathu iimpawu:

1. Yoma le epithelium semehlo. Kulo mzekelo, uya ukuvala apho kwemithambo incinci kunye ukubonakala amabala ngombala omhlophe.
2. Yokubona disc iba ngokuphawulekayo paler.
3. Kwimiphetho le fundus kunye lokuqhubeka yegazi ezincinane kuvela babizwa ngokuba "corpuscles ithambo."

iimpawu

Yintoni utshintsho zihambisana retinitis pigmentosa? Iimpawu kungabandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• ubumfama ebusuku ( "ukungaboni") ezibangelwe ngezenzeko sisiba mandundu kwiretina;
• nobandlululo Gweb;
• ukungaboni;
• ukuncitshiswa kombono peripheral ;
• ubunzima emehlweni akho ukulungisa kwigumbi emnyama emva ukukhanyiswa, kwaza vice versa;
• ebusuku-ziimfama.

Iifom Nedlac ukuze ibe ikhatshwe photophobia nokwehla umbono umbala.

lokufunyaniswa kwesifo

Uxilongo lwe retinitis pigmentosa ubamba zamehlo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba anamnesis, apho kuwo kucaca ukuba kwimeko enjalo ubuncinane enye isizalwane. Ukongeza, uphononongo olwenziwe ilahleko ezithile malunga zephotoreceptor yeseli usebenzisa electroretinography kunye novavanyo olubonakalayo.

Ubukho uphawu retinitis ulwehlo nakujoliso olutsha kungabonwa ngenxa yokuziphatha ophthalmoscopy kunye fundus photos wenza.

Zityhila ubukho ziintsilelo fundus iliso, kwaye ubukho yoma epithelium kunye nokudumba macular kummandla ngokusebenzisa fluorescence le angiography retina (FAG).

Ukongeza, umbono umbala echaziweyo, ukulungelelaniswa, kunye umahluko kwinqanaba ubuntununtunu emnyama.

Unyango lwe retinitis pigmentosa

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphelisa izifo ezifana retinitis pigmentosa? Unyango eyenzelwe namhlanje, ngelishwa, osandla singabanga ngokupheleleyo lokuyigxotha le ngxaki. Inye kuphela into enokunceda amagqirha - kukususa ezinye iimpawu zesi sifo.

Phambi nokudumba macular yabelwa ulwamkelo womchamo, eziquka గుర్తులు ibhaloni anhydrase inhibitors.

cataract isusiwe nge uqhaqho.

Photocoagulation for oogqirha nemithambo bacebisa kukwamkelwa nemithambo arhente imithi.

Ukongeza, vitamin eyenziwa kugxininiswa ulwamkelo nicotinic acid. Kwakhona, kukho uluvo lokuba le nkqubo imandundu iza kucotha phantsi ngokwandisa kwe Vitamin A, leyo inokufunyanwa ezahlukeneyo izongezo zokutya.

Ukongezelela, izigulane bacetyiswa ukuba ukunxiba iindondo ezikhethekileyo eziya ukufunxa imisebe yelanga shortwave. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhusela retina umonakalo.

Uthomalaliso ngasentla iya kunceda ukunciphisa izinga progression kwezifo ezifana retinitis pigmentosa. zokulungisa Treatment abahlala kulo mzekelo enokusetyenziswa kuphela ngokohlobo ukuthotyelwa ukudla ziphuhliswe ngokukodwa, ebonelela imali ubuncinane iikhompawundi purine kunye cholesterol ekutyeni. Ngaphezu koko, kungakuhle ukuba uyifake iiblueberries yakho ekutyeni, njengoko yinto antioxidant yendalo kunye umthombo vitamin A.

Enye indlela ndahlukane neengxaki ezifana, ezifana retinitis pigmentosa - stem unyango cell. Le ndlela iqulunqwa esebenzayo, kodwa izazinzulu ziye wathembisa ukuba kwixesha elizayo kuya kuqalisa ukwenza afakele ezisetyenziswa kunye namanye amacandelo unyango.

Umgaqo olu hlobo unyango aya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Ukususela iiseli stem isakhi esempilweni kwiilebhu ezizodwa iya kukhula iiseli semehlo. Okulandelayo ziza ingenisa izigulane retinitis pigmentosa ukuba babuyele emehlweni abo. Kulo mzekelo, amajoni omzimba kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuyigatya koko iye, njengoko kwenziwe ngeeseli yesigulana esiqwini sakhe.

Nangona ukuya kwindawo apho le ndlela liqalisa esetyenziswa ukunyanga izifo iliso, kude, namhlanje amanyathelo okuqala ekufezekiseni le njongo alithandayo sele ethathiwe.

Iindlela zophuhliso yothintelo izifo

Ukususela retinitis pigmentosa, kwiimeko ezininzi kwenzeka kwinqanaba yemfuza, ukuphepha obubonakala, ngelishwa, ayiyi kuphumelela. Into kuphela ukuba ungenza isigulana meko - kangangoko kunokwenzeka isantya inkqubo iingxaki zophuhliso kwaye kulibazise ixesha ekuqaleni ziimfama.

Ukuze wenze oku, kubalulekile ukuba babhalise zamehlo rhoqo ukuba amtyelele uze uliphulaphule zonke iingcebiso. Ukuba ukwala ukunxiba iindondo ezikhethekileyo yokhuselo, leyo uya kusindisa retina iliso nokubhenca yingozi ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo.

Kuba abo bamthandayo ukufunda, kufuneka ukhethe nefonti ezifanelekileyo engadingi ukuba uhlobo iliso.

Hlala uphilile!