Arkhangelsk, ebumelwaneni ophilileyo: imbali, imyuziyam, imiboniso

Uqoqosho Russian kwinkulungwane XVII phambili ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko, kwi kwizibuko Arkhangelsk ayethembele amazwe. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha imicimbi yorhwebo langaphandle zenziwe kuyo. Esi sixeko "ubuso" yelizwe kumazwe Western eYurophu. Isakhiwo side kunye lwefacade obutofotofo kwakufuneka Arkhangelsk.

Gostiny Dvor isixeko esemantla waba kuphela indawo emnandi kwaye ukhululekile ukuba abathengisi kunye Russian, kodwa la engenamsebenzi olukhuselayo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, aliqonda ezikhumbuzo ezizodwa lwezakhiwo ilitye Russian lwekhulu XVII.

History of indalo

Ngowe-1667 Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich wakhupha umyalelo eyalela ukuba baqale ukwakha kummandla phantse 9 iihektare izakhiwo amatye amakhulu in Arkhangelsk. Imizobo entsokothileyo yezakhiwo wamisela abacwangcisi PG Marselis kunye B. Scharf.

Ngaloo mihla, umzi kwakhona iinkuni, njalo luyaqhubeka umlilo. Umlilo owatshabalalisa inani elikhulu izakhiwo kunye neendonga, ngoko wagqiba - ukwakha ngamatye Gostiny Dvor. Arkhangelsk, imbali kuba sisityebi, isakhiwo kwakungelula ukuba ukurhweba, oko wakha nenqaba kunye lundwendwe ezimbini complex: Russian kunye German.

Square kunye indawo enkulu embindini wabumba eyadini Russian kunye nesiJamani. Esi sakhiwo kufakwa imiba ixabiso yokuzikhusela. Ngenxa yoko, iiyadi, eziqhagamshelene ngeendonga, iinqaba kunye nezinye izakhiwo, ukubiyelwa iifolo, yaguquka yaba enamandla isixeko inqaba ngamatye.

Kwakhiwe inqaba ezukileyo lweminyaka 16 (1668-1684 gg.). Ngowe-1693 uPetros ngafika Arkhangelsk. Living kweyadi mzi, bawabona okokuqala, bamrholela entlanganisweni raptures. ukuncipha kwawo iqala ngenkulungwane XVIII, xa umsebenzi zangaphandle siya kufudumeza eSt Petersburg. Shopping Centre North, ezazingekho imfuno, kuya kuqalisa ukuwa.

Ukubuyiselwa Gostiny Dvor

Ngowe-1770, emva kokuba ukuqaphela neendawo zeemeko zongxamiseko, waqala ukwakha walo ngoko nangoko. Maxongo sites isigodlo Russian wachithwa, isitena lekalika Iizilebhu wathumela ukubuyiselwa. kwintendelezo German nelitye esemzini onodonga phantse isuswe ngokupheleleyo. Uqhekekile eMonastri yaseJamani yayikhona kuze kwinkulungwane XX. Xa ngenkulungwane yokuqala yazo dismantled ngokupheleleyo.

Kwiminyaka 70 XVIII yokwakha sangaphandle leminyaka eboleka imilo odidi, lifana sokuyilwa kwelo xesha. Ngowe-1788, phezu kwesiseko esitsha uvukile iziko ezinemigangatho elinye-kunye uqoqo kunye kobuhle smart. Kwigumbi imfuyo ukuba amalungiselelo ifenitshala, eyenziwe ukuze okhethekileyo, yokuxhobisa maziko. Xa ixesha yeNavigeyishini kwi uqoqo Leflegi luvutha isibane.

Kunokuba Stone Town yakhiwa warehouses e imigangatho-2 ukuphakama ngenxa yewayini kunye netyuwa. Ngu okudlela wakha inyango. Le projekthi ukwakhiwa wezakhiwo yabo kuphuhliswa M. Berezin. Wahlela qhoboshela North Tower kwezakhiwo efanayo. Kodwa mali ezinqabileyo kunye nokungabikho izinto banyanzelisa wezakhiwo ukumisa zokwakha. Kuphela ngo-1809, kunye nobunzima obukhulu sakwazi ukwakha kumgangatho wokuqala warehouses netyuwa kwenqaba.

Baphulukene isakhiwo yoqobo kunye neendonga zamafu, Arkhangelsk Gostiny Dvor wafumana, kodwa hayi kwi version ekuqaleni. Emva kwenkulungwane ye-omabini, isixeko walahlekelwa yinxalenye enkulu wenkundla Russian. Kuwo wahlala kuphela kwicala ngasentshonalanga isakhiwo ejongene chibi phaya kuMntla Dvina.

Ngaphandle koku, kwisakhiwo bokwakha kunye nezakhiwo kakuhle ezigcinwe: Russian Gostiny Dvor, nasenqabeni kwicala langasentla, i-stock exchange, shofom kunye izitora ukuba ityuwa, ibekwe kumbindi wesixeko kufutshane chibi, wakhangela iyingangamsha.

Gostiny Dvor ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic

Baphulukene ukubaluleka kwayo emkhosini, abemi ezintsonkothileyo ngokutsha phantsi iinjongo zoxolo. Washukumisa ibhunga umzi, inkundla, amasiko. shops kuvulwa indawo yayo. Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, le angaphantsi kwe warehouses ityuwa zasetyenziswa zokufihla air-ekuphangeni. Abahlali balapha ukufuya kubo airstrikes.

Ukongeza, ngexesha lemfazwe ngendlela entsonkothileyo lwezakhiwo ukwenzela ukubonelela ngendawo yokuhlala kuLwandle White wayenothotho kunye noqhagamshelwano hub. Imisebenzi ye-unit yasemkhosini ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano le Arctic kunye noLwandle Kara.

Museum Gostiny Dvor

Ukususela ngo-1981, lo lesikhumbuzo wembali ufumana ilifa museum umzi. Gostiny Dvor (Arkhangelsk), ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi, embilinini yabo elisaphilayo, yaqala ukubuyisela kancinane. Isicwangciso Ukubuyiselwa ziquka wokubuyisela kwintendelezo Russian, iinqaba kunye nezakhiwo kwicala langasentla, i-warehouses ityuwa. Emva kokuphela umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa ngo-2010, kukho inguqulelo lula lomculo bokwakha zobungangamela wazuza Arkhangelsk. Gostiny Dvor ngoku - liziko yenkcubeko, ezobunzululwazi kunye nezemfundo umzi.

nesamagumbi ayo zidalwe imiboniso umdla, esixelela malunga ezikhumbuzo inkcubeko eziphathekayo nangokomoya e Northern Territory. waseklasini imiboniso emininzi Museum: elinamasiko nezithethe-nembali Pomerania kunye woonongendi kumantla Russian. amagumbi amabini bazisa kulo mboniso ezinikele MV Lomonosov. Omnye iqulethe imiboniso malunga ikhaya encinane zezenzululwazi okuqaqambileyo eRashiya, elinesibini kumisa elabhoratri.

Imisebenzi kwimbali komyuziyam

Kuba iindwendwe ezininzi kuvula iingcango Gostiny Dvor (Arkhangelsk). Imiboniso landela omnye komnye ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo. Ngo kungqonge eli lomculo zokwakha kunye iiholo le ukhenketho ekhokelwa, leyo ukutsala ingqalelo yabantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Nika ulwazi malunga ilifa zenkcubeko nezembali kummandla, wenziwe inkomfa lwenzululwazi-practical.

Iindwendwe ziyamenywa ukuba eekonsathi of jazz nomculo weklasiki. Ulungiselela nezinto ezimnandi, ukulungiselela iminyhadala nabantu, ngeengokuhlwa spiral, iibhola ngodaba, zocweyo kunye nezinye iziganeko. I-museum ubambe liphikisa. A indawo ekhethekileyo unikwa ukhuphiswano "Isiphiwo Young". amalungu ayo iingcibi abanetalente inxaxheba kwezobugcisa iintsomi kunye nemisebenzi yezandla.